This document discusses the history and development of osteopathy. It begins by introducing Dr. AT Still, who founded osteopathy in the late 19th century after losing family members to illness and questioning conventional medical practices of the time, such as bloodletting. Still viewed the body as a whole functioning unit and began assessing structural relationships to functional issues. He developed osteopathic manipulation and founded the first osteopathic medical school in 1892. The document then discusses craniosacral therapy, which was developed in 1983 and focuses on the cranium and spinal fluid. It provides context around osteopathic philosophy and principles but does not directly summarize the key points in 3 sentences or less as requested.
The most common congenital craniofacial anomaly is cleft lip and palate. It is a separation that occurs in the lip or palate or both. Cleft occurs when the lip and/or the palate do not completely fuse during fetal development between the 6th and 9th week of pregnancy. While many factors have been associated with clefts, the cause of this condition seems complex and most cases of cleft lip and palate are thought to occur by an interaction of genetic and environmental factors or as a part of a genetic syndrome. Children with cleft lip and palate often have problems with feeding, speech, dentition, hearing, and aesthetics.
Oral Habits in Children. Part 1: Thumb sucking and Mouth BreathingRajesh Bariker
“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit”
The seminar is tailor made for students with an intent to help understand the subject, hope this makes up my little contribution in simplifying the topic.
This document discusses oral habits in children. It defines oral habits as repeated muscular contractions that are learned behaviors. Common oral habits include thumb sucking, finger sucking, tongue thrusting, and nail biting. Oral habits are classified based on factors like their psychological roots and whether they apply pressure. The causes of oral habits are debated but may involve psychological, learning, oral drive, and genetic factors. Oral habits can impact facial growth and dental development if persistent. Treatment involves psychological counseling, reminder therapies, and mechanotherapies like intraoral appliances.
Oral Habits In Children(Thumb Sucking,Tongue Thrusting, Mouth Breathing,Bruxism)Dr Anukriti sharma
This document discusses various oral habits. It begins with definitions of oral habits from several sources and classifications including whether they are useful or harmful habits. It then covers sucking habits including nutritive sucking like breastfeeding and bottle feeding. The document discusses the mechanics and impacts of different types of feeding. It also discusses non-nutritive sucking habits like thumb sucking and classifications of normal versus abnormal thumb sucking. The document continues discussing tongue thrusting, mouth breathing and other oral habits.
Oral habits are common in children and can be normal developmentally or may become problematic if persisting. Common oral habits include digit sucking, lip/nail biting, and tongue thrusting. Oral habits are classified in various ways including by duration, psychological basis, and effects. Prolonged habits beyond age 3-4 can cause dental issues like malocclusion. Thumb sucking in particular may cause dental effects if persisting and is influenced by psychological and learned factors. Tongue thrusting and mouth breathing can also influence malocclusion and require intervention and orthodontic treatment if persistent.
1) Oral habits like thumb sucking, tongue thrusting and mouth breathing can cause malocclusion if performed repeatedly over long periods of time.
2) Habits exert pressure on developing teeth and jaws, potentially causing spacing, crowding, open bites or cross bites.
3) Treatment involves identifying the habit, counseling parents and patients, using reminders or appliances to encourage adoption of healthy oral behaviors, and correcting any resulting malocclusion. Managing habits at a young age can prevent long-term dental issues.
The document discusses oral motor assessment and treatment in occupational therapy. It provides guidance on factors to consider in oral motor function including medical conditions, medications, cognitive level, positioning, and sensory issues. It describes normal and abnormal patterns for the lips, tongue, jaw, cheeks and swallowing. It also discusses facilitating sucking, spoon feeding, and transitioning to different food textures and consistencies.
Habits AND ITS MANAGEMENT ORTHODONTICSUmair Karral
William James defined habits as new pathways formed in the brain causing certain stimuli to discharge in particular ways. Habits can be useful, like proper tongue posture, or harmful, like thumb sucking. Thumb sucking can lead to malocclusion if it persists past age 4 by exerting pressure on teeth and arches. Tongue thrusting involves placing the tongue between incisors and can develop as an adaptation to displaced teeth. It may worsen malocclusion over time. Mouth breathing due to nasal obstruction can also affect jaw and tooth development, resulting in narrow arches and open bites. Management of harmful habits involves reminders, appliances, and exercises to encourage new behaviors.
The most common congenital craniofacial anomaly is cleft lip and palate. It is a separation that occurs in the lip or palate or both. Cleft occurs when the lip and/or the palate do not completely fuse during fetal development between the 6th and 9th week of pregnancy. While many factors have been associated with clefts, the cause of this condition seems complex and most cases of cleft lip and palate are thought to occur by an interaction of genetic and environmental factors or as a part of a genetic syndrome. Children with cleft lip and palate often have problems with feeding, speech, dentition, hearing, and aesthetics.
Oral Habits in Children. Part 1: Thumb sucking and Mouth BreathingRajesh Bariker
“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, then, is not an act, but a habit”
The seminar is tailor made for students with an intent to help understand the subject, hope this makes up my little contribution in simplifying the topic.
This document discusses oral habits in children. It defines oral habits as repeated muscular contractions that are learned behaviors. Common oral habits include thumb sucking, finger sucking, tongue thrusting, and nail biting. Oral habits are classified based on factors like their psychological roots and whether they apply pressure. The causes of oral habits are debated but may involve psychological, learning, oral drive, and genetic factors. Oral habits can impact facial growth and dental development if persistent. Treatment involves psychological counseling, reminder therapies, and mechanotherapies like intraoral appliances.
Oral Habits In Children(Thumb Sucking,Tongue Thrusting, Mouth Breathing,Bruxism)Dr Anukriti sharma
This document discusses various oral habits. It begins with definitions of oral habits from several sources and classifications including whether they are useful or harmful habits. It then covers sucking habits including nutritive sucking like breastfeeding and bottle feeding. The document discusses the mechanics and impacts of different types of feeding. It also discusses non-nutritive sucking habits like thumb sucking and classifications of normal versus abnormal thumb sucking. The document continues discussing tongue thrusting, mouth breathing and other oral habits.
Oral habits are common in children and can be normal developmentally or may become problematic if persisting. Common oral habits include digit sucking, lip/nail biting, and tongue thrusting. Oral habits are classified in various ways including by duration, psychological basis, and effects. Prolonged habits beyond age 3-4 can cause dental issues like malocclusion. Thumb sucking in particular may cause dental effects if persisting and is influenced by psychological and learned factors. Tongue thrusting and mouth breathing can also influence malocclusion and require intervention and orthodontic treatment if persistent.
1) Oral habits like thumb sucking, tongue thrusting and mouth breathing can cause malocclusion if performed repeatedly over long periods of time.
2) Habits exert pressure on developing teeth and jaws, potentially causing spacing, crowding, open bites or cross bites.
3) Treatment involves identifying the habit, counseling parents and patients, using reminders or appliances to encourage adoption of healthy oral behaviors, and correcting any resulting malocclusion. Managing habits at a young age can prevent long-term dental issues.
The document discusses oral motor assessment and treatment in occupational therapy. It provides guidance on factors to consider in oral motor function including medical conditions, medications, cognitive level, positioning, and sensory issues. It describes normal and abnormal patterns for the lips, tongue, jaw, cheeks and swallowing. It also discusses facilitating sucking, spoon feeding, and transitioning to different food textures and consistencies.
