Translation is essential for communicating across languages. There are different types of translation like semantic, literal, functional, communicative, and transcreation. Translation is used in various media like advertisements, songs, cartoons, television shows, and news. It allows content to reach wider audiences but requires skill to accurately transfer meaning and tone. Mistranslations can sometimes lead to humorous unintended interpretations.
This document discusses the peculiarities of translating newspaper style between English and Ukrainian. It covers definitions of newspaper style, the structure of newspaper articles, translation of headlines, grammatical peculiarities, lexical peculiarities, and stylistic peculiarities. Some key points include: headlines are usually shorter in Ukrainian and use different tenses; grammatical structures like word order and introduction of sources differ; lexical items include abbreviations, cliches, and neologisms; stylistic devices include metaphors, allusions, and euphemisms which must be adapted culturally. Proper translation of newspaper style requires understanding these linguistic and cultural conventions.
History, advantage,disadvantage and type of print media azhar901
: Advertising holds a significant part in total revenue pie chart and continues to be the growth driver of the industry. Advertising industry is expected to exhibit higher growth rate owing to the macroeconomic environment. The print sectors share in the overall advertisement pie remains the higher than other forms of media. Having grown by 8.5 per cent in 2014, the print advertising revenue crossed INR176 billion. The advertising revenue have grown at CAGR of 8.8 percent. The advertisement revenues have continued to be the main source of revenues for the print industry, contributing 67 per cent to the industries revenue.
This document provides information on writing for magazines. It discusses the characteristics of magazines, including their periodic publication and inclusion of various types of content. It then describes different types of magazines such as general interest magazines, special interest magazines, and business magazines. The document outlines steps for writing magazine articles, including understanding the magazine, choosing a topic and angle, researching, and structuring the article. It also discusses various writing styles for magazines such as narrative, descriptive, persuasive, and imaginative writing.
The document discusses the history of translation from ancient times to modern day. Some key points include: the first major translation was the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible to Greek in the 3rd century BC; in the 4th century AD, Kumārajīva famously translated Buddhist texts from Sanskrit to Chinese, such as the popular Diamond Sutra; theories of translation emerged in the 19th century from scholars like Schleiermacher in Germany and Yan Fu in China; translation studies is now a formal academic discipline, and technology has created a large global market for language services.
This document discusses the characteristics of different mass media including television, radio, newspaper, magazine, and outdoor media. It provides details on their advantages and disadvantages. Television is highlighted as having broad reach through combining sound, sight, and motion but also allowing for false news and ads. Radio can reach remote audiences in a cost efficient manner but has audio only and fleeting messages. Newspapers provide detailed information through various sections but have short life spans. Magazines are specialized with longer life but also longer lead times for ad placement. Outdoor media provides 24 hour coverage in a location-specific and cost efficient way but can face image problems.
The document discusses definitions of translation provided by several scholars, such as Newmark, Nida and Taber, and Hatim and Munday. It also explains that translation involves studying the source text's lexis, grammar, culture, and context to determine meaning, and then reconstructing this meaning using the target language's appropriate structure and context. An example is given of translating "Ana Muslim" from Arabic to English as "I am Muslim." The document also lists skills needed for translation, such as writing ability, research, cultural awareness, language proficiency, experience, and dictionaries. Creating a good translation requires understanding grammar, vocabulary, and culture in both the source and target languages.
This document discusses the peculiarities of translating newspaper style between English and Ukrainian. It covers definitions of newspaper style, the structure of newspaper articles, translation of headlines, grammatical peculiarities, lexical peculiarities, and stylistic peculiarities. Some key points include: headlines are usually shorter in Ukrainian and use different tenses; grammatical structures like word order and introduction of sources differ; lexical items include abbreviations, cliches, and neologisms; stylistic devices include metaphors, allusions, and euphemisms which must be adapted culturally. Proper translation of newspaper style requires understanding these linguistic and cultural conventions.
