Static and Fatigue Analysis of Pressure Vessel as per ASME CodesUtsav Patel
The problem statement is to design a pressure vessel working as an adsorber in a chemical plant. Design data calculated as per ASME BPVC Section VIII/Division I and it analyzed as per ASME BPVC Section VIII/Division II. You can trust this data.
If you need any help regarding this, contact me via LinkedIn.
This power point was prepared for the course named as Chemical Engineering Apparatus Design. Target group was 4th year chemical engineering Students for the first semester
SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
Torsion tesd
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
The objective of this experiment is to study the linearly elastic behavior
of metallic material under a torsion test. Torsion test measures the
strength of any material against maximum twisting forces. During this
experiment, a failure testing is done to our testing material which is a
steel. This failure testing involves twisting the material until it breaks
which helps demonstrates how materials undergo during testing
condition by measuring the applied torque with respect to the angle of
twist, the shear modulus, shear stress
At the limit of proportionality. The shear modulus of elasticity G and
Poisson's Ratio are determined for the specimen using torsional stressstrain relationship from the data collected during the experiment. The
fraction surface of our material at the end of the experiment is used to
stablish characteristics of the material,
Static and Fatigue Analysis of Pressure Vessel as per ASME CodesUtsav Patel
The problem statement is to design a pressure vessel working as an adsorber in a chemical plant. Design data calculated as per ASME BPVC Section VIII/Division I and it analyzed as per ASME BPVC Section VIII/Division II. You can trust this data.
If you need any help regarding this, contact me via LinkedIn.
This power point was prepared for the course named as Chemical Engineering Apparatus Design. Target group was 4th year chemical engineering Students for the first semester
SAIF ALDIN ALI MADIN
سيف الدين علي ماضي
S96aif@gmail.com
Torsion tesd
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
The objective of this experiment is to study the linearly elastic behavior
of metallic material under a torsion test. Torsion test measures the
strength of any material against maximum twisting forces. During this
experiment, a failure testing is done to our testing material which is a
steel. This failure testing involves twisting the material until it breaks
which helps demonstrates how materials undergo during testing
condition by measuring the applied torque with respect to the angle of
twist, the shear modulus, shear stress
At the limit of proportionality. The shear modulus of elasticity G and
Poisson's Ratio are determined for the specimen using torsional stressstrain relationship from the data collected during the experiment. The
fraction surface of our material at the end of the experiment is used to
stablish characteristics of the material,
Episode 39 : Hopper Design
Problem:
1 -experiments with shear box jenike on a particulate catalyst to give the family
yield locus as in 1. given that the bulk density is 1000 kg/m3 particulates and wall friction angle is 15
a-from design chart silo cone, do design a mass flow hopper for the material.
b-if the average size is 100 um, calculate the discharge flow rate passing through the discharge opening
2 - For the above materials using stainless steel is required to store 1000 tons of particulate in it. Coefficient of friction at the wall is given as 0.45 for each value and the formula that you use the appropriate justify the design.
a - draw the dimensions of the silo you and draw a vertical stress profile and the wall of the silo whole time say powerful particle
b- specify the maximum vertical stress and the wall of the silo you
c - if you use several different approaches in the design you provide appropriate recommendations to your employer for work before the end of the casting device fabrication started.
d - if problems such as the formation of the entrance are available after a certain time interval suggest measures - flow improvement measures to be taken to your employer
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Episode 38 : Bin and Hopper Design
< 1960s storage bins were designed by guessing
Then in 1960s A.W. Jenike changed all.- He developed theory, methods to apply, inc. the eqns. And measurement of necessary particles properties.
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
A seminar presentation for major or minor project for BTech/MTech students on design of pressure vessels using composite materials. for complete presentation log on to www.mechieprojects.com
Experimental and numerical analysis of elasto-plastic behaviour of notched sp...IJERA Editor
The objective of the work was to estimate the elasto-plastic stress and strain behaviour at the root of the notch of
an Al 6061 plate undergoing tensile and compressive cyclic loading by both experimental and numerical
methods. This attempt to measured initial elasto-plastic stresses experimentally then verified by numerically.
The various Kt values such as 2, 4 and 6 specimens were subjected to tensile test using a computerised universal
testing machine. Numerical approach associated with body discretization and developed finite element model
with sufficient degree of freedom to analyses elasto-plastic analysis of notched specimen. Experimental results
show that analysis of three Kt notched specimens had similar behaviour of elasto-plastic behaviour but different
magnitude. The experimental results compare well with the numerical results which are obtained during finite
element analysis of notched specimens.
