In this slides the all common and mostly used networking devices are describe that help the beginners students of networking to understand about the all networking devices for more details comment below or suggestion
In this slides the all common and mostly used networking devices are describe that help the beginners students of networking to understand about the all networking devices for more details comment below or suggestion
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances.
This is Powerpoint Presentation on IP addressing & Subnet masking. This presentation describes how IP address works, what its classes and how the subnet masking works and more.
1) What is Fiber Optics?
2) Structure of Fiber Optics.
3) Modes of Fiber Optics.
4) How It Is made.
5) Communication System.
6) Evolution of Fiber Optics.
7) Advantages/ Disadvantages.
8) Applications of Fiber Optics.
9) Conclusion.
switching techniques in data communication and networkingHarshita Yadav
it is a detailed presentation on switching techniques. it includes the three types of switching technique. it is described in such manner that you can learn switching without any difficulties.
The Presentation describes about the Transmission media and in detail about coaxial cable,Twisted pair, Fiber optics, Power lines and their comparisons
Transmission Media, Guided and unguided transmission mediaadnanqayum
Transmission Media and its types, Guided and unguided transmission media with examples (guided = (i) Twisted pair cable (ii) Coaxial cable (iii) Fiber optical cable, unguided = (i) Radio wave (ii) Microwave (iii) Infra-red wave)
Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies for local area networks (LANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs). It was commercially introduced in 1980 and first standardized in 1983 as IEEE 802.3, and has since been refined to support higher bit rates and longer link distances.
This is Powerpoint Presentation on IP addressing & Subnet masking. This presentation describes how IP address works, what its classes and how the subnet masking works and more.
1) What is Fiber Optics?
2) Structure of Fiber Optics.
3) Modes of Fiber Optics.
4) How It Is made.
5) Communication System.
6) Evolution of Fiber Optics.
7) Advantages/ Disadvantages.
8) Applications of Fiber Optics.
9) Conclusion.
switching techniques in data communication and networkingHarshita Yadav
it is a detailed presentation on switching techniques. it includes the three types of switching technique. it is described in such manner that you can learn switching without any difficulties.
The Presentation describes about the Transmission media and in detail about coaxial cable,Twisted pair, Fiber optics, Power lines and their comparisons
Transmission Media, Guided and unguided transmission mediaadnanqayum
Transmission Media and its types, Guided and unguided transmission media with examples (guided = (i) Twisted pair cable (ii) Coaxial cable (iii) Fiber optical cable, unguided = (i) Radio wave (ii) Microwave (iii) Infra-red wave)
Transmission media (data communication)Pritom Chaki
Transmission media is the material pathway that connects computers, different kinds of devices and people on a network. It can be compared to a superhighway carrying lots of information. Transmission media uses cables or electromagnetic signals to transmit data.
Here, I described about Networking Cables. I described various types of cable such as Coaxial Cable, Twisted Pair Cable, Fiber Optic Cable, UTP & STP in details.
This note is about Cables & Connectors of computer networks. It contains detailed information on different types of cables- Coaxial Cable, Twisted Pair Cable, and Fiber Optic Cable.
2.a. Wired Media Type and ExplinationTwisted-Pair CableTwiste.pdfaquazac
2.
a. Wired Media Type and Explination:
Twisted-Pair Cable
Twisted-pair cable is a type of cabling that is used for telephone communications and most
modern Ethernet networks. A pair of wires forms a circuit that can transmit data. The pairs are
twisted to provide protection against crosstalk, the noise generated by adjacent pairs. When
electrical current flows through a wire, it creates a small, circular magnetic field around the wire.
When two wires in an electrical circuit are placed close together, their magnetic fields are the
exact opposite of each other. Thus, the two magnetic fields cancel each other out. They also
cancel out any outside magnetic fields. Twisting the wires can enhance this cancellation effect.
Using cancellation together with twisting the wires, cable designers can effectively provide self-
shielding for wire pairs within the network media.