Habits AND ITS MANAGEMENT ORTHODONTICSUmair Karral
William James defined habits as new pathways formed in the brain causing certain stimuli to discharge in particular ways. Habits can be useful, like proper tongue posture, or harmful, like thumb sucking. Thumb sucking can lead to malocclusion if it persists past age 4 by exerting pressure on teeth and arches. Tongue thrusting involves placing the tongue between incisors and can develop as an adaptation to displaced teeth. It may worsen malocclusion over time. Mouth breathing due to nasal obstruction can also affect jaw and tooth development, resulting in narrow arches and open bites. Management of harmful habits involves reminders, appliances, and exercises to encourage new behaviors.
Role of oral habits in dimensional changes /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
This document discusses the role of oral habits in dimensional changes of the dental arches during growth and development. It covers normal and abnormal oral habits such as thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, and bruxism. Abnormal oral habits can apply harmful pressures to the developing dental arches and lead to malocclusion if continued long-term. The document examines various oral habits and their effects on the maxilla, mandible, interarch relationship, lip and tongue placement and function, as well as other effects like thumb deformity and speech defects.
Bruxism refers to the involuntary, excessive grinding or clenching of teeth. It can occur during waking hours or sleep. The document discusses the various definitions, types, prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bruxism. Bruxism is a multifactorial condition influenced by morphological, pathophysiological, respiratory, and psychological factors. It is most common in children under 11 years of age. Treatment involves the use of occlusal splints and addressing any underlying causes like stress, sleep disorders, malocclusion, or respiratory conditions.
The document discusses various oral habits that can affect dental development, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, and lip biting. It defines each habit, discusses classifications, potential etiologies, effects on dental occlusion and facial growth, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Common treatment involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause, interrupting the habit through various appliances, and correcting any resulting malocclusion. Psychological counseling may also be used for habits stemming from emotional factors. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed to successfully manage pernicious oral habits.
This document discusses oral habits. It begins by defining oral habits and classifying them in various ways, such as by pressure, intentionality, functionality, and more. It then explores the development of oral habits, noting how certain reflexes emerge in utero and influence future habit development. Several common oral habits seen in children are described, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, and mouth breathing. The document examines the etiology of oral habits and the maturation of oral function. It provides details on thumb sucking specifically, including classifications, phases of development, and studies that have explored the effects of thumb sucking on primary dentition. In summary, the document offers an overview of oral habits, with a focus on definitions,
Commonly occuring oral habits in childrenMoola Reddy
This document defines and classifies common oral habits in children, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, nail biting, and self-injurious habits. It discusses the development, etiology, effects, and clinical findings associated with each habit. Key points include that oral habits are learned patterns that develop from frequent repetition, can be caused by overprotection, isolation, or pain/discomfort, and result in unbalanced pressure on developing dental structures. The document classifies habits as obsessive or non-obsessive and provides diagnostic criteria for common habits significant to dental surgeons.
This document discusses thumb sucking habits in children. It begins by defining habits and classifying different types of oral habits. It then defines thumb sucking and classifications for normal versus abnormal thumb sucking. Various theories for the etiology of thumb sucking are presented, including classical Freudian theory, oral drive theory, sucking reflex theory, and learning theory. Clinical findings, diagnosis, and management strategies are outlined. Finally, several journal articles on topics related to thumb sucking are summarized in 1-3 sentences each.
This document discusses oral habits such as thumb sucking, pacifier use, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, and bruxism. It focuses on defining and classifying different types of tongue thrusting, including anterior, lateral, physiologic, habitual, functional, and anatomic tongue thrusting. The prevalence, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of both simple and complex tongue thrusting are described. Treatment involves training correct swallowing and tongue posture, using appliances to guide the tongue, and fixed or removable orthodontic appliances with cribs or spikes to restrain anterior tongue movement and retrain the swallowing pattern.
Evaluation of Neonatal Sucking: Normal, Disorganized, DysfunctionalSpecial Start
This document provides an overview of a training program on evaluating neonatal sucking patterns. It discusses the anatomy of an infant's oral cavity and the emergence of primitive oral reflexes. Normal, disorganized, and dysfunctional sucking patterns are differentiated. Factors that can interrupt normal oral development in neonatal intensive care are addressed, as are various types of dysphagia. The document also covers sensory aspects of neonatal sucking including perseveration, developing sensory aversions, and sensory-based oral feeding aversions. More information is available on the listed websites.
Teething is the process of primary teeth erupting through the gums between 5-7 months of age. While teething can cause local irritation and inflammation, there is no conclusive evidence that it leads to systemic issues like fever, diarrhea or vomiting. Teething symptoms are generally mild and self-limiting, resolving within 1-2 days with teethers, analgesics and topical teething gels. In rare cases, teething symptoms could be associated with other conditions like herpes simplex infection. Proper oral hygiene and use of approved teething aids can help relieve minor discomfort from teething.
Oral Habits play a major role in determining the growth of the face by exhibiting their effect on the dentition. Learn about these harmful habits and the ways to correct them by suitable treatment plans.
This document discusses various oral habits in children including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, nail biting, and self-injurious habits. It outlines potential causes such as genetic factors, developmental anomalies, psychological stress, oral trauma, sleep habits, and parental negligence. The conclusion recommends replacing harmful habits with good ones, taking a holistic approach, and addressing parental factors to prevent dentofacial issues.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses various oral habits in children such as thumb sucking, finger sucking, pacifier use, lip biting, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, nail biting, bruxism, and self-mutilation. It describes the potential dental effects of each habit including anterior open bite, maxillary constriction, and labial-lingual movement of the incisors. Treatment options discussed include reminder therapy, reward therapy, and appliance therapy. Common appliances mentioned are palatal cribs, tongue cribs, and the Bluegrass appliance.
Habits and its management,thumb sucking 1 /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses oral habits including masochistic habits and bruxism. It defines masochistic habits as deliberate self-injury without intent to cause death, done to relieve distressing feelings. Common self-injuries include cutting, scratching, pinching, and head banging. Bruxism is defined as the clenching or grinding of teeth, which can cause tooth wear and damage. The document discusses causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis using electromyography, and effects of bruxism like dental damage and headaches.
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of the field of pedodontics. It discusses how pedodontics began to emerge as a distinct field in the 1700s through pioneers like Robert Burton. It outlines the founding of important organizations over time, such as the American Society of Dentistry for Children in 1940 and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry in 1984. The document also reviews the history of pedodontics in other countries and regions, as well as its evolution in India beginning in the 1920s. Overall, the document traces how pedodontics has matured from its origins into a well-established specialty focused on comprehensive oral healthcare for children.
Use side hand grip for head control, the therapist assist lip close & jaw closer. Use straw when drinking liquid. Place food to unimpaired side. Use cold food / liquid.
