Formative and summative assessments are two main types of evaluations used in education. Formative assessments are ongoing and help teachers understand what students have learned, while summative assessments measure learning at the end of a period. Other types include standardized tests, diagnostic assessments, criterion-referenced assessments, norm-referenced assessments, performance-based assessments, portfolios, self-assessments, peer assessments, teacher evaluations, program evaluations, and institutional evaluations. The goal of all educational evaluations is to improve student learning outcomes and teaching practices.

1. Types of Education Evaluation
Sivumelwano Agreement Nyembe
vumiunyembe@gmail.com

2. Introduction
• Evaluation is an essential process in various
domains to assess the effectiveness,
performance, or quality of something.
• There are different types of evaluations
depending on the context and the purpose
they serve.

3. Defintion of evaluation
• Evaluation is the process of assessing the
value, worth, or quality of something. In
education, evaluation refers to the systematic
and ongoing assessment of student learning,
progress, and performance in relation to set
learning objectives and standards.

4. Importance of evaluation
• It is always important to understand the progress of
students to plan better further and work on their
weaker areas.
• Evaluations help to identify the areas of strengths and
weaknesses of a student.
• It helps to understand the potential of every student,
which helps to curate a better learning plan for the
students and helps them grow rapidly.
• It is important for a teacher to understand the
different types of evaluation in education processes
and how they are used in a classroom.

5. The goal of evaluation
• Is to provide teachers and students with
information to improve learning outcomes and
measure the effectiveness of teaching and
learning practices.
• Evaluation methods can include tests, quizzes,
essays, projects, observations, and more.
• Evaluation is an important aspect of the
educational process as it helps teachers
understand student learning and adjust their
teaching practices accordingly.

6. Types of evaluation in education
• A teacher should use different types of
evaluation in education that are most suitable
for their classroom
• It is important for teachers to understand the
different types of evaluation in
education processes and how they can use
them in their teaching.

7. Formative Evaluation
• Formative evaluation refers to the assessment being
conducted multiple times.
• In the formative assessment process, teachers conduct
tests after an interval of some time that makes them
understand what the students have understood and
what they can still learn.
• Formative assessments are ongoing, classroom-based
evaluations designed to provide feedback to both
teachers and students.
• Help to identify student strengths and weaknesses,
track progress, and inform instructional adjustments.

8. Summative Assessment
• Summative assessments are typically administered at the end of a learning
period, such as a unit, semester, or school year.
• Their primary purpose is to measure student achievement and determine
if learning goals have been met.
• This evaluation decides whether the students will go further into the next
grade or will they have to repeat the same year again.
• This assessment clubs the entire syllabus of the one exam and the
evaluation of this results in deciding the future of the students.
• The students get certifications at the completion of their summative
evaluations
– Certifications help students to go to the next level of their education
– Formative assessments can help students to score better in
summative evaluation.

9. Standardized Testing
• Standardized tests are assessments with consistent
formats, administration procedures, and scoring.
• They are used to compare the performance of students
within a region, country, or across nations.
• A standardized test is any type of test in which all test
takers must address the same questions or subset of
questions from a shared pool.
• Standardized testing creates a baseline for measuring
student performance among districts, maintains
teacher responsibility, and
• They aids educators while developing their curriculum

10. Diagnostic Assessment
• Diagnostic assessments are used to identify
students' specific learning needs, skill gaps, or
misconceptions. They help teachers tailor
instruction to meet individual student
requirements.

11. Criterion-Referenced Assessment
• Criterion-referenced assessments measure
how well a student has mastered specific
learning objectives or criteria. The focus is on
whether students meet predetermined
standards, rather than comparing them to
peers.
•

12. Norm-Referenced Assessment
• Norm-referenced assessments compare a
student's performance to that of a group or
normative sample. These tests help rank
students relative to their peers.

13. Performance-Based Assessment
• Performance-based assessments evaluate
students' ability to apply knowledge and skills
in real-world scenarios. They often involve
projects, portfolios, or hands-on tasks.

14. Portfolio Assessment
• Portfolio assessment involves collecting and
evaluating samples of a student's work over
time. It provides a comprehensive view of a
student's progress, achievements, and areas
for improvement.

15. Self-Assessment
• Self-assessment encourages students to
reflect on their learning, strengths, and
weaknesses. It helps develop metacognitive
skills and fosters a sense of ownership over
the learning process.

16. Peer Assessment
• Peer assessment involves students evaluating
the work of their peers. It promotes
collaboration, communication skills, and a
deeper understanding of the subject matter.

17. Teacher Evaluation
• Teacher evaluation is conducted to assess the
effectiveness of educators in the classroom. It
considers their instructional practices,
classroom management, and contributions to
student learning.

18. Program Evaluation
• Program evaluation assesses the effectiveness
of educational programs, interventions, or
curriculum changes. It helps determine
whether the program's objectives are being
met and if any modifications are needed.

19. Institutional Evaluation
• Institutional evaluations focus on the overall
performance of an educational institution. It
considers factors such as student outcomes,
faculty qualifications, infrastructure, and
resources.

20. Feedback and Observations
• Regular feedback and classroom observations
from administrators or peers can provide
valuable insights into teaching practices and
student engagement.
• .

21. Conclusion
• These various types of evaluations in
education contribute to a comprehensive
understanding of students' progress, teaching
efficacy, and overall educational effectiveness.
They play a crucial role in shaping education
policies, curriculum development, and
instructional practices