Two basic types of twisted-pair cable exist: unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted
pair (STP). The following sections discuss UTP and STP cable in more detail.
UTP Cable
UTP cable is a medium that is composed of pairs of wires . UTP cable is used in a variety of
networks. Each of the eight individual copper wires in UTP cable \\is covered by an insulating
material. In addition, the wires in each pair are twisted around each other.
UTP cable relies solely on the cancellation effect produced by the twisted wire pairs to limit
signal degradation caused by electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency
interference (RFI). To further reduce crosstalk between the pairs in UTP cable, the number of
twists in the wire pairs varies. UTP cable must follow precise specifications governing how
many twists or braids are permitted per meter (3.28 feet) of cable.
UTP cable often is installed using a Registered Jack 45 (RJ-45) connector The RJ-45 is an eight-
wire connector used commonly to connect computers onto a local-area network (LAN),
especially Ethernets.
When used as a networking medium, UTP cable has four pairs of either 22- or 24-gauge copper
wire. UTP used as a networking medium has an impedance of 100 ohms; this differentiates it
from other types of twisted-pair wiring such as that used for telephone wiring, which has
impedance of 600 ohms.
UTP cable offers many advantages. Because UTP has an external diameter of approximately
0.43 cm (0.17 inches), its small size can be advantageous during installation. Because it has such
a small external diameter, UTP does not fill up wiring ducts as rapidly as other types of cable.
This can be an extremely important factor to consider, particularly when installing a network in
an older building. UTP cable is easy to install and is less expensive than other types of
networking media. In fact, UTP costs less per meter than any other type of LAN cabling. And
because UTP can be used with most of the major networking architectures, it continues to grow
in popularity.
Disadvantages also are involved in using twisted-pair cabling, howe.
A quick overview of Data Networking that I gave to a technical group who wanted an introduction to data communications. I hope someone finds a use for it. Msg me if you want to the original pres.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
23. Case Study 1 Chapter 3 The Mumbai branch of MoneyMaker bank has multiple departments, which are on different floors in the same building. Each department is interconnected using UTP cables. John, the network administrator has set up a client server environment and has used a star topology. The employees of the bank are unable to transmit data and information from one department to another in an efficient manner
24. Problem Chapter 3 Data and information cannot be transmitted between the departments efficiently
25. Suggested Solution Chapter 3 The problem is caused due to EMI emitted by the electrical transformers. John should use STP cables to interconnect the different departments located on each floor as STP provides better protection from EMI. The computers inside each department can be interconnected using UTP cables.
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36. Case Study 2 Chapter 3 The Chennai branch of MoneyMaker bank has a database server. All departments are connected to this server using coaxial cables. These departments are unable to retrieve and update information from the server spontaneously. It takes a lot of time to get updated information.
37. Problem Chapter 3 The employees of the bank are unable to retrieve information from the database quickly.
38. Suggested Solution Chapter 3 The problem is caused due to the lower transmission speeds provided by the coaxial cables. These cables provide a maximum transfer rate of 10 Mbps. Thus, if all departments of the bank try to access the information from the server, the speed slows down. To increase the data transfer rate, the network administrator should use UTP Cat 6 twisted pair cables. This cable provides higher bandwidth and higher data transfer rate as compared to coaxial cables.
39. Media Comparison Chapter 3 Characteristics UTP STP Coaxial Cables Fiber Optic Cables Bandwidth 10 Mbps – 100 Mbps 10 Mbps – 100 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps - 1 Gbps Maximum cable segment 100 meters 100 meters 200 – 500 meters 2 k.m. – 100 k.m. Interference rating Poor Better than UTP Better than twisted pair wires Very good as compared to any other cable Installation cost Cheap Costly than UTP Costly than twisted pair wires Most costly to install Bend radius 360 degrees / feet 360 degrees / feet 360 degrees / feet or 30 degrees / feet 30 degrees / feet Security Low Low Low High
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