Sensory and Motor Disorders of Neonatal SuckingSpecial Start
Sensory and Motor Disorders of Neonatal Sucking: Non-nutritive and Nutritive. presented by Marjorie Meyer Palmer,M.A. Neonatal/Pediatric Feeding Specialist
This document provides guidelines and exercises for preschool awareness rhymes. It includes 5 exercises to work on rhyming, jaw movement, tongue movement, silly sounds, and a closing rhyme. The exercises encourage proper posture and movement of the oral mechanism. Students are instructed to listen for rhyming words and distinguish between similar and different sounds while incorporating movement. The goal is to develop awareness of speech production and sequencing skills through rhymes and songs.
This document provides information about an upcoming Spreecast event on October 7th featuring Peter Litchfield discussing breathing physiology as a behavior. It encourages subscribers to subscribe to the Spreecast and pass invitations along to others. It provides contact emails for giving feedback and ends with a quote from T.S. Eliot about risking going too far.
This document summarizes an episode of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative" podcast from March 31, 2014. The episode features guest Barry Raphael, DMD, who discusses what responsibilities an orthodontist (RO) has. It provides instructions for interacting with the online streaming program and lists Raphael's background and credentials.
Role of oral habits in dimensional changes /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
This document discusses the role of oral habits in dimensional changes of the dental arches during growth and development. It covers normal and abnormal oral habits such as thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, and bruxism. Abnormal oral habits can apply harmful pressures to the developing dental arches and lead to malocclusion if continued long-term. The document examines various oral habits and their effects on the maxilla, mandible, interarch relationship, lip and tongue placement and function, as well as other effects like thumb deformity and speech defects.
Bruxism refers to the involuntary, excessive grinding or clenching of teeth. It can occur during waking hours or sleep. The document discusses the various definitions, types, prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bruxism. Bruxism is a multifactorial condition influenced by morphological, pathophysiological, respiratory, and psychological factors. It is most common in children under 11 years of age. Treatment involves the use of occlusal splints and addressing any underlying causes like stress, sleep disorders, malocclusion, or respiratory conditions.
The document discusses various oral habits that can affect dental development, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, and lip biting. It defines each habit, discusses classifications, potential etiologies, effects on dental occlusion and facial growth, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. Common treatment involves identifying and addressing the underlying cause, interrupting the habit through various appliances, and correcting any resulting malocclusion. Psychological counseling may also be used for habits stemming from emotional factors. A multidisciplinary approach is often needed to successfully manage pernicious oral habits.
This document discusses oral habits. It begins by defining oral habits and classifying them in various ways, such as by pressure, intentionality, functionality, and more. It then explores the development of oral habits, noting how certain reflexes emerge in utero and influence future habit development. Several common oral habits seen in children are described, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, and mouth breathing. The document examines the etiology of oral habits and the maturation of oral function. It provides details on thumb sucking specifically, including classifications, phases of development, and studies that have explored the effects of thumb sucking on primary dentition. In summary, the document offers an overview of oral habits, with a focus on definitions,
Commonly occuring oral habits in childrenMoola Reddy
This document defines and classifies common oral habits in children, including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, nail biting, and self-injurious habits. It discusses the development, etiology, effects, and clinical findings associated with each habit. Key points include that oral habits are learned patterns that develop from frequent repetition, can be caused by overprotection, isolation, or pain/discomfort, and result in unbalanced pressure on developing dental structures. The document classifies habits as obsessive or non-obsessive and provides diagnostic criteria for common habits significant to dental surgeons.
This document discusses thumb sucking habits in children. It begins by defining habits and classifying different types of oral habits. It then defines thumb sucking and classifications for normal versus abnormal thumb sucking. Various theories for the etiology of thumb sucking are presented, including classical Freudian theory, oral drive theory, sucking reflex theory, and learning theory. Clinical findings, diagnosis, and management strategies are outlined. Finally, several journal articles on topics related to thumb sucking are summarized in 1-3 sentences each.
This document discusses oral habits such as thumb sucking, pacifier use, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, and bruxism. It focuses on defining and classifying different types of tongue thrusting, including anterior, lateral, physiologic, habitual, functional, and anatomic tongue thrusting. The prevalence, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of both simple and complex tongue thrusting are described. Treatment involves training correct swallowing and tongue posture, using appliances to guide the tongue, and fixed or removable orthodontic appliances with cribs or spikes to restrain anterior tongue movement and retrain the swallowing pattern.
Evaluation of Neonatal Sucking: Normal, Disorganized, DysfunctionalSpecial Start
This document provides an overview of a training program on evaluating neonatal sucking patterns. It discusses the anatomy of an infant's oral cavity and the emergence of primitive oral reflexes. Normal, disorganized, and dysfunctional sucking patterns are differentiated. Factors that can interrupt normal oral development in neonatal intensive care are addressed, as are various types of dysphagia. The document also covers sensory aspects of neonatal sucking including perseveration, developing sensory aversions, and sensory-based oral feeding aversions. More information is available on the listed websites.
Teething is the process of primary teeth erupting through the gums between 5-7 months of age. While teething can cause local irritation and inflammation, there is no conclusive evidence that it leads to systemic issues like fever, diarrhea or vomiting. Teething symptoms are generally mild and self-limiting, resolving within 1-2 days with teethers, analgesics and topical teething gels. In rare cases, teething symptoms could be associated with other conditions like herpes simplex infection. Proper oral hygiene and use of approved teething aids can help relieve minor discomfort from teething.
Oral Habits play a major role in determining the growth of the face by exhibiting their effect on the dentition. Learn about these harmful habits and the ways to correct them by suitable treatment plans.
This document discusses various oral habits in children including thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, bruxism, lip biting, nail biting, and self-injurious habits. It outlines potential causes such as genetic factors, developmental anomalies, psychological stress, oral trauma, sleep habits, and parental negligence. The conclusion recommends replacing harmful habits with good ones, taking a holistic approach, and addressing parental factors to prevent dentofacial issues.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses various oral habits in children such as thumb sucking, finger sucking, pacifier use, lip biting, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing, nail biting, bruxism, and self-mutilation. It describes the potential dental effects of each habit including anterior open bite, maxillary constriction, and labial-lingual movement of the incisors. Treatment options discussed include reminder therapy, reward therapy, and appliance therapy. Common appliances mentioned are palatal cribs, tongue cribs, and the Bluegrass appliance.
Habits and its management,thumb sucking 1 /certified fixed orthodontic course...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
This document discusses oral habits including masochistic habits and bruxism. It defines masochistic habits as deliberate self-injury without intent to cause death, done to relieve distressing feelings. Common self-injuries include cutting, scratching, pinching, and head banging. Bruxism is defined as the clenching or grinding of teeth, which can cause tooth wear and damage. The document discusses causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis using electromyography, and effects of bruxism like dental damage and headaches.
This document provides an overview of the history and evolution of the field of pedodontics. It discusses how pedodontics began to emerge as a distinct field in the 1700s through pioneers like Robert Burton. It outlines the founding of important organizations over time, such as the American Society of Dentistry for Children in 1940 and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry in 1984. The document also reviews the history of pedodontics in other countries and regions, as well as its evolution in India beginning in the 1920s. Overall, the document traces how pedodontics has matured from its origins into a well-established specialty focused on comprehensive oral healthcare for children.
Use side hand grip for head control, the therapist assist lip close & jaw closer. Use straw when drinking liquid. Place food to unimpaired side. Use cold food / liquid.