History, advantage,disadvantage and type of print media azhar901
: Advertising holds a significant part in total revenue pie chart and continues to be the growth driver of the industry. Advertising industry is expected to exhibit higher growth rate owing to the macroeconomic environment. The print sectors share in the overall advertisement pie remains the higher than other forms of media. Having grown by 8.5 per cent in 2014, the print advertising revenue crossed INR176 billion. The advertising revenue have grown at CAGR of 8.8 percent. The advertisement revenues have continued to be the main source of revenues for the print industry, contributing 67 per cent to the industries revenue.
This document provides information on writing for magazines. It discusses the characteristics of magazines, including their periodic publication and inclusion of various types of content. It then describes different types of magazines such as general interest magazines, special interest magazines, and business magazines. The document outlines steps for writing magazine articles, including understanding the magazine, choosing a topic and angle, researching, and structuring the article. It also discusses various writing styles for magazines such as narrative, descriptive, persuasive, and imaginative writing.
The document discusses the history of translation from ancient times to modern day. Some key points include: the first major translation was the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible to Greek in the 3rd century BC; in the 4th century AD, Kumārajīva famously translated Buddhist texts from Sanskrit to Chinese, such as the popular Diamond Sutra; theories of translation emerged in the 19th century from scholars like Schleiermacher in Germany and Yan Fu in China; translation studies is now a formal academic discipline, and technology has created a large global market for language services.
This document discusses the characteristics of different mass media including television, radio, newspaper, magazine, and outdoor media. It provides details on their advantages and disadvantages. Television is highlighted as having broad reach through combining sound, sight, and motion but also allowing for false news and ads. Radio can reach remote audiences in a cost efficient manner but has audio only and fleeting messages. Newspapers provide detailed information through various sections but have short life spans. Magazines are specialized with longer life but also longer lead times for ad placement. Outdoor media provides 24 hour coverage in a location-specific and cost efficient way but can face image problems.
The document discusses definitions of translation provided by several scholars, such as Newmark, Nida and Taber, and Hatim and Munday. It also explains that translation involves studying the source text's lexis, grammar, culture, and context to determine meaning, and then reconstructing this meaning using the target language's appropriate structure and context. An example is given of translating "Ana Muslim" from Arabic to English as "I am Muslim." The document also lists skills needed for translation, such as writing ability, research, cultural awareness, language proficiency, experience, and dictionaries. Creating a good translation requires understanding grammar, vocabulary, and culture in both the source and target languages.
Journalism, like any other niche, has also been influenced by the Digital Media. The usage of digital technologies to research, produce and deliver (or make accessible) news and information is termed as Digital Journalism in simple.
This session sheds an average light on all the aspects of digital jounalism in today's digital context ranging from the theories to the legal issues so concerned.
Translation and interpretation involve transferring ideas between languages. Translation is the process of representing written text in one language using the words of another. Interpretation involves orally conveying messages from one language to another. Both require competency in the source and target languages as well as understanding of different fields, styles, and cultural differences between languages to accurately transfer meaning. Qualities of good translation include being able to translate back to the original language and yield the same meaning, as well as testing comprehension through questions. Interpretation requires quick oral translation and knowledge of various topics to flexibly convey messages between speakers of different languages.
The document discusses various formats of television news stories. It describes package stories as prerecorded pieces that include video, sound bytes, voiceovers and a reporter PTC to introduce and summarize the story. VOSOT features an anchor speaking over videotape of someone talking. Anchor + byte has the anchor reading a story without visuals followed by a sound byte.
Magazines have existed since the 17th century, starting as intellectual publications in Germany. The term "magazine" originated from the French word for storehouse in the early 18th century when the Gentleman's Magazine popularized the format of including a variety of articles. Throughout the 19th century, magazines grew more common and affordable for the middle class, with some of the earliest advertisements. The rise of magazines continued in the 20th century, driven by technological advances enabling mass production and distribution, along with the growth of advertising revenue. While digital formats now exist, printed magazines still fulfill needs that online content does not.
