This document provides an introduction to graphene through a seminar presentation. It defines graphene as a pure carbon material made of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. The presentation summarizes some of graphene's key properties including its strength, flexibility, electrical and thermal conductivity. It also outlines several methods for producing graphene, such as mechanical exfoliation and reduction of graphite oxide. Finally, the document discusses potential applications of graphene in areas like solar cells, batteries, electronics and aerospace.

1. We want to give you a stylish and logical presentation to
help you improve your knowledge about graphene.
What is
Graphene?
SEMINAR BY : Mr Rasoul Sadeghzadeh
Supervisor : Ms Dr Nikoonahad 1

2. CONTENTS
01 WHAT IS GRAPHENE?
02 PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE
03 SOME PRODUCTION METHODS
04 APPLICATIONS
05 REFERENCES
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3. WHAT IS GRAPHENE?
Graphene is a pure carbon-based
material. Graphene is a simple,
regular, hexagonal carbon structure
but very strong. In terms of
electricity, scientists divide carbon
into semiconductors
01
3

4. Built in 2004, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010
Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov pulled graphene layers from graphite and
transferred them onto thin SiO2 on a silicon wafer in a process called either
micromechanical cleavage or the Scotch tape technique.
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5. Graphene can be seen with help of :
1.Transmission electron microscopy
.
2.Electron microscop
y
3.Optical microscope
5

6. 02. PROPERTIES OF GRAPHENE
STRUCTURAL
Graphene can self-repair holes in its sheets, when exposed to molecules containing carbon, such as
hydrocarbons. Bombarded with pure carbon atoms, the atoms perfectly align into hexagons, completely
fi
lling the holes.
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7. CHEMICAL
• Graphene one atom thick are a hundred times more chemically reactive than thicker sheets.
(Stanford university)
• Graphene is chemically the most reactive form of carbon.
ELECTRONIC
• Intrinsic graphene is a semi-metal or zero-gap semiconductor.
ELECTRICAL
•Graphene has a remarkably high electron mobility at room temperature, with reported values in excess of
15000 cm2
·V−1
·s−1
•It conducts electricity as ef
fi
ciently as copper and outperforms all other materials as a conductor of heat
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8. OPTICAL
• one-atom-thick crystal can be seen with the naked eye because it absorbs approximately 2.3% of white light. see FIG.
• Graphene's unique optical properties produce an unexpectedly high opacity for an atomic monolayer in vacuum.
THERMAL
• A graphene sheet is thermodynamically most stable 1.only for molecules larger than 24,000
atoms 2.Size greater than 20 nm
• Thermal conductivity is measured to be between (4.84±0.44) × 103
to (5.30±0.48) × 103
W·m−1
·K−1
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9. MECHANICAL
• The
fl
at graphene sheet is unstable with respect to scrolling i.e. bending into a cylindrical shape
• As of 2009, graphene appeared to be one of the strongest materials known with a breaking strength
over 100 times greater than a hypothetical steel
fi
lm of the same (thin) thickness, with a Young's
modulus (stiffness) of 1 TPa (150000000 psi).
• 1 square meter graphene hammock would support a 4 kg cat but would weigh only as much as one
of the cat's whiskers, at 0.77 mg (about 0.001% of the weight of 1 m2 of paper)
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10. 1.MECHANICAL EXFOLIATION
2. EPITAXY
3. REDUCTION OF GRAPHITE OXIDE
4. METAL CARBON MELT
5. SOLVENT EXFOLIATION
6. CARBON DIOXIDE REDUCTION
7. NANOTUBE SLICING
03 SOME PRODUCTION METHODS
How do they prepare?
Graphene can be easily
obtained by separating
graphite layers
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11. 04 APPLICATIONS
Improving the efficiency of solar cells
High charge batteries
Elastic screens (folding)
Utilizing the properties of hardness, strength and lightness in the aerospace
and automotive industries
Graphene is reported to have enhanced PCR by increasing the yield
of DNA product
Scientists are also trying to make graphene transistors and replace
them with silicon chips because of the very fast speed of electrons in
graphene.
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12. 05 REFERENCES
1. High Quality, Scalable Graphene Production Doug Speight, Ivan Vlassiouk
US Department of energy,
2. Graphene Technology: Roadmap to Applications
Andrea C. Ferrari
Department of Engineering, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
3. Environmental applications of graphene-based materials
Alina Catrinel Ion1, Ion Ion1, Florinela Sirbu2
1.Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,
Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest 2.Institute of Physical Chemistry “I. Gh. Murgulescu” of the Romanian
Academy
4.Adhesion mechanics of graphene membranes
J.S. Bunch n, M.L.Dunn
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado,Boulder,CO80309USA
5. Graphene Membranes And Greenhouse Gas Pollution : An Interview With Professor Scott Bunch
Dr. Scott Bunch
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO, Colorado,Boulder,CO80309USA
•
Large Arrays and Properties of 3-Terminal GrapheneNanoelectromechanical Switches .6
•
, Xinghui Liu ,Ji Won Suk , Narasimha G. Boddeti , Lauren Cantley , Luda Wang
•
, Jason M. Gray , Harris J. Hall ,Victor M. Bright , Charles T. Rogers , Martin L. Dunn
•
* Rodney S. Ruoff , and J. Scott Bunch
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13. THANK YOU
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@Rasoulsadeghzadeh