Sensory and Motor Disorders of Neonatal SuckingSpecial Start
Sensory and Motor Disorders of Neonatal Sucking: Non-nutritive and Nutritive. presented by Marjorie Meyer Palmer,M.A. Neonatal/Pediatric Feeding Specialist
This document provides guidelines and exercises for preschool awareness rhymes. It includes 5 exercises to work on rhyming, jaw movement, tongue movement, silly sounds, and a closing rhyme. The exercises encourage proper posture and movement of the oral mechanism. Students are instructed to listen for rhyming words and distinguish between similar and different sounds while incorporating movement. The goal is to develop awareness of speech production and sequencing skills through rhymes and songs.
This document provides information about an upcoming Spreecast event on October 7th featuring Peter Litchfield discussing breathing physiology as a behavior. It encourages subscribers to subscribe to the Spreecast and pass invitations along to others. It provides contact emails for giving feedback and ends with a quote from T.S. Eliot about risking going too far.
This document summarizes an episode of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative" podcast from March 31, 2014. The episode features guest Barry Raphael, DMD, who discusses what responsibilities an orthodontist (RO) has. It provides instructions for interacting with the online streaming program and lists Raphael's background and credentials.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Shelley Berson on sleep disorders and treatments offered at ZZenter. The key points are:
1) Dr. Berson is board certified in ENT, sleep medicine, and allergy and founded ZZenter to provide individualized treatment using technologies like home sleep testing and non-CPAP options.
2) ZZenter evaluates and treats sleep disorders like sleep apnea, as well as related conditions like allergies, sinus issues, and TMJ that can disrupt sleep. Testing and treatment options are reviewed.
3) Maintaining healthy sleep hygiene and lifestyle habits during the day is emphasized as the foundation for a good night's sleep.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help alleviate symptoms of mental illness and boost overall mental well-being.
The document is a summary for a webinar by Dr. Barry Raphael of the Raphael Center for Integrative Orthodontics on preventing crooked teeth. It includes before and after photos showing the progression of treatment for twins where one twin was given an infant trainer and retained straight teeth while the other developed crooked teeth. The photos illustrate how crooked teeth development can be influenced by environmental factors rather than just genetics through the use of an infant trainer.
The document discusses the philosophy of osteopathy, which is that the body has an inherent ability to heal itself through a self-regulatory mechanism. It then covers various factors that can impact facial development in children, including breathing, swallowing, chewing, brain growth, and vision. Traumas and dysfunctions like birth complications, breathing issues, non-functional orthodontic treatments, and myofunctional disorders are discussed as potential etiologies for mandibular and facial development issues.
Dr. Tasha Turzo presented on the etiology of facial dysfunction. The episode, produced by Drs. Mark Cruz and Barry Raphael, focused on the origins of facial issues. Dr. Turzo has 18 years experience as an osteopathic physician and classical homeopath specializing in treating facial dysfunctions, TMD, malocclusions, and head injuries. She is a founding faculty member at the ALF Educational Institute and received degrees from the College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific and certifications in homeopathy, osteopathic cranial techniques, and Prolotherapy.
This document provides information about an episode of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative" podcast that featured Dr. Keith Thornton discussing severe obstructive sleep apnea and the neuromuscular patient. It also lists upcoming dental courses on restorative dentistry, dental sleep medicine, and airway, breathing and sleep. Contact information is provided for subscribing and providing feedback. The document ends with a quote from Martin Luther King Jr. about continuing to move forward.
Myofunctional Research Company presents Myobrace Beginner Course by Dr. Barry Raphael at the Raphael Center for Integrative Education, Clifton, New Jersey, January 2014: Part 2
A series of lectures by Dr. Barry Raphael on Airway-focused orthodontics from 2013.
Chapter 9: A summary of key concepts in Airway-focused Orthodontics
A series of lectures by Dr. Barry Raphael on Airway-focused orthodontics from 2013.
Chapter 1: An editorial look at the forces that are changing orthodontics today and how they will influence what orthodontics is to become in the 21st century.
This document discusses breathing dysfunction, sleep, and airway issues. It begins by outlining physiological norms for breathing when awake and asleep. It then describes the signs of dysfunctional breathing when awake and asleep, which include irregular and noisy breathing, mouth breathing, and higher respiration and tidal volumes. Specific comparisons are made between normal breathing and breathing in sleep apnea. The document discusses how overbreathing can be related to various diseases and conditions. It outlines nine healthy breathing habits and provides a case study example of how breathing retraining improved a patient's symptoms of sleep apnea.
Myofunctional Research Company presents Myobrace Beginner Course by Dr. Barry Raphael at the Raphael Center for Integrative Education, Clifton, New Jersey, January 2014: Part 1
A series of lectures by Dr. Barry Raphael on Airway-focused orthodontics.
Chapter 4: How the basic assumption of Maxillary Dysplasia affects diagnosis and treatment planning in Airway-focused orthodontics.
This document discusses how learned dysfunctional breathing behaviors can negatively impact physiology and psychology. Dysfunctional breathing habits that cause hypocapnia (low carbon dioxide levels) are of particular concern as they can disrupt acid-base balance and restrict oxygen delivery to tissues, potentially triggering a wide range of symptoms. Chronic hypocapnia may also have long-term health effects by altering electrolyte levels and protein folding. The document outlines specific breathing behaviors to avoid and provides examples of how hypocapnia can exacerbate existing health issues or trigger "unexplained" symptoms.
This document discusses oral habits in children. It begins by defining oral habits and classifying them in various ways, such as by whether they are functional, muscular, or postural habits. It describes factors that make a habit harmful, like duration. The document discusses the sucking reflex seen in infants and the difference between suckling and sucking. It provides details on thumb sucking habits, phases of thumb sucking, and how thumb sucking can be classified. The document also discusses theories on the origins and etiology of oral habits.
This document discusses motor, cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial development from infancy to childhood. It describes typical motor development milestones including reflexes that are present at birth and disappear at certain ages as voluntary control increases. Motor skills progress from head to toe and develop in a predictable sequence, though rates vary between children. Development is influenced both by genetic factors that determine potential and environmental factors like parenting, family dynamics, and socioeconomic status.
Growth and development /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Growth and development /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Copy of growth and development of the mandible1/certified fixed orthodontic c...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Clinical implications of growth and development /certified fixed orthodontic ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
0091-9248678078
Lecture 10:Psychological development of children Dr.Reem AlSabahAHS_student
The document discusses several key aspects of human development from a scientific perspective. It addresses the study of continuity and change over time, the multidimensional nature of development, contexts like environment and culture that influence growth. Critical periods, nature vs nurture debate, stages of development and capacities of newborns like vision, hearing, memory are examined. The complex interplay of biological and environmental factors that shape human growth is emphasized.
Growth and development of maxilla and mandible/endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Research into the human brain has expanded with new technologies like MRI. Early experiences profoundly influence brain development. Babies' brains form millions of connections dependent on the quality of interactions with caregivers. The way parents interact with and interpret an infant's facial expressions sets the scene for the child's emerging personality and emotional development, for better or worse. A lack of affection and care, as in orphanages, can negatively impact brain areas regulating emotions.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
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Temporomandibular joints presntation by dr.ushma sainiushma Saini
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) connects the mandible to the temporal bone of the skull. It is a synovial joint that allows for hinge-like opening and closing of the jaw as well as gliding and rotational movements. The TMJ contains articular discs that divide the joint cavity and aid movement. Examination of the TMJ involves assessing range of motion, palpation, and diagnostic imaging to evaluate for potential issues like disc displacement, arthritis, or injury.