The document discusses different types of media discourse such as in newspapers, television, and radio. It defines key concepts like critical discourse analysis and different genres like drama, talk shows, news, and music. Some key points made are that media discourse can influence perspectives and be shaped by various micro and macro level factors. Examples from Pakistani media show how discourse addresses social and political issues through language used in dramas, talk shows, news headlines and music.
Translation is as old as language. Different language communities considered translation necessary for their interaction. With translation as an important activity, there emerged diverse theories to guide it.
This document provides an overview of radio and television talk shows. It discusses the history and evolution of talk shows from radio to television. It describes different types of TV talk shows such as news, sports, and entertainment talk shows. The document outlines the production process for television and radio talk shows including pre-production, production, and post-distribution stages. It also discusses some flaws of television talk shows such as their potential to spread negativity and be biased. Key equipment for TV and radio production is also listed.
Translation is converting written text from one language to another with the same meaning, while interpretation involves orally conveying meaning between languages in real time. There are various translation methods like word-for-word, semantic, and idiomatic, and interpretation modalities like simultaneous, consecutive, and whispered. Interpretation can also be relay, liaison, on-site, via telephone, or through video technology.
This document discusses translation theory and practice. It defines translation as conveying meaning between languages and discusses why translation is important for connecting global economies and spreading ideas. The document outlines different types of translation including free translation, literal translation, and communicative translation. It also discusses characteristics of good translations and translators, including accuracy, clarity, naturalness, passion, and translation skills. Finally, it summarizes John Dryden's three types of translation and Roman Jakobson's three forms of translation.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of translation studies as an academic discipline. It notes that while translation has long been practiced, translation studies emerged as a formal discipline in the 1950s and 1960s. Early work focused on contrastive analysis and linguistic approaches to translation. The field has rapidly expanded since the 1990s, with numerous university courses, conferences, journals, and books focused on translation studies. It is now recognized as an independent, multidisciplinary academic field encompassing various theoretical and practical approaches to written translation.
This document discusses the process of translation and outlines four key levels to consider: 1) the source text level, 2) the referential level of objects/events, 3) the cohesive level of grammar/tone/presuppositions, and 4) the level of naturalness appropriate to the context. It also describes two approaches to translation - starting sentence by sentence or reading the full text first to understand tone/intent before translating, and emphasizes the importance of considering the textual, referential, cohesive, and naturalness levels for an accurate translation.
This document provides an introduction to translation. It defines translation as expressing the meaning of a text in one language (the source language) into another language (the target language) while preserving semantic and stylistic equivalence. A translator's role is to render the author's intended meaning of a text into the target language. The document also discusses translation theory, aspects of text that must be considered in translation like message and intention, and the translation process.
News agencies are organizations of journalists that supply news reports to various media outlets like newspapers, magazines, radio and television broadcasters. The major news agencies include Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse, which have extensive global networks of correspondents and resources to report news from around the world. While individual media organizations have their own reporting staff, they rely heavily on news agencies for international and foreign news coverage given the agencies' ability to provide near instantaneous distribution of news from anywhere in the world.
Media Discourse Analysis is a presentation on behavior of media and society its includes science of colors , brain , society ,electronic media ,print media , examples of anchors and dramas , Pakistan society based dramas example , drama example and its factor ,media reporting and its factors .
News gathering involves collecting information from various sources to develop news stories and features. Sources include traditional methods, modern technologies, and communication techniques like interviews. Key sources today include radio, television, newspapers, press releases, and institutions that provide information. Effective news gathering relies on observation, telephone conversations, research, and interviews to verify facts and gather accurate accounts of events.
Everything we need to know about the radio program format - Interview.
This focuses primarily on interviews in radio, although it can be applied in other on air interviews too.
This document discusses various aspects of television journalism and news production. It begins with a brief history of television in India and the growth of private channels. It then covers topics like the differences between print, television and internet news. It describes the roles of reporters, producers and other staff involved in electronic news gathering and production. It discusses concepts like scripts, anchors, pieces to camera. It also provides organizational structures of news channels and the workflow from news gathering to bulletin production. Overall, the document provides a practical overview of television journalism.
Newspaper Make - Up
Describing about newspaper layout.
