Economic growth of around 7½% makes India the fastest-growing G20 economy. The acceleration of structural reforms, the move towards a rule-based policy framework and low commodity prices have provided a strong growth impetus.
Portugal has undertaken an ambitious structural reform programme since 2011. Reforms have spanned across a wide range of policy areas, product markets, labour markets, taxes, regulations and the public sector.
Economic growth of around 7½% makes India the fastest-growing G20 economy. The acceleration of structural reforms, the move towards a rule-based policy framework and low commodity prices have provided a strong growth impetus.
Portugal has undertaken an ambitious structural reform programme since 2011. Reforms have spanned across a wide range of policy areas, product markets, labour markets, taxes, regulations and the public sector.
Since 2000, the quality of life of Colombians has improved markedly. Macroeconomic and social policies have sustained strong GDP growth and reduced poverty.
Luxembourg is an advanced economy with the highest per capita income in the OECD, reflecting the dynamic services sector, notably in banking and other financial services.
Sweden's output has been lifted by an expanding labour force, investment and a recent pick-up in productivity.Unemployment is receding, although it remains relatively high for vulnerable groups, notably the foreign-born.
Italy is recovering after a deep and long
recession. Structural reforms, accommodative
monetary and fiscal conditions, and low
commodity prices have helped the economy to turn
the corner.
Since 2000, the quality of life of Colombians has improved markedly. Macroeconomic and social policies have sustained strong GDP growth and reduced poverty.
Luxembourg is an advanced economy with the highest per capita income in the OECD, reflecting the dynamic services sector, notably in banking and other financial services.
Sweden's output has been lifted by an expanding labour force, investment and a recent pick-up in productivity.Unemployment is receding, although it remains relatively high for vulnerable groups, notably the foreign-born.
Italy is recovering after a deep and long
recession. Structural reforms, accommodative
monetary and fiscal conditions, and low
commodity prices have helped the economy to turn
the corner.
OECD Skills Outlook Global Launch - Skills and Global Value ChainsEduSkills OECD
Since the 1990s, the world has entered a new phase of globalisation. Information and communication technology, trade liberalisation and lower transport costs have enabled firms and countries to fragment the production process into global value chains (GVCs). Many products are now designed in one country and assembled in another country from parts manufactured in several countries. Thirty percent of the value of exports of OECD countries comes from abroad. In this new context, GVCs and skills are more closely interrelated than ever. Skills play a key role in determining countries’ comparative advantages in GVCs. A lot of the opportunities and challenges brought about by GVCs are being affected by countries’ skills.
The OECD Skills Outlook 2017 shows how countries can make the most of global value chains, socially and economically, by investing in the skills of their populations. Applying a “whole of government” approach is crucial. Countries need to develop a consistent set of skills-related policies such as education, employment protection legislation, and migration policies, in coordination with trade and innovation policies. This report presents new analyses based on the Survey of Adult Skills and the Trade in Value Added Database. It also explains what countries would need to do to specialise in technologically advanced industries.
Boosting private investment for growth and competitiveness in Argentina. A view from the OECD
OECD EMnet Business Meeting on Latin America
Buenos Aires, 14 November 2017
SMEs as key actors for economic resilience, productivity and inclusiveness - ...OECD CFE
Sandrine Kergroach, Senior Economist, SME and Entrepreneurship Division, OECD Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities at the OECD Conference on SMEs and the Urban Fabric, 15-16 April 2019, OECD Trento Centre, Italy.
Full event info: https://oe.cd/SMEs-Cities
This presentation by Fernando Mistura was made at the session "Integrating ASEAN firms into global value chains through investment" during the 2nd ASEAN-OECD Investment Policy Conference held on 10-11 December 2014.
Find out more at: http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/investment-policy/2014-asean-oecd-investment-policy-conference.htm
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
Latino Buying Power - May 2024 Presentation for Latino CaucusDanay Escanaverino
Unlock the potential of Latino Buying Power with this in-depth SlideShare presentation. Explore how the Latino consumer market is transforming the American economy, driven by their significant buying power, entrepreneurial contributions, and growing influence across various sectors.