Millions of people suffer from TMJ disorders in the US. Learn more about TMJ disorders, pain. In addition, learn more about a holistic and noninvasive approach to relieving pain associated with TMJ disorders.
Seminar - Growth and Development and theories of growthMMCDSR , Haryana
Growth and development are complex processes involving both quantitative and qualitative changes over time. Growth refers mainly to increases in size, while development involves increasing organization and complexity of structures and functions. Several theories attempt to explain the patterns and mechanisms of growth, including concepts of growth fields, drift, and remodeling. Understanding the genetic influences and multiple factors that can affect growth timing and rates is important for orthodontic treatment planning.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
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The document provides five tips for managing pediatric dental anxiety: (1) providing information to the child about what to expect, (2) teaching relaxation techniques, (3) using distraction, (4) providing positive reinforcement, and (5) involving parents. Dental anxiety is common in children and can interfere with dental care, so it is important for dentists to consider behavioral strategies to help manage anxious children. Using these tips can help dental appointments go more smoothly and allow children to complete needed treatment.
This document discusses Moss's functional matrix theory of craniofacial growth. Some key points:
- Moss argues soft tissues (functional matrices) drive skeletal growth rather than vice versa. Growth of the functional matrix is primary, skeletal growth secondary and compensatory.
- There are two types of functional matrices: periosteal (muscles) and capsular (masses and spaces enclosed in capsules). Periosteal matrices affect microskeletal units while capsular matrices affect the overall skeletal unit through passive growth/translation.
- The neurocranial and orofacial capsules surround functional components. Expansion of the capsular matrix (e.g. brain) causes secondary expansion of the
Influence of orofacial functions on development of face and occlusionmohammed alawdi
1) Orofacial functions like sucking and swallowing influence facial and dental development. Abnormal or prolonged functions can cause malocclusions.
2) Common orofacial habits in children include thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, and mouth breathing. These habits can result in open bites, protruded teeth, and narrow arches.
3) Treatment depends on the child's age and severity of the malocclusion. Younger children may need reminder therapy while older children may require appliances to correct positioning and arch constriction.
This document provides information about multiple episodes of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative", a podcast produced by Drs. Mark A. Cruz and Barry Raphael. It lists the episode numbers, dates, guest speakers, and brief episode titles for over 50 past episodes dating back to January 2014. The episodes discuss various topics related to airway dentistry, sleep, breathing, orthodontics, posture, and interdisciplinary collaboration between dental and medical professionals.
This document discusses respiratory and breathing physiology. It provides an overview of evaluating upper airway function, including tests like HRPO, pharyngometry, rhinometry, and CBCT. It also discusses treating conditions like UARS, LPR, and OSA with therapies like CPAP, OAT, MMA, and MFT. The document lists potential medical sequelae that can result from untreated airway and breathing issues, such as bruxism, anxiety, depression, fatigue, nocturia, hypertension, cognitive impairment, reflux, cough, asthma, mood swings, infertility, and more.
This document discusses airway and facial development, evolution, and how environmental stressors can lead to unintended physiological consequences and compromises. It explores the difference between competencies developed through genetic evolution and design, and compensations developed through environmental influences and stress, which can result in secondary dysfunctions. Specifically, it examines how competent behaviors and functions in children can be replaced by compensatory parafunctions due to environmental factors like mouth breathing, which can ultimately lead to malocclusions and other structural asymmetries if left unaddressed.
This document announces an upcoming webinar titled "Current Topics in Airway Dentistry" hosted by The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative on June 13, 2016 at 9:30 EST. The webinar will be produced by Dr. Mark A. Cruz and Dr. Barry Raphael and will discuss evolution, Darwinian dentistry, competencies, stressors, physiology, and consequences as they relate to airway dentistry.
This document provides a brief history of myofunctional orthodontics, listing important contributors from 1850 to present day. It focuses on two pioneers: Wilhelm Roux, a German anatomist in the late 19th century who first conceptualized "Functional Orthopedics"; and Alfred P. Rogers, an orthodontist in the early 20th century who advocated total-child treatment including muscular exercises to improve posture and breathing. The document presents several of Rogers' publications from 1918-1926 where he emphasized the importance of muscle training and exercises alone in orthodontic treatment.
This document discusses bringing together different approaches to orthodontics that consider airway health, including Rogers MewAngleCrozat, myofunctional orthotropics, fixed appliances, and lightwire/cranial techniques. It advocates for interdisciplinary collaboration between orthodontics and other medical fields like pediatrics, musculo-skeletal medicine, and more to implement airway-conscious treatment protocols, improve diagnostics, and raise awareness of airway health issues. The goal is improved patient outcomes through validated multi-system diagnoses and addressing the epidemiology of airway problems.
The document announces upcoming events on airway orthodontics and a new collaborative medical/dental care model. It provides information on upcoming spreecasts and mini-residency courses on airway assessment, causes of airway dysfunctions, treatment, and practice. It also includes a call for participants in a white flag initiative and invites people to subscribe to updates, provide feedback, and share invitations with others. It closes with a parting quote about evidence-based practice and the need for ongoing curiosity and discourse.
This document discusses orthodontics and airway issues. It mentions that three orthodontists who attended an AARD meeting were curious about airway problems after one mentioned speakers on health and airway journeys. The friend spent two days promoting airway awareness and ALF programs, hoping other practitioners would understand the problems and solutions. The friend suggests crafting a vision for what they hope to achieve.
The document also lists researchers and outlines a research protocol studying the relationship between malocclusions, orofacial dysfunctions, and space conditions in primary and mixed dentition.
This email from a friend discusses a presentation they saw that focused on mandibular advancement for correcting malocclusions. The friend critiques the presentation for overlooking important factors like tongue position and swallowing pattern. They believe the actual problem in the cases was a low resting tongue level caused by issues like tongue tie or bottle feeding rather than mandibular position. Correcting mandibular position without addressing the underlying tongue issues risks open bite recurrence and TMJ problems later in life. The friend argues the study design did not fully consider all impactful information needed to accurately reflect what was occurring.
This document summarizes an episode of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative" podcast. The episode features Darick Nordstrom discussing the power of proper facial development. Nordstrom is a dentist from a rural practice who studied osteopathy and developed several appliance designs. He focuses on empowering practitioner teams through airway, sleep, and facial development techniques. The podcast is produced by Drs. Mark Cruz and Barry Raphael and covers topics related to the evolution of dentistry and its impact on facial development and physiology.
The document announces an upcoming Spreecast event on April 25th featuring Mark Cruz and a guest discussing a new medical/dental care collaborative model. It also advertises upcoming airway mini-residencies on the east and west coast in June 2016 that will cover assessment, causes, treatment, and practice of airway-related dysfunctions. Finally, it provides parting words questioning the concept of evidence-based practice and calls for more curiosity and discourse on what remains unknown.