Information on Front Page of a newspaper
Defining the important page of a newspaper-The Editorial Page
Common Challenges of Japanese – English TranslationUlatus
This document discusses some of the common challenges in translating from Japanese to English. It notes that the languages have distinctly different structures, so literal translations may not make grammatical sense in English. It also discusses differences in grammar like tense, pronouns, and lack of articles or pluralization in Japanese. Homonyms with different meanings depending on kanji or context can confuse non-native translators. Understanding cultural references and variations in Japanese dialects also impacts accurate translation. Comprehension of sound symbolic words requires grasping their meaning from context. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of understanding language differences and native language skills for high quality translation between Japanese and English.
Film Adaptations Literature and Social Issues.pptxJerinJohnson47
The document discusses using films and audiovisual technologies like English movies in English language classrooms. It notes that watching English movies provides ESL/EFL learners with a valuable authentic learning experience and real-time exposure to English. Teachers can select movies suitable for classroom topics to motivate students and improve their English skills through both visual and auditory input. The document also discusses using podcasts in language teaching, including authentic podcasts and those produced by teachers for students.
Journalism, like any other niche, has also been influenced by the Digital Media. The usage of digital technologies to research, produce and deliver (or make accessible) news and information is termed as Digital Journalism in simple.
This session sheds an average light on all the aspects of digital jounalism in today's digital context ranging from the theories to the legal issues so concerned.
Translation and interpretation involve transferring ideas between languages. Translation is the process of representing written text in one language using the words of another. Interpretation involves orally conveying messages from one language to another. Both require competency in the source and target languages as well as understanding of different fields, styles, and cultural differences between languages to accurately transfer meaning. Qualities of good translation include being able to translate back to the original language and yield the same meaning, as well as testing comprehension through questions. Interpretation requires quick oral translation and knowledge of various topics to flexibly convey messages between speakers of different languages.
The document discusses various formats of television news stories. It describes package stories as prerecorded pieces that include video, sound bytes, voiceovers and a reporter PTC to introduce and summarize the story. VOSOT features an anchor speaking over videotape of someone talking. Anchor + byte has the anchor reading a story without visuals followed by a sound byte.
Magazines have existed since the 17th century, starting as intellectual publications in Germany. The term "magazine" originated from the French word for storehouse in the early 18th century when the Gentleman's Magazine popularized the format of including a variety of articles. Throughout the 19th century, magazines grew more common and affordable for the middle class, with some of the earliest advertisements. The rise of magazines continued in the 20th century, driven by technological advances enabling mass production and distribution, along with the growth of advertising revenue. While digital formats now exist, printed magazines still fulfill needs that online content does not.
The document discusses different types of media discourse such as in newspapers, television, and radio. It defines key concepts like critical discourse analysis and different genres like drama, talk shows, news, and music. Some key points made are that media discourse can influence perspectives and be shaped by various micro and macro level factors. Examples from Pakistani media show how discourse addresses social and political issues through language used in dramas, talk shows, news headlines and music.
Translation is as old as language. Different language communities considered translation necessary for their interaction. With translation as an important activity, there emerged diverse theories to guide it.
This document provides an overview of radio and television talk shows. It discusses the history and evolution of talk shows from radio to television. It describes different types of TV talk shows such as news, sports, and entertainment talk shows. The document outlines the production process for television and radio talk shows including pre-production, production, and post-distribution stages. It also discusses some flaws of television talk shows such as their potential to spread negativity and be biased. Key equipment for TV and radio production is also listed.
Translation is converting written text from one language to another with the same meaning, while interpretation involves orally conveying meaning between languages in real time. There are various translation methods like word-for-word, semantic, and idiomatic, and interpretation modalities like simultaneous, consecutive, and whispered. Interpretation can also be relay, liaison, on-site, via telephone, or through video technology.
This document discusses translation theory and practice. It defines translation as conveying meaning between languages and discusses why translation is important for connecting global economies and spreading ideas. The document outlines different types of translation including free translation, literal translation, and communicative translation. It also discusses characteristics of good translations and translators, including accuracy, clarity, naturalness, passion, and translation skills. Finally, it summarizes John Dryden's three types of translation and Roman Jakobson's three forms of translation.