Episode 39 : Hopper Design
Problem:
1 -experiments with shear box jenike on a particulate catalyst to give the family
yield locus as in 1. given that the bulk density is 1000 kg/m3 particulates and wall friction angle is 15
a-from design chart silo cone, do design a mass flow hopper for the material.
b-if the average size is 100 um, calculate the discharge flow rate passing through the discharge opening
2 - For the above materials using stainless steel is required to store 1000 tons of particulate in it. Coefficient of friction at the wall is given as 0.45 for each value and the formula that you use the appropriate justify the design.
a - draw the dimensions of the silo you and draw a vertical stress profile and the wall of the silo whole time say powerful particle
b- specify the maximum vertical stress and the wall of the silo you
c - if you use several different approaches in the design you provide appropriate recommendations to your employer for work before the end of the casting device fabrication started.
d - if problems such as the formation of the entrance are available after a certain time interval suggest measures - flow improvement measures to be taken to your employer
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
Episode 38 : Bin and Hopper Design
< 1960s storage bins were designed by guessing
Then in 1960s A.W. Jenike changed all.- He developed theory, methods to apply, inc. the eqns. And measurement of necessary particles properties.
SAJJAD KHUDHUR ABBAS
Ceo , Founder & Head of SHacademy
Chemical Engineering , Al-Muthanna University, Iraq
Oil & Gas Safety and Health Professional – OSHACADEMY
Trainer of Trainers (TOT) - Canadian Center of Human
Development
A seminar presentation for major or minor project for BTech/MTech students on design of pressure vessels using composite materials. for complete presentation log on to www.mechieprojects.com
Experimental and numerical analysis of elasto-plastic behaviour of notched sp...IJERA Editor
The objective of the work was to estimate the elasto-plastic stress and strain behaviour at the root of the notch of
an Al 6061 plate undergoing tensile and compressive cyclic loading by both experimental and numerical
methods. This attempt to measured initial elasto-plastic stresses experimentally then verified by numerically.
The various Kt values such as 2, 4 and 6 specimens were subjected to tensile test using a computerised universal
testing machine. Numerical approach associated with body discretization and developed finite element model
with sufficient degree of freedom to analyses elasto-plastic analysis of notched specimen. Experimental results
show that analysis of three Kt notched specimens had similar behaviour of elasto-plastic behaviour but different
magnitude. The experimental results compare well with the numerical results which are obtained during finite
element analysis of notched specimens.
Numerical Calculation of Solid-Liquid two-Phase Flow Inside a Small Sewage Pumptheijes
Based on a mixture multiphase flow model,theRNG k–εturbulencemodelandfrozen rotor method were used to perform a numerical simulation of steady flow in the internal flow field of a sewage pump that transports solid and liquid phase flows. Resultsof the study indicate that the degree of wear on the front and the back of the blade suction surface from different densities of solid particles shows a completely opposite influencing trend. With the increase of delivered solid-phase density, the isobaric equilibrium position moves to the leading edge point of the blade, but the solid-phase isoconcentration point on the blade pressure surface and suction surface basically remains unchanged. The difference between hydraulic lift and water lift indelivering solid- and liquid-phase flows shows a rising trend with the increase of working flow
Transient three dimensional cfd modelling of ceilng fanLahiru Dilshan
Ceiling fans are used to get thermal comfort, especially in tropical countries. With the increment of the usage of air conditioners, the emission of CO2 is increased. But ceiling fans are a limited solution, that saves much energy compared to air conditioners. Ceiling fans generate a non-uniform velocity profile, so that, there is a non-uniform thermal environment. That non-uniform environment does not imply lower thermal comfort, that will give enough thermal comfort with low energy cost by air velocity. Hence, there will be difficulties of analysing with simple modelling techniques in that environment. So, to predict the performance of the ceiling fan required more accurate models.
The accurate model of a ceiling fan will generate complex geometry that makes difficulties for the simulation process and requires higher computational power. Because of that, there are several methods used to predict the performance of the ceiling fan using mathematical techniques but that will give an estimated value of properties in the surrounding.