This document summarizes an upcoming webinar titled "Pat McBride: Reading the PSG and The DDS/MD Collaboration" hosted by The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative on March 28, 2016. The webinar will feature Pat McBride discussing how to read polysomnography reports and the collaboration between dentists and medical doctors. It provides details on McBride's background and experience in dental and sleep medicine. The webinar producers are listed as Dr. Mark A. Cruz and Dr. Barry Raphael.
The document contains announcements for upcoming events including a Spreecast on April 11th with Darick Nordstrom discussing stabilizing orthodontic patients and an event on April 25th with Mark Cruz on multidisciplinary wellness collaboratives. It also lists information on an airway mini-residency in June 2016 and a call for participants in the AAPMD White Flag initiative. Contact information is provided to subscribe, give feedback, and find out more information on the listed events and programs.
This document discusses sleep scoring and interpretation. It begins by introducing the speaker and their background and disclosures in the field of sleep medicine. It then covers the basics of how sleep studies are scored, including scoring sleep stages, respiratory events, arousals, and periodic limb movements. It discusses the specifics of what is involved in scoring each of these components and provides examples. The document raises some issues that can arise in testing and reporting, and how failures in the system can negatively impact patients. It advocates for partnership between sleep professionals to better understand sleep disorders.
This document provides information about an upcoming episode of "The Airway and Facial Development Collaborative" podcast hosted by Drs. Mark Cruz and Barry Raphael. The episode scheduled for March 14th at 9:30 EST will focus on the legacy of James Garry and his contributions to the fields of dental occlusion and craniomandibular disorders. It will feature guests Clayton Chan and Ron Reeves discussing their history working with and being mentored by James Garry.
Clayton and Ron are thanked for something. An announcement is made about an upcoming webinar on March 28th with Pat McBride about working with medical offices. Another webinar is announced for April 11th with Mark Cruz on multidisciplinary wellness collaboratives. Information is provided about an upcoming airway mini-residency in June on both coasts covering assessment, causes, treatment, and practice regarding airway-related dysfunctions. Contact information is given for Darick Nordstrom and the AAPMD website. A call for participants is made for an AAPMD white flag initiative for orthodontists and others. Instructions are given to subscribe and pass invitations to others. Feedback can be provided to
James F. Garry was considered the "Einstein of Dentistry" for his pioneering work in upper airway obstruction, upper airway deformities, and craniomandibular disorders. He helped develop technologies like the Nuk pacifier and aspirator. Garry was inspired by Dr. Bernard Jankelson, the father of neuromuscular dentistry, and began incorporating neuromuscular techniques after seeing their success in treating his sister's pain. Garry was a leader in the field who published extensively, lectured worldwide, and held many positions in professional organizations throughout his career.
The document announces upcoming events including a Spreecast on Dr. James Garry on March 14th and a talk by Pat McBride on working with medical offices on March 28th. It also advertises East and West Coast airway mini-residencies in June 2016 and the AAPMD White Flag conference in Tucson in September. It provides contact information for the events and asks readers to subscribe, pass on invitations, and provide feedback. It closes with a quote about arguing and listening.
More from The Raphael Center for Integrative Education (20)
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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1. I am an osteopathic physician and what is that?? Well it start with a man named AT Still was an MD
born in 1828 and lived in Missouri. At that the medicine we had was considered crude and
included blood letting and giving small doses of poisons. Antibiotics were not discovered yet. Dr.
Still had lost many of his family members to various illness and he began to question what was
missing in his medical training. AT Still was also trained as an engineer and a minister. He began
to look at the human body from his mechanical perspective and saw that it’s a whole functioning
unit with the individual parts forming in a specific shape to create a specific function. Like a bridge
has a specific form to hold the function of carrying cars across. So when a pateint had pneumonia
he started assessing rib movement under the theory that the structure/function of the ribs are
related to the function of the lungs. He began to get fabulous results with his patients. He named
the method of which he treated the body with his hands Osteopathy and began the first school in
1892. Talk about Upledger teaching out of Michigan State Univeristy started “cranio sacral
therapy” in 1983. Talk about difference
2. Philosophy of
Osteopathy
Body is a functioning unit.
The body possess a self regulatory
mechanism, having the inherent capacity to
heal itself.
Structure and Function are reciprocally
interrelated.
3. As The Twig Bends
The Tree Grows
AT Still said “as the twig bends the tree grow.” So when treating
children we are looking at the forces that bend the little twig.
Dysfunctional breathing, swallowing, chewing, birth injuries,
childhood falls are just a few of the dysfunctions. The body will
contort itself to breath and be well oxygenated. Just like a plant will
bend and grow towards the light.
4. (1)We have talked about the development of the cranium and face
from embryo into adulthood and we have a sense of some of the
dynamics that play a part in growth. Joy has introduced us to some of
the myofunctional components that affect growth. We have been
introduced to the ideas and palpatory feel of the importance of the
swallow. Now we are going to talk more about some of the influences
that can affect facial growth.
5. (37) Paloma before side view. It’s and underdeveloped maxilla. Talk
about what the traditional treatment is.
6. (38)Paloma (11-07) present cases from Jim of under bite. This is an
example of an underdeveloped mandible. Causes genetic, mandible
from german father and maxilla from asian mother. Fluid field lesion
in maxilla. Restriction to anterior growth of the middle face or
anterior cranial fossa, trauma to forehead, or nose, or maxilla
9. T
eam Approach to Facial
Development
Team approach.... it’s takes a village to raise a child... many of us
have had this experience. It also takes a team of a functional dentist,
osteopath and myofunctional therapist to most efficient treat facial
dysfunction's.
10. Dr. Darick Norstrom... tell story of the ALF. How it was created and intended to be used. What do the osteopath do.... remove obstacles... soften the
tissue so the appliance can work in the dentist most predictable ways. Diagnosis and treat underlying issues such as pelvic asymmetries, cervical
somatic dysfunction's. Also assure that the adjustments are biocompatible with the patient.
(21) Darick and I treating-Teamwork. We are using the ALF to enhancing and stimulate growth of the face which is also augmenting inherent motion.
Coming from the parts for a dentist would be simply looking at teeth and how they are aligned in relationship to each other. Looking at the disease in a
tooth and not assessing the movement of the soft tissue in the mouth. Not taking into account the dynamic movement of the TMJ or the functioning of
the swallow or an assessment of breathing or the asymmetries of the face or the birth and trauma histories to the head.
To come from the part for an Osteopath is the treat the body without awareness and skill to assess the motions created by the teeth coming together in
occlusion and its affect on the whole body. Coming from the part for an osteopath would be to be aware of the somatic dysfunction in the neck and not to
check how the bite plays into the dysfunction or not. To be aware of cranial somatic dysfunctions and not to see how the occlusion plays a part of the
dysfunction.
The Osteopath needs to have the skills to look into the mouth and put together what they see in the mouth with what they feel. We can learn how to
describe what we feel to dentist. We can learn how to evaluate swallow and breathing and feel the affects on the palate and the whole. We can learn
how to feel individual teeth and treat them.
Dentist could develop basic palpatory skills that would give them more feedback about the forces that are being introduced into the palate and cranium.
By having the skills to assess the dynamics soft tissue movements the dentist will have a wider understanding of why a particular force introduced onto
the teeth will create a certain responds.