This document provides an overview of the history and development of translation studies as an academic discipline. It notes that while translation has long been practiced, translation studies emerged as a formal discipline in the 1950s and 1960s. Early work focused on contrastive analysis and linguistic approaches to translation. The field has rapidly expanded since the 1990s, with numerous university courses, conferences, journals, and books focused on translation studies. It is now recognized as an independent, multidisciplinary academic field encompassing various theoretical and practical approaches to written translation.
This document discusses the process of translation and outlines four key levels to consider: 1) the source text level, 2) the referential level of objects/events, 3) the cohesive level of grammar/tone/presuppositions, and 4) the level of naturalness appropriate to the context. It also describes two approaches to translation - starting sentence by sentence or reading the full text first to understand tone/intent before translating, and emphasizes the importance of considering the textual, referential, cohesive, and naturalness levels for an accurate translation.
This document provides an introduction to translation. It defines translation as expressing the meaning of a text in one language (the source language) into another language (the target language) while preserving semantic and stylistic equivalence. A translator's role is to render the author's intended meaning of a text into the target language. The document also discusses translation theory, aspects of text that must be considered in translation like message and intention, and the translation process.
News agencies are organizations of journalists that supply news reports to various media outlets like newspapers, magazines, radio and television broadcasters. The major news agencies include Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse, which have extensive global networks of correspondents and resources to report news from around the world. While individual media organizations have their own reporting staff, they rely heavily on news agencies for international and foreign news coverage given the agencies' ability to provide near instantaneous distribution of news from anywhere in the world.
Media Discourse Analysis is a presentation on behavior of media and society its includes science of colors , brain , society ,electronic media ,print media , examples of anchors and dramas , Pakistan society based dramas example , drama example and its factor ,media reporting and its factors .
News gathering involves collecting information from various sources to develop news stories and features. Sources include traditional methods, modern technologies, and communication techniques like interviews. Key sources today include radio, television, newspapers, press releases, and institutions that provide information. Effective news gathering relies on observation, telephone conversations, research, and interviews to verify facts and gather accurate accounts of events.
Everything we need to know about the radio program format - Interview.
This focuses primarily on interviews in radio, although it can be applied in other on air interviews too.
This document discusses various aspects of television journalism and news production. It begins with a brief history of television in India and the growth of private channels. It then covers topics like the differences between print, television and internet news. It describes the roles of reporters, producers and other staff involved in electronic news gathering and production. It discusses concepts like scripts, anchors, pieces to camera. It also provides organizational structures of news channels and the workflow from news gathering to bulletin production. Overall, the document provides a practical overview of television journalism.
Newspaper Make - Up
Describing about newspaper layout.
Information on Front Page of a newspaper
Defining the important page of a newspaper-The Editorial Page
Common Challenges of Japanese – English TranslationUlatus
This document discusses some of the common challenges in translating from Japanese to English. It notes that the languages have distinctly different structures, so literal translations may not make grammatical sense in English. It also discusses differences in grammar like tense, pronouns, and lack of articles or pluralization in Japanese. Homonyms with different meanings depending on kanji or context can confuse non-native translators. Understanding cultural references and variations in Japanese dialects also impacts accurate translation. Comprehension of sound symbolic words requires grasping their meaning from context. Overall, it emphasizes the importance of understanding language differences and native language skills for high quality translation between Japanese and English.
Film Adaptations Literature and Social Issues.pptxJerinJohnson47
The document discusses using films and audiovisual technologies like English movies in English language classrooms. It notes that watching English movies provides ESL/EFL learners with a valuable authentic learning experience and real-time exposure to English. Teachers can select movies suitable for classroom topics to motivate students and improve their English skills through both visual and auditory input. The document also discusses using podcasts in language teaching, including authentic podcasts and those produced by teachers for students.