EGME 306A The Beam Page 1 of 18 Group 2 EXPER.docxSALU18
EGME 306A The Beam
Page 1 of 18
Group 2
EXPERIMENT 3:The Beam
Group 2 Members:
Ahmed Shehab
Marvin Penaranda
Edwin Estrada
Chris May
Bader Alrwili
Paola Barcenas
Deadline Date: 10/23/2015
Submission Date: 10/23/2015
EGME 306A – UNIFIED LABORATORY
EGME 306A The Beam
Page 2 of 18
Group 2
Abstract (Bader):
The main objective for this experiment was to determine the stress, deflection, and strain of a supported beam
under loading, and to experimentally verify the beam stress and flexure formulas. Additionally, maximum
bending stress and maximum deflection were determined. To accomplish this, a 1018 steel I-beam with a strain
gage bonded to the underside was utilized in conjunction with a dial indicator to monitor beam deflection. In
order to determine the values for strain and deflection, the beam underwent testing utilizing the MTS Tensile
Testing machine, which applied a controlled, incrementally increasing load to the beam. This data was then
utilized along with calculations for the beams neutral axis, moment of inertia, and section modulus to determine
the required objective values. Final values of 12,150 psi for the maximum actual stress (vs. 12,784.8 psi for
theoretical stress), and 0.0138 in for the maximum actual deflection (vs. .0130 in for theoretical deflection)
correlated closely with each other, and successfully verify established beam stress and flexure formulas.
EGME 306A The Beam
Page 3 of 18
Group 2
Table of Contents:
List of Symbols and Units 4
Theory 5
Procedure and Experimental Set-up 8
Results 9
Sample Calculations and Error Analysis 12
Discussion and Conclusion 15
Bibliography 16
Appendix 17
EGME 306A The Beam
Page 4 of 18
Group 2
List of Symbols and Units (Chris):
List of Symbols and Units Name of variables (units) Units
𝜎 Stress psi
𝑃 Applied load lbf
𝐼 Moment of Inertia in.4
𝜀 Strain in/in
𝐿 Length of the bar in
Z Section Modulus of Beam in3
𝑐 Distance to Beam Neutral Axis in
𝐸 Modulus of Elasticity psi
EGME 306A The Beam
Page 5 of 18
Group 2
Theory (Edwin):
There are two main objectives for this experiment: to determine maximum bending stress values in
the beam and to determine the deflection in the beam. To help visualize this phenomena, imagine
cutting a section of a symmetrically loaded beam:
Now, examine diagrams of this section before (Fig. A) and after bending (Fig. B):
(Fig. A)
(Fig. B)
The main points to take away from the above diagrams are as follows: When the moment, M is applied
as shown in Fig. A, forces will be in compression near the top (positive moment) and in tension near
the bottom (negative moment). The effects from this moment are seen in Fig. B.
For determining max stress values, one concept to note is that our bending moment M can help
calculate bending stress. First, we rec
OPTIMIZATION AND FATIGUE ANALYSISOF A CRANE HOOK USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODijmech
Stress analysis plays an important role in the design of structures like crane hook under loading conditions.
Crane hook is a reliable lifting component being used in industries. Structure failure of crane hook occurs
because of the stress induced due to repetitive loading and unloading conditions. In this study, solid
modeling of crane hook having trapezoidal cross-section referring to one of its existing design is done
using SOLIDWORKS. Further, analyses are carried out in ANSYS Workbench and nCode DesignLife. The
lengths of two parallel sides of the cross-section of crane hook are varied and different candidates are
obtained for loading capacity of 30 ton on the basis of Mass, total Displacement and Von-Mises stress.This
is done to reduce weight and balance economy. Further, out of these candidates, best candidates are
considered and fatigue analysis is performed on these candidates.
Numerical modeling of the welding defect influence on fatigue life of the wel...inventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Math cad vm-001 stress-strain transformationsJulio Banks
This report is intended to clarify that stress P and Q are actually principal stress 1 and 2 but not physical locations
P and Q. Additionally, the strains calculated in Method II
are solved directly with a matrix inversion and not iteratively
as provided in the reference paper. Nonetheless, this is
an excellent VM (Validation Model) recommended for
FEA (Finite Element Analysis) substantiation.
ESTIMATION OF CREEP PARAMETERS IN AN ISOTROPIC UNIFORM COMPOSITE CYLINDERijiert bestjournal
In applications such as pressure vessel for industr ial gases or a media transportation of high- pressurized fluids and piping of nuclear reactors,the cylinder has to operate under severe mechanical and thermal loads,causing significant c reep hence reduced service life (Gupta and Phatak,2001;Tachibana and Iyoku,2004;Hagihara a nd Miyazaki,2008). As an example,in the high temperature engineering test reactor,the temp erature reaches of the order of 900 oC (Tachibana and Iyoku,2004). The piping of reactor cooling system are subjected to high temperature and pressure and may be damaged due to high heat generated from the reactor core (Hagihara and Miyazaki,2008). A number of studies pertaining to creep behaviour of the cylinder assume the cylinder to be made of monolith ic material. However,under severe thermo mechanical loads cylinder made of monolithic materi als may not perform well. The weight reduction achieved in engineering components,resul ting from the use of aluminum/aluminum base alloys,is expected to save power and fuel due to a reduction in the payload of dynamic systems. However,the enhanced creep of aluminum an d its alloys may be a big hindrance in such applications. Aluminum matrix composites offer a unique combination of properties,unlike many monolithic materials like metals and alloys,w hich can be tailored by modifying the content of reinforcement.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Twice yield method for assessment of fatigue life assesment of pressure swing adsorber (psa) vessel by fea.