**Key Sections Covered:**
1. **Economic Impact:** Understand the profound economic impact of Latino consumers on the U.S. economy. Discover how their increasing purchasing power is fueling growth in key industries and contributing to national economic prosperity.
2. **Buying Power:** Dive into detailed analyses of Latino buying power, including its growth trends, key drivers, and projections for the future. Learn how this influential group’s spending habits are shaping market dynamics and creating opportunities for businesses.
3. **Entrepreneurial Contributions:** Explore the entrepreneurial spirit within the Latino community. Examine how Latino-owned businesses are thriving and contributing to job creation, innovation, and economic diversification.
4. **Workforce Statistics:** Gain insights into the role of Latino workers in the American labor market. Review statistics on employment rates, occupational distribution, and the economic contributions of Latino professionals across various industries.
5. **Media Consumption:** Understand the media consumption habits of Latino audiences. Discover their preferences for digital platforms, television, radio, and social media. Learn how these consumption patterns are influencing advertising strategies and media content.
6. **Education:** Examine the educational achievements and challenges within the Latino community. Review statistics on enrollment, graduation rates, and fields of study. Understand the implications of education on economic mobility and workforce readiness.
7. **Home Ownership:** Explore trends in Latino home ownership. Understand the factors driving home buying decisions, the challenges faced by Latino homeowners, and the impact of home ownership on community stability and economic growth.
This SlideShare provides valuable insights for marketers, business owners, policymakers, and anyone interested in the economic influence of the Latino community. By understanding the various facets of Latino buying power, you can effectively engage with this dynamic and growing market segment.
Equip yourself with the knowledge to leverage Latino buying power, tap into their entrepreneurial spirit, and connect with their unique cultural and consumer preferences. Drive your business success by embracing the economic potential of Latino consumers.
**Keywords:** Latino buying power, economic impact, entrepreneurial contributions, workforce statistics, media consumption, education, home ownership, Latino market, Hispanic buying power, Latino purchasing power.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Resume
• Real GDP growth slowed down due to problems with access to electricity caused by the destruction of manoeuvrable electricity generation by Russian drones and missiles.
• Exports and imports continued growing due to better logistics through the Ukrainian sea corridor and road. Polish farmers and drivers stopped blocking borders at the end of April.
• In April, both the Tax and Customs Services over-executed the revenue plan. Moreover, the NBU transferred twice the planned profit to the budget.
• The European side approved the Ukraine Plan, which the government adopted to determine indicators for the Ukraine Facility. That approval will allow Ukraine to receive a EUR 1.9 bn loan from the EU in May. At the same time, the EU provided Ukraine with a EUR 1.5 bn loan in April, as the government fulfilled five indicators under the Ukraine Plan.
• The USA has finally approved an aid package for Ukraine, which includes USD 7.8 bn of budget support; however, the conditions and timing of the assistance are still unknown.
• As in March, annual consumer inflation amounted to 3.2% yoy in April.
• At the April monetary policy meeting, the NBU again reduced the key policy rate from 14.5% to 13.5% per annum.
• Over the past four weeks, the hryvnia exchange rate has stabilized in the UAH 39-40 per USD range.
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024 - Ricerca sulle Startup e il Sistema dell'Innov...Quotidiano Piemontese
Turin Startup Ecosystem 2024
Una ricerca de il Club degli Investitori, in collaborazione con ToTeM Torino Tech Map e con il supporto della ESCP Business School e di Growth Capital
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
NO1 Uk Divorce problem uk all amil baba in karachi,lahore,pakistan talaq ka m...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can I sell my pi coins for cash in a pi APPDOT TECH
You can't sell your pi coins in the pi network app. because it is not listed yet on any exchange.
The only way you can sell is by trading your pi coins with an investor (a person looking forward to hold massive amounts of pi coins before mainnet launch) .