11. Myofunctional Therapy
(24) Myofunctional therapy- Talk about value of working with a
functional facial specialist. Example of Gabriel and father-finishing
the case. Talk about Michaela
12. Natures Intent
(2) We start with always looking at the health. We must have an intimate relationship with Health, Nature to
be able to feel, see, and sense dysfunction. We can only heal from our health, from what is working. So we
started by studying embryology to look at what is Natures intent in terms of the human structure and
function. We study embryology to see and understand natures intent. As osteopaths and functional dentist
we are interested in the process of nature unfolding as seen in growth and development. We need to be able
to see, sense and touch this Health that we work with not only our patient but everywhere in life.
13. Talk about why study the formative forces. The formative forces also
called embryonic functional growth movements are present at birth
and continue to grow a human being. This is what we call inherent
motion. If we develop a close relationship with the embryonic growth
movements we can feel them present and working in a biodynamic
process creating structure and health. If we want to input a force into
the human being it will be most effective if it stimulates inherent
motion. That is to say we would like to augment the embryonic
growth forces to help stimulate growth in a child and an adult.
15. Any insult that disrupts normal growth and development causes facial dysfunction. So, what grows a face? It’s the
interaction between forma dn fucntion again. So the functions of the face including breathing, swallowing, chewing, vision
that grows a face.
(8)Illustrated here, is a neonatal skull enlarged to the same size as a fully grown one. The child face is not merely a
miniature of the adult. Rather, progressive facial enlargement is a “differential” developmental process in which each of
the many component parts mature earlier or later than the others, to different extent in different rates. Here are some
examples, the baby’s face grows out form under the brain. Structures must grow proportionally more and for a longer
period of time the further they are from the neurocranium. Therefore, growth of the mandible begins later and continues
longer than midfacial or orbital development. We also see here that the infant and young child are characterized by a
wide-appearing face which is because of the broad basicranium template, but the face otherwise is vertically short. This is
because the nasal and oral regions are yet diminutive, matching the smallish body and pulmonary parts and with
masticatory development in transition. We see that the face growth predominates in the vertical and horizontal. We see
that the orbits do not change dramatically in size but the mandible does. Most of development occurs in the nasomaxillary
complex and the mandible. The nasomaxillary complex includes the nasal, maxillary, palatines, ptyergoid plates, and
zygoma.
16. Dynamics that
Develop the Face
• Brain Growth
• Swallow
• Breathing
• Chewing
• Vision
(10)now lets talk about dynamic of growth. The functions are what mostly grow a face (hearing, vision,
smell). The functions come in this order.. breathing, swallow and chewing
17. (13) One very influencial cranial growth that affects the face is the growth of the anterior cranial fossa. The
nasomaxillary complex is suspended from the anterior cranial fossa, and the width of the facial airway, the
configuration of the palate and maxillary arch, and the placement of all these parts are influenced by the
length and width of the anterior cranial fossa.
18. Swallowing
(23)sucking and swallow begin in utero but interestingly the swallow that developed in utero is different than
the swallow of a older child and adult and this transition (as we heard from Joy) is vitally important to growth
and development not only of the face but of the cervical, thoracic lumbar and pelvic region. Let’s look more
closely are an infants swallow.
19. Infantile
Swallow
(24)The infantile swallow is characterized by the tongue held between the gum pads while
swallow is completed. The mandible is stabilized by the facial mm (Seventh cranial nerve)
and the interposed tongue. The swallow is initiated by sensory contact of the tongue with
the lips.
20. Mature
Swallow
(26)The characteristic features of the mature swallow are; (1) the teeth are
together with swallow; (2) the mandible is stabilized by the contractions of the
fifth cranial nerve muscles; (3) the tongue tip is held against the palate above
and behind the incisors; and (4) minimal contractions of the lips are seen during
the swallow. (Handbook of Facial Growth p.379) Stabilization by the first molars.
So we have an understanding of the importance of the tongue movement, this
will help create a wide palate. Also, a functional bite will stimulate growth and
functional contractions of the mm of mastication.
21. (29) Here we see the soft palate and again note the proximity of the soft palate to not only the SBS but the
sella turcica which is also dependent on movement for the excretion of it’s hormones. Swallow creates the
augmentation of the motion in the cranium. When the tongue doesn’t contact the palate functionally we do
not get the most efficient draining of the sinuses and the middle ear. We will talk about more about this
later. The function of swallow is a basic driving force for the growth and development of the middle face.
22. (21)pg 104, Again this is the connection between the occiput and the sphenoid the SBS which is dependent
on compression-decompression forces to stimulate growth. It is a cartilaginous structure. Feel with hands
around mastoid process and on vertex. Bite and feel pressure expand on the vertex after biting down. Then
feel swallow and feel pressure on the vertex when swallow. Now that we have a clear understanding that the
cranial base gives the perimeter for facial growth let’s talk about the functions or dynamic that play another
vital role in facial development.
23. Breathing
(30)So we understand that swallowing is a primary function that develops the middle face and maxillary arch.
Let’s look at another function that also helps to develop the middle face. Breathing. It has been said by many
sages that proper breathing is the most fundamental contribution to health. Not only is it vital to life itself
but it plays a very important role in facial development.
24. Breathing
Breathing as we saw with the embryological development of the diaphragm and
watched the function of breathing begin we see that a structure was domed then
flattened. There is a pressure change form on closed area to another. The lower the
thoracic pressure is the greater the amount of air comes into the lungs. Breathing is
thee creation of empty space in the chest. It is also this pressure gradient created
throughout the body that is the driving force for venous and lymphatic return.
Experience tongue down which open the TMJ a little. Put hand on chest. Now take a
deep breath. Notice thoracic diaphragm excursion, notice post pharyngeal space and
pelvic diaphragm. Now tongue is up and take a deep breath. Any restriction to these
structures that create a piston like action will affect airway and thus facial
development.
26. Mastication
(46) Chewing is the not a function that come into play until the
development of teeth. It is the main function that stimulates the
vertical growth of the mandible and the face.
27. (47) mandible comparison. The mandibular ramus lengthens giving vertical height
which also brings mandible forward and widens arch which increases oral volume.
Can also image that between the two rami houses the oral pharyngeal space and we
can see that as we get widening and lengthening of the mandible we are also
increasing the oral volume and the pharyngeal volume for increase food bolus and
airway increase to adapt to increasing body mass.
28. Mandibular Changes
(48)Here we see the change in the angle of the mandible as we grow. (Masticatory
musculature is proportionately sized and shaped to progressively match increasing
function and to interplay developmentally with the ramus.) Studies have shown that a
molar contact stimulate mandibular growth as well as a hard food diet. Increasing
the angle gives vertical height and contributes to more oral volume. Soft diet
decreases ht of mandible, decreases angle and creates more porous, softer bone,
there is also less water in the cartilage. Soft diet has also been associated by
malocculsions. The less stimulation and use of the joint the increase in bone turn
over...leads to question of management of mandibular fractures. Function is
intimately related with mandibular growth (incisor contact stimulates growth).
Research also showed that mastication has to be balanced bilaterally. When a change
in the bite on one side occurs it caused a elongation of the mandible on the other
side.