1. 1
TWICE-YIELD METHOD FOR ASSESSMENT OF FATIGUE LIFE
ASSESMENT OF PRESSURE SWING ADSORBER (PSA) VESSEL
BY FEA.
Kingston Rivington
ASME Authorized Inspector
ASNT Level 3 RT, PT, MT, UT, VT, ET, LT
ISO 9712 Level 3 PAUT/TOFD, API 510,570,653
rivington24@gmail.com Ref: # 9-2-2020
“A tribute to Late Dr. Arthur Kalnins (1931-2020) Lehigh University, who contributed his excellent work for local
strain-based fatigue approaches “
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------
1. OVERVIEW:
The objective of the example is to determine the number of design cycles of PSA’s at Nozzle to Elliptical
head & Knuckle portions as per Section VIII, Division 2³, of ASME Boiler and Arthur Kalnins² local strain
approach. In this example, the methodology of the twice yield fatigue analysis is used for finding out of
allowable design cycles. The PSA vessel is operated at cyclic pressure range during its service. The
Nonlinear Elastic plastic fatigue analysis is performed for a PSAthat subjected to a repeatedcycle of pressure
inside the vessel. No Temperatures are cycled. The Finite element analysis was performed to find out
Equivalent stress and Plastic Stain range, then values are substitute into Div,2 formulae to obtain maximum
allowable cycles.
2. ORGINAL DESIGN AND MATERIAL DATA FOR PSA
Shell material: SA516 Gr70
Ellipsoidal Head material 2:1: SA516 Gr70
Nozzle Pipe: SA350LF2 Cl 1
Nozzle Flange: SA 350 LF2 Cl.1
Table 1. Cyclic Parameters
PARAMETER UNIT PSA
Pressure Range Bar.g 4 –70 (7.0 Mpa)
Temperature Range ºC 25-45
Total Cycle time (design) Sec 540
Total cycle time (Operation) Sec 1100
Figure 1: Pressure Sequence for adsorption and regeneration cycle.
2. 2
Figure-2 Design drawing details for PSA
3.0 NOMENCLATURE
nc s s = material parameter for the cyclic stress–strain curve model
σa =total stress amplitude.
σr =total stress range
Kc s s = material parameter for the cyclic stress–strain curve model
Δεpeq, k =equivalent plastic strain range for the kth loading condition or cycle.
Δεeff , k =Effective Strain Range for the kth cycle.
ΔSp k = equivalent stress Range
Eya,k = value of modulus of elasticity of the material at the point under consideration
ɛtr =total true strain range.
ɛ pr =Plastic strain range.
Salt =effective alternating equivalent stress amplitude
4.0 MATERIAL PROPERTIES FOR STRESS ANALYSIS
According to 2019 Div. 2, paragraph 5.5.4.1(c ), a stabilized cyclic stress-strain curve shall be used. In this example, the
cyclic curves provided in 2019 Div. 2, Part 3, Annex 3.D, paragraph 3.D.4, will be used. The cyclic curve is defined by
equation (1).
3. 3
The ɛta , total true strain amplitude to be cycled, The above equation is Ramberg-Osgood (R-O) format of the cyclic
curve of equation (1) is not of the form that used in typical finite element programs that require a separation of elastic
and elastic-plastic behaviour at a specified yield stress. Equation (1) gives no such yield stress separation.
To find out the yield stress the following two methods are followed as described Arthur Kalnins²
1. Method A : To approximate this yield stress and modify the form of the curve, an offset of plastic strain,
offset, (2.0e-5) is assumed and a line is drawn along the elastic slope of Ramberg-Osgood (R-O). The
intersection of this line and the cyclic stress-strain curve is taken as the yield stress
Figure-3 Ramberg-Osgood yield stress by curve shift method
2.Method B: The yield stress is calculated also from formula approach equation (2)
For this example, the Method B formula approach has been chosen to find out yield stress.
