Pumps and pipes are essential infrastructure for aquaculture farms and hatcheries. Common pumps used include centrifugal pumps, diaphragm pumps, gear pumps, screw pumps, and vane pumps. Pipes made from materials like bamboo, concrete, plastic, galvanized iron, ceramic, wood, and siphons are used to transport water and are selected based on factors like water pressure, flow needs, and material durability. Proper pump and pipe selection is important for effective water delivery in aquaculture.

1. Rafikul Islam ASH1502041M
Types and uses of Pumps and Pipes in
Aquaculture farm and Hatchery

2. Content:
1. Pump
2. Types of pump
3. Common pump used in Farm and Hatchery
4. Pipe
5. Types and uses of pipes in aquaculture farm

3. Pump:
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or
gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action.
Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically
reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to
perform mechanical work moving the fluid.

4. CLASSIFICATION
PUMP
POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT
ROTARY
SINGLE ROTOR MULTIPLE ROTOR
RECIPROCATING
DIAPHRAGM PISTON,PLUNGER
DYNAMIC
CENTRIFUGAL AXIAL

5. POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS, (PDP’S):
WORKING PRINCIPLE AND FEATURES
1.Fixed volume cavity opens
2. Fluid trapped in the cavity through an inlet
3. Cavity closes, fluid squeezed through an outlet
4. A direct force is applied to the confined liquid
5. Flow rate is related to the speed of the moving parts of the
pump
6.The fluid flow rates are controlled by the drive speed of the
pump
7.In each cycle the fluid pumped equals the volume of the
cavity
8. Pulsating or Periodic flow
9. Allows transport of highly viscous fluids
10. Performance almost independent of fluid viscosity

6. TYPES OF Positive Displacement Pump:
1. Diaphragm Pump
2. Gear Pump
3. Lobe Pump
4. Piston Pump
5. Peristaltic Pump
Positive Displacement Pump

7. WORKING PRINCIPLE AND FEATURES
1. Add somehow momentum to the fluid (through
vanes, impellers or some special design
2. Do not have a fixed closed volume
3. Fluid with high momentum passes through open
passages and converts its high velocity into
pressure.
Dynamic Pump

8. TYPES OF Dynamic Pump:
1. Centrifugal Pump
2. Submersible Pump
3. Vertical Centrifugal Pump
4. Horizontal Centrifugal Pump
5. Fire Hydrant Pump
Dynamic Pump

9. Common pump used in Farm and Hatchery:
1.Centrifugal pump
2.Diaphragm Pump
3.Gear pump
4.Screw pump
5.Vane pump
6.Piston pump

10. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Centrifugal pumps are the most used pump type in the
world due to simple working principle and relatively
inexpensive manufacturing cost.
*Common uses include water, sewage, petroleum and
petrochemical pumping.
*Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the
conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the
hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow.
*The rotational energy comes from an engine or
electric motor.

11. Diaphragm Pump
A diaphragm pump (also known as a Membrane pump) is
a positive displacement pump that uses a combination
of the reciprocating action of a rubber, thermoplastic or
Teflon diaphragm and suitable valves on either side of
the diaphragm (check valve, butterfly valves, flap
valves, or any other form of shut-off valves) to pump a
fluid.

12. Gear pump
*This is the simplest of rotary positive displacement
pumps.
*It consists of two meshed gears that rotate in a closely
fitted casing.
*The tooth spaces trap fluid and force it around the outer
periphery.
*The fluid does not travel back on the meshed part,
because the teeth mesh closely in the center.

13. Screw pump
*A screw pump is a more complicated type of rotary
pump that uses two or three screws with opposing
thread e.g., one screw turns clockwise and the other
counterclockwise.
*The screws are mounted on parallel shafts that have
gears that mesh so the shafts turn together and
everything stays in place.
*The screws turn on the shafts and drive fluid through
the pump.

14. Vane pump
*A rotary vane pump is a positive-displacement
pump that consists of vanes mounted to a rotor that
rotates inside a cavity. In some cases these vanes can
have variable length and/or be tensioned to maintain
contact with the walls as the pump rotates.
*Vane pumps are commonly used as high-
pressure hydraulic pumps and in automobiles,
including supercharging, power-steering, air
conditioning and automatic-transmission pumps.

15. Piston pump
A piston pump is a type of positive displacement
pump where the high-pressure seal reciprocates with
the piston. Piston pumps can be used to move liquids or
compress gases. They can operate over a wide range of
pressures. High pressure operation can be achieved
without a strong effect on flow rate. Piston pumps can also
deal with viscous media and media containing solid
particles.
Piston pumps are often used in scenarios requiring high,
consistent pressure and in water irrigation or delivery
systems.

16. Pipes in aquaculture farm
Pipe is a structure used to convey fluids (liquids and gases)
from one location to another. The engineering discipline of
piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid.
In aquaculture the common way to transport water is
through pipes; open channels are also used in some cases.

17. The type of pipe to be used depends on the
construction materials:
1. Bamboo pipes
2. Concrete pipes
3. Ceramic pipes
4. Galvanized iron pipes
5. Plastic pipe
6. Wooden pipe
7. Siphon

18. 1.Bamboo pipes:
Make cheap and good inlets whenever locally
available. They can be used in several ways for filling
small ponds, for example:
*without modification, the water flow being regulated
upstream
*with modification of a mobile plate for flow
regulation.

19. 2.Concrete pipes:
There are three types of concrete pipe. In order of
increasing strength, they are:
*Unreinforced concrete pipes
*Reinforced concrete pipes
*Asbestos-cement pipes.

20. 3.Ceramic pipes:
*Ceramic pipes are made of baked clays, usually with a
hard glazed exterior finish, with typical diameters of 10
to 20 cm. They are normally in short lengths, 50 cm to
80 cm, with a collar fitting at one end, sealed with
mortar. Ceramic pipes are not strong and are easily
broken in handling. As with plain concrete pipes, they
must be well protected under ground.

21. 4.Galvanized iron pipes:
*For smaller water flows, galvanized iron pipes (inside
diameter 5 or 6 cm) or plastic pipes are normally
preferred. The standard lengths available are usually
longer (3 to 6 m), which reduces or may even eliminate
the need for joints.
*Small galvanized iron pipes are more expensive but
also much more durable than bamboo pipes. They can
be fitted with a mechanical valve to regulate the water
flow.

22. 5.Plastic pipes:
*For plastic pipes, pressure pipes are stronger, heavier,
and more expensive than drainage pipes. They are
suitable for higher water pressures, for example
pumped water supplies, and wall thickness depend on
the pressure rating needed. Drainage pipes are lighter,
have thinner walls, are cheaper and are suitable for
low pressure, for example pond drains. The example
below shows a drainage pipe with a flexible "o" ring
inset in the collar for a "push fit joint".

23. 6.Wooden pipe:
*By assembling three boards to form a rectangular gutter.
A flow-regulating gate can easily be added.
*Cheap
*Locally available

24. 7.Siphon:
*Siphons as flexible or stiff pipes, can also be used for
filling ponds.
*a tube used to convey liquid upwards from a reservoir
and then down to a lower level of its own accord.
*In this case, the pond requires no proper inlet.