The document discusses several key problems and challenges in translation between languages. It notes that translation involves both linguistic and cultural elements, and that finding full equivalence between words in different languages is very difficult. Some specific issues covered include differences in culture, syntax, semantics, and the translation of genres like poetry, drama, and prose. The document also discusses the concept of inevitable losses that occur during translation due to differences between language systems, as well as avoidable losses due to translator errors. Overall, it presents translation as an challenging task that requires deep understanding of multiple languages and cultural contexts.
This document discusses media translation and movie subtitle translation. It defines media and media translation, outlines the characteristics and settings of media translation including books, press releases and movies. It discusses the time sensitivity and goal of conveying the same emotions as the original work. It also covers genres, linguistic features, terminology, translator competence including understanding culture and conveying tone. New trends in subtitle markets and tools like dotSUB that enable collaborative translation are presented. The process of adding subtitles to videos through dotSUB or other resources is described.
This module discusses spoken text and how to evaluate it. It begins by outlining the objectives of being able to differentiate spoken from written text, determine verbal and non-verbal signals used by speakers, and evaluate spoken text using given criteria. Examples of spoken text types like monologues, dialogues, speeches and oral stories are provided. Key differences between spoken and written text are explained. Critical aspects for evaluating spoken text are identified as verbal signals like cohesion, correctness and non-verbal signals like eye contact, gestures and prosodic features.
Understanding Closed Captioning Standards and Guidelines3Play Media
With recent legal action concerning accessibility, many organizations are shifting their discussions from whether they need to caption to how they will caption and what defines high quality captioning.
In this webinar, Jason Stark from the Described and Captioned Media Program (DCMP) and Cindy Camp from Pepnet 2 will go over DCMP’s captioning guidelines and preferred techniques that will help you produce captions that are accurate, consistent, clear, readable, and equal.
This webinar will cover:
DCMP’s captioning guidelines and standards
The importance of quality captioning
Preferred techniques for different types of media
Working with web media that doesn’t support certain captioning features
About DCMP
DCMP is a federally funded organization that advocates for equal access to educational media and the establishment and maintenance of quality standards for captioning and description by service providers.
About Pepnet 2
Pepnet 2 is a federally funded program whose mission is to increase the education, career, and lifetime choices available to individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing.
This document provides an overview of the translation process and the skills required of translators. It discusses key aspects of translation including understanding the meaning and intent of the original text, adapting for cultural differences between languages, addressing challenges like idioms, neologisms and stylistic elements, and producing a fluent translation in the target language. The goal of translation is effective communication to allow the reader to understand the message as intended in the original.
The document discusses various translation strategies, techniques and methods. It defines translation strategy and discusses three global strategies employed by translators. It then discusses translation methods and procedures, and defines word-for-word, literal, faithful, semantic and idiomatic translation. Direct and oblique translation techniques are also explained, including borrowing, calque, literal translation, transposition, modulation, reformulation, adaptation and compensation.
This document discusses code switching and borrowing in sociolinguistics. It defines code switching as using more than one language or variety within an utterance. There are three types of code switching: inter-sentential, intra-sentential, and extra-sentential. Code switching serves directive, expressive, referential, phatic, metlinguistic, and poetic functions. Borrowing occurs when a word is adopted from another language and naturalized. There are direct and core types of borrowing. Social factors that influence code switching and borrowing include situation, participant attitudes, topics, quoting others, group identity, and lexical need.
Language is a complex system of communication that is unique to humans. It uses various systematic elements like sound and grammar to convey meaning. Sound patterns take on meaning when combined according to the rules of a language's grammar, where word order is critical. As a symbolic system, language evolves over time as new words are introduced and meanings of words change, allowing humans to articulate thought.
This document provides guidance on how to give a great speech, beginning with analyzing Barack Obama's speeches as an example. It outlines 10 key elements for an effective speech: 1) having a clear main message or argument, 2) highlighting 3 key supporting points, 3) using concise language and facts, 4) using cue cards, 5) starting with an engaging "hook", 6) pausing effectively, 7) using hand gestures, 8) varying tone