ncss = 0.126 Table 3-D.2M Cyclic Stress–Strain Curve Data
Kcss = 693 Mpa Table 3-D.2M Cyclic Stress–Strain Curve Data
offset= 2.0e-5 Table 3-D.1M Cyclic Stress–Strain Curve Data
σy Yield stress = 177.25 Mpa
4. 4
For the Twice-Yield Method, the curves are then converted to the hysteresis loop stress and strain curve form
(strain range versus stress range). The plastic strain range is related to the stress range by the following equation (3)
Table 2: Stress range versus plastic strain range
Stress range
(Mpa)
Ey ncss Kcss εoffset
Plastic Strain
Range
355 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 0.00E+00
370 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.61E-05
380 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 2.93E-05
390 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 4.52E-05
400 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 6.42E-05
410 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 8.67E-05
420 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.13E-04
430 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.45E-04
440 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.82E-04
450 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 2.25E-04
460 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 2.76E-04
470 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 3.35E-04
480 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 4.03E-04
490 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 4.81E-04
500 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 5.72E-04
510 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 6.76E-04
520 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 7.96E-04
530 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 9.32E-04
540 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.09E-03
550 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.26E-03
560 1.98E+05 0.126 693 2.00E-05 1.46E-03
The Table 2 Stress range versus plastic strain range values are taken into material model.
5.0 MODEL AND LOADING
The axisymmetric model 2D was taken from Example as 3D models are time consumed and complicated. The pressure
load was modified to 7 Mpa (load at the cycle end point) and the nozzle thrust load(14 Mpa) was adjusted accordingly.
The boundary conditions are X=0 ,Y=0.The multilinear Kinematic hardening Ansys workbench¹ model has been chosen.
Figure 4.PSA model Figure 5. 2D model
5. 5
Figure 6. Boundary condition
6.0 DETERMINATION OF EFFECTIVE STRAIN RANGE BY TWICE-YIELD METHOD
The method is explained well by A. Kalnins² in his paper that if in the input the loading is specified as the loading
range, and the cyclic stress range-strain range curve is used for the material model, then in the output the stress
components are the stress component ranges and the strain components are the strain component ranges. Thus,
in one FEA load step, for which the loading is specified from zero to that of the loading range, the output provides
the stress and strain ranges that are needed for fatigue analysis
Figure 4 : Twice Yield method with single load step
7.0 DETERMINATION OF DESIGN CYCLES
6. 6
Figure 7. Von mises Equivalent stress range
Figure 8. Equivalent plastic strain range
a). To find out Effective Strain Ranges
ΔSp k = equivalent stress (values obtained from Ansys output)
Δεpeq, k = equivalent plastic strain range (values obtained from Ansys output)
Eya,k = value of modulus of elasticity of the material
Table-3
Component Location Eya,k ΔSp k Δεpeq, k Δεeff , k
Nozzle Inside Radius 1.98E+05 515.84 8.34E-04 3.44E-03
Knuckle inside radius 1.98E+05 363.69 1.00E-05 1.85E-03
7. 7
b. Determine the effective alternating equivalent stress for the cycle.
Table- 4
Component Location Eya,k Δεeff , k Salt,K
Nozzle Inside Radius 1.98E+05 3.44E-03 3.41E+02
Knuckle inside radius 1.98E+05 1.85E-03 1.83E+02
C. Determine the permissible number of cycles, Nk , for the alternating equivalent stress computed in Step b. Fatigue
curves based on the materials of construction are provided in ASME Division VIII Div 2 Annex 3-F, 3-F.1,
For Carbon, Low Alloy, Series 4XX, High Alloy, and High Tensile Strength Steels for temperatures not exceeding
371°C (700°F). The fatigue curve values may be interpolated for intermediate values of the ultimate tensile strength.
ET = the material modulus of elasticity at the cycle temperature
(1) For σuts ≤ 552 MPa (80 ksi) (see Figures 3-F.1M and 3-F.1) and for 48 MPa (7 ksi) ≤ Sa ≤ 3 999 MPa (580 ksi)
10ᵞ = 32.24 The above equation can be used.
The design number of design cycles, N, can be computed from eq. (3-F.21) based on the parameter X calculated for
the applicable material
Table- 5
Component Location ET Sa Y X N cycles
Nozzle Inside Radius 1.98E+05 3.41E+02 1.68E+00 3.70E+00 5032
Knuckle inside radius 1.98E+05 1.83E+02 1.41E+00 4.53E+00 33800
8.0 CONCLUSION
Refer from table -5, nozzle to ellipsoidal head junction, would limit the design cycle life of PSA is 5032 cycles.
References
1.ANSYS workbench (version 19.2) [FEA software]
2.Twice-Yield Method for Assessment of Fatigue Caused by Fast Thermal Transient According To 2007 Section Viii-Division 2 by Arthur Kalnins.
3.ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Div.2 2019 edition.
4.ASME PTB-3-2013