29. Etiology
• Trauma
• Breathing dysfunction
• Non-functional Orthodontic treatment
• Myofunctional dysfunctions
• Dysfunctional occlusions
• Nutritional Deficiencies
• Sleep positions
(2)Any influence which affects growth and development could also
create facial dysfunction. Others not mentioned here are
neurodevelopmental issues, nutritional deficiencies
30. Epidural Births
(3)Birth trauma is very common and easily overlooked. This is very important for the
dentist to know and to know what questions to ask about birth to assess who needs a
referral to the osteopath. Any epidural/pitocin birth is considered to be a traumatic
birth. When there is extraneous forces that is pushing on the babies head without the
mothers natural feedback system in place because of the eipdural....there is a
disconnect. All babies would benefit from treatment after birth. I think this is one
reason why we are seeing more facial dysfunction and occlusion issues in younger
children.
31. First Breath
(16)First breath is so important. It is the ignition that turns on the engine and
coordinates the diaphragms. It lights the spark that is the potency. See
diaphragmatic somtic dysfunction that is associated with facial dysfunctions. If the
diaphragm doesn’t ascend and descend in an unimpeded motion there can be
restrictions thru the central tendon of the diaphragm to the sternum to the infra hyoid
mm and to mandible.
32. Mouth
Breathing
(19) The buccinator mm overactive because it lacks the normal counter pressure of
the tongue’s lateral pressure during swallow. The buccinator mm is a thin flat mm
that aids in mastication by pressing the checks against the teeth during chewing.
This pushes the food against the occlusal surface of the teeth. It is used when
sucking by forcing the cheeks against the molars. To feel place fingers under
zygomatic arch and suck cheeks in. Also the orbicularis mm is a sphinter around the
mouth. It’s fibers are continuous with the buccinator mm. It closes the mouth,
purses the lips (whistling and sucking) and plays a role in speech and chewing. It
works with the buccinator to hold food on the teeth for chewing.
33. Cross Bite
• Under developed maxilla
resulting in a cross bite.
(20)Because of lack of stimulation to palate, it is underdeveloped.
This may create a cross bite where the upper maxila fits inside the
lower jaw.
34. Nursing
(4)Nursing. Important to ask how was nursing. It gives us the first clue of the
organization of the oral region and how traumatic birth was. Of course, nursing
issues could also be positional for mother or milk supply issues. That is to say there
are many causes for difficulty nursing and a consultation with a Leletch League could
be helpful. It is very important to start this first suck and swallow experience with a
well organized and functional swallow. We also remember that this is one the main
ways newborns release and work thru cranial and facial trauma from birth. The other
ways include crying and yawning which are both natural release to the pharyngeal
area which attaches to base of the occiput.
35. Birth T
rauma
(5)We talk about condylar compression affecting the 9,10, 11 and 12 cranial nerves.
As we know this affects the coordination of swallow thru the hypoglossal nerve
affecting the coordination of the tongue for suck and swallow and the
glossopharyngeal nerve affecting swallow. Another lesion to be aware of is an
extension lesion at C-1. We see this often. This lesion tend to tilt head backwards
which decreases airway. This also tend to bring the mandible back along with the
tongue because the tongue follows the mandible. From this compressed position the
reflex towards health is for the tongue to push forward and downwards on the
mandible in attempt to open airway and increase oral volume. This tends to create a
division 2 class1 obtuse angle cases.. They can be difficult to treat and we can see
congestion adenoidal and tonsil congestion. Help to widen maxilla with upper ALF.
36. Chin T
rauma
(8)fall on chin create TMD, Talk about treatment of fracture, any fall
on head could affect the dynamic motion of the soft tissues.
Compression into the condyle can cause growth lesion. These are not
that uncommon
37. Whiplash
(9)it is not uncommon for people to have jaw pain after a whip lash
injury. Remember that the mandible is also suspended from the
sphenoid by the sphenoid mandibular ligament and from the temporal
by the hyoidmandibular lig.
38. Hyoid Strain
(10) Talk about chin trauma and affect on hyoid region. Why hyoid
needs to be supple with full range of motion. Hyoid dysfunctional
swallow is head forward and then up just like how hyoid needs to
move to pass bolus. Head back during swallow is ass with weak
posterior pharynx muscles.
40. Finger Sucking
(27)thumb sucking is common. Infantile anterior swallow as well as bringing
premaxilla forward. Yes, can be an attempt to treat cranialfacial birth trauma. Case
of one time treatment and child stopped sucking. Can also become a habit and lead
to TMJ, assymetrical growth of thecondyle. Send to myofunctional therapist.
42. Open Bite
(43) anterior tongue thrust. common occlusion for relapse after
traditional ortho secondary to being primarily a myofunctional
dysfunctional habit. The first molars are hyperextruded and the
premaxilla is in external rotation or internal rotation? It is flared
open.
43. Stimulation of Mandibular Growth
(51) Muscles of Mastication are the temporalis and masseter and med. pterygoid and lateral pterygoids. They
all close the mandible except the lateral pterygoid. Mandibular cartilage on the condyles plays two functions
one endochondral growth area and support for joint function. The cartilage is composed of fibrocartilage
which plays function in weight bearing and a hyaline cartilage which mainly participates in endochondral
ossification and mandibular growth. Research has shown that these cartilages respond to mechanical forces
which stimulate growth. The condylar cartilage is one the most imp growing site in the mandible (the ramus
being the other), it is responsible for the final length which gives us our vertical ht. The mandibular condylar
cartilage originates from bone membrane during embrogenesis as opposed to typical epiphysiary cartilage
which comes from the chondro-skeleton. It is considered a secondary cartilage which gives a greater
adapability to the joint in terms of stimulating not only the direction of growth but also the amount. With
primary cartilage of the long bone the stimulation to growth is limited to direction and not amount. Bone
growth can continue until at least the end of the 3rd decade...more research needed.
44. (53)Lateral pterygoid mm with the infrahyoid and suprahyoid mm open the mandible.
Another important point for growth and development is the health of the TMJ disc.
The disc is avascular and what diffuses nutrition to this structure is compression and
decompression, which is the function of the joint. So we see again that function
supports the development of the structure. The lateral pterygoid attaches directly
onto the disc. It’s important that this muscle is soft and pliable.
46. Braces
(24)When a tranditional orthodontic assess a patient for ortho treatment. A structural
exam of the whole body is not part of the traditional learned process. Therefore if
there is any rotaion at the base of the head at the level of the OA, any head tilting is
not incorporated into the treatment plan. Dentin is the hardest substance in the
body, harder than bone. Main point they decrease oral volume.
47. Palate Expander
(25)Palate expanders do not symetrically widen the maxilla, rapid expansion causes
asymertical growth of the septum, affect the most powerful orthodonics appliance
from doing it’s work--the tongue. Also with retainer that cover the palate inhibit
tongue affect on the palate. Remember the importance of what swallow does-causing pressure changes on the base and augmentation of the CSF
48. Birth History
• tell me about your child’s birth
• epidural and/or pitocin
• forceps or vacuum extraction
• how much molding and describe where
• any trouble nursing
• colicky baby
50. picture of 6-7 year old
(63) The children are the inspiration. We need to learn more about
facial dysfunction to help these children grow into their greatest
potential. They are the being of our future.