You don't need to meet the investor directly all the trades are done with a pi vendor/merchant (a person that buys the pi coins from miners and resell it to investors)
I Will leave The telegram contact of my personal pi vendor, if you are finding a legitimate one.
@Pi_vendor_247
#pi network
#pi coins
#money
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview.pptxmarketing367770
USDA Loans in California: A Comprehensive Overview
If you're dreaming of owning a home in California's rural or suburban areas, a USDA loan might be the perfect solution. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers these loans to help low-to-moderate-income individuals and families achieve homeownership.
Key Features of USDA Loans:
Zero Down Payment: USDA loans require no down payment, making homeownership more accessible.
Competitive Interest Rates: These loans often come with lower interest rates compared to conventional loans.
Flexible Credit Requirements: USDA loans have more lenient credit score requirements, helping those with less-than-perfect credit.
Guaranteed Loan Program: The USDA guarantees a portion of the loan, reducing risk for lenders and expanding borrowing options.
Eligibility Criteria:
Location: The property must be located in a USDA-designated rural or suburban area. Many areas in California qualify.
Income Limits: Applicants must meet income guidelines, which vary by region and household size.
Primary Residence: The home must be used as the borrower's primary residence.
Application Process:
Find a USDA-Approved Lender: Not all lenders offer USDA loans, so it's essential to choose one approved by the USDA.
Pre-Qualification: Determine your eligibility and the amount you can borrow.
Property Search: Look for properties in eligible rural or suburban areas.
Loan Application: Submit your application, including financial and personal information.
Processing and Approval: The lender and USDA will review your application. If approved, you can proceed to closing.
USDA loans are an excellent option for those looking to buy a home in California's rural and suburban areas. With no down payment and flexible requirements, these loans make homeownership more attainable for many families. Explore your eligibility today and take the first step toward owning your dream home.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
2. 2
Growth remained strong despite headwinds
Source: OECD (2016), OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections (database).
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Annual GDP growth in %Annual GDP growth in %
3. 3
Growth is increasingly inclusive
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute.
1. Employment rate in % of population with less than upper secondary education
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Low-skilled employment¹
Men Women
4. 4
Income inequality has declined
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute.
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
Poorest 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Richest
%%
Equivalised disposable income deciles
Income convergence
Growth of real average disposable incomes, 2007-13
5. 5
The external imbalance remains large
Source: OECD (2016), OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections (database)
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
% of GDP% of GDP
Current account balance
6. 6
Well-being can be further improved
Source: OECD (2016), OECD Better Life Index, www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Income
Jobs
Housing
Work-life balance
Community
EducationEnvironment
Civic engagement
Health
Life satisfaction
Safety
Turkey
Low income OECD¹
High income OECD²
1. Lower third of OECD countries, other than Turkey, in terms of GDP per capita : CZE, SVN, PRT, SVK, EST, GRC,
HUN, POL, CHL and MEX
2. Upper third of OECD countries in terms of GDP per capita : LUX, NOR, CHE, USA, IRL, NLD, AUT, DNK, SWE,
DEU and AUS
7. 7
Inflation remains too high
Source: OECD (2016), OECD Economic Outlook: Statistics and Projections (database); Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Jan-12
Apr-12
Jul-12
Oct-12
Jan-13
Apr-13
Jul-13
Oct-13
Jan-14
Apr-14
Jul-14
Oct-14
Jan-15
Apr-15
Jul-15
Oct-15
Jan-16
Apr-16
Inflation Inflation expectations (24-months ahead) Target
8. 8
Domestic savings have fallen
Source: World Bank (2016), World Development Indicators.
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
% of GDP% of GDP
Gross national savings
9. 9
Many jobs are informal
1. Persons with less than secondary education.
2. Including the self-employed.
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute.
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
Men Women
The majority of low-educated workers, especially women are informally employed ¹ ²
Formal Informal
10. 10
Informality drags down productivity
Source: Turkish Statistical Institute; Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Thousand TRYThousand TRY
Sales per worker, 2003 prices
All firms (including informal ones) Fully formal firms
11. 11
Participation in global value chains is relatively low
Note: The backward participation index is defined as the share of foreign value added in a country's gross exports.
Forward participation is defined as the ratio of domestic value added embodied in foreign countries' exports over gross
exports.
Source: OECD/WTO (2016), "Trade in value added", OECD-WTO: Statistics on Trade in Value Added (database). DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/data-00648-en.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
BRA
RUS
ARG
HRV
CHL
IND
ROU
GRC
TUR
MEX
CHN
POL
PRT
EST
SVN
VNM
THA
BGR
MYS
CZE
SVK
HUN
A. Backward participation
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
HRV
MEX
TUR
THA
CHN
VNM
ARG
HUN
BGR
PRT
GRC
IND
CZE
MYS
EST
SVK
SVN
POL
BRA
ROU
CHL
RUS
B. Forward participation
12. 12
Turkey’s share of high value-added exports lags
Note: A high-value product's unit value exceeds the world reference by at least 15%. The world reference is the world median of all
unit values weighted by the value of their trade flow for a given year. OECD peers are the 10 countries, other than Turkey, with the
lowest per capita GDP in the OECD: Czech Republic, Slovenia, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Chile
and Mexico. Non-OECD peers include Argentina, Bulgaria, Brazil, China, Croatia, India, Malaysia, Romania, Russia, Thailand and
Vietnam.
Source: CEPII Trade Unit Value database, see Emlinger and Piton (2014), "World trade flows characterization: Unit values, trade
types and price ranges", CEPII Working Papers, No 2014-26.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Energy Food,
agriculture
Textiles Wood,
paper
Chemicals Iron & steel Non
ferrous
Machinery Vehicles Electrical Electronic
Turkey OECD peers Non-OECD peers
14. 14
Employment regulations are rigid
How to read this figure: The figure shows how far Turkey, and its OECD peers (the bottom third of OECD countries in GDP
per capita) are from OECD best practice in employment regulations. OECD best practice is defined as the average practice of
the best three OECD countries in each area.
Source: OECD, Employment Protection Legislation indicators; OECD Minimum wage database; OECD Labour Tax Wedge
Decomposition database.
Reduce labour tax wedges and employment costs for the low-skilled.
Enhance the flexibility of employment rules for all firms.
Encourage minimum wage moderation and engage social partners in a wage
path consistent with disinflation and external rebalancing.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Severance pay Standard fixed-term
contracts
Length of notice period Minimum
wage/median wage
ratio
Labour tax wedge
Distance to OECD best practices
Turkey OECD peers
15. 15
Product market regulations are restrictive
How to read this figure: The figure shows how far Turkey, and its OECD peers (the bottom third of OECD countries in GDP
per capita) are from OECD best practice in product market regulations. OECD best practice is defined as the average practice
of the best three OECD countries in each area.
Source: OECD Indicators of Product Market Regulation.
Continue to improve the regulatory framework for doing business, using OECD
product and labour market and competition policy indicators as benchmarks.
Consider an OECD Competition Assessment Review to help in this process.
Consider a “zero cost licencing” initiative for start-ups.
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
Licenses and
permits system
Administrative
burdens for
corporations
Administrative
burdens for sole
proprietors
Barriers in service
sectors
Price controls Competition
advocacy
Distance to OECD best practices
Turkey OECD peers
16. 16
Barriers to investment affect foreign firms
Source: World Bank (2013), Enterprise Survey; and OECD calculations.
Investment obstacles reported by fully formal firms
Index scale 0 (no obstacle) to 4 (very severe obstacle)
Strengthen the rule of law, judiciary independence and the fight against corruption.
Reduce barriers to foreign direct investment.
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
Corruption Political instability Informal competitors Tax rates
Domestic private Foreign private State-owned
17. 17
Educational outcomes are still low
Note: For Brazil, Chile, France, the Russian Federation and Saudi Arabia, the year of reference is 2013, for China,
2010, for Indonesia, 2011 and for South Africa, 2012.
Source: OECD (2015), Education at a Glance 2015: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing, Paris. DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2015-en.
Percentage of adults who have attained at least upper secondary education
Per cent, 2014
Implement the education reforms foreseen in the 2016 Action Plan to improve
curricula and increase the autonomy of schools and universities.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
CHN
IDN
MEX
TUR
CRI
PRT
BRA
SAU
COL
ESP
ITA
CHL
ZAF
GRC
ISL
BEL
NZL
FRA
NLD
AUS
IRL
GBR
DNK
SWE
NOR
HUN
AUT
KOR
ISR
SVN
FIN
DEU
CHE
LVA
USA
CAN
POL
SVK
EST
LTU
CZE
RUS
18. 18
Professional management is still scarce
Note: Survey average to the question: "In your country, who holds senior management positions?" [1 = usually
relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional managers chosen for merit and
qualifications].
Source: World Economic Forum (2015), Executive Opinion Survey.
Reliance on professional management
Focus upskilling programmes for small entrepreneurs on basic management, foreign
languages and digitalisation.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
ITA
BGR
VNM
HUN
HRV
GRC
ROU
IND
RUS
SVN
PRT
TUR
MEX
POL
SVK
ARG
BRA
CHN
ESP
THA
CHL
KOR
ISR
FRA
CZE
AUT
JPN
MYS
DEU
AUS
CAN
GBR
BEL
SWE
USA
DNK
IRL
CHE
NLD
FIN
NOR
NZL
19. 19
ICT is under-used
Note: Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are software-based tools that can integrate the management of
internal and external information flows. Supply chain management refers to the use of automated data exchange
(ADE) applications. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that enables contactless transmission of
information via radio waves. Reported as a percentage of enterprises with ten or more persons employed.
Source: OECD (2015), OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard 2015: Innovation for growth and society,
OECD Publishing, Paris, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/sti_scoreboard-2015-en
Diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in enterprises, 2014
Improve the ICT infrastructure. Use public campaigns to disseminate
international best management practices.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Broadband Website E-purchases Social media ERP E-sales Supply chain
mngt. (ADE)
RFID
Turkey OECD average
21. 21
Strengthening resilience and social cohesion
Fully implement the reforms of the 2016 Action Plan and enact
systematic monitoring and reporting on actual implementation.
Strengthen the rule of law, judiciary independence and the fight
against corruption.
Upgrade child care facilities throughout the country.
Reduce barriers to foreign direct investment.
Publish consolidated quarterly general government accounts
according to international accounting standards.
Publish a regular Fiscal Policy Report including all contingent and
long-term liabilities.
22. 22
Increasing savings and reducing inflation
Continue to contain consumer credit.
Promote private pension savings.
Increase foreign exchange reserves.
Simplify the monetary policy framework.
Tighten monetary policy unless inflation declines faster than projected.
Encourage minimum wage moderation and engage social partners in a
wage path consistent with disinflation and external rebalancing.
23. 23
Boosting productivity
Implement the education reforms foreseen in the 2016 Action Plan to
improve curricula and increase the autonomy of schools and
universities.
Reduce labour tax wedges and employment costs for the low-skilled.
Enhance the flexibility of employment rules for all firms.
Avoid tax thresholds for higher productivity and larger firms.
Focus upskilling programmes for small entrepreneurs on basic
management, foreign languages and digitalisation.
Improve the social safety net for displaced workers by upgrading
active labour market programmes, including those adapted to
refugees.
24. 24
Participating in global value chains
Align the Customs Union agreement with the EU with the most open
and all-encompassing international trade agreements, and develop
similar agreements with other countries.
Invest more in vocational training and research-and-development.
Improve the monitoring of polluting activities and the enforcement of
environmental regulations, and use economic instruments such as
pollution taxes, carbon taxes and emission permits.
25. 25
For more information
http://www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-turkey.htm
Disclaimers:
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without
prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.
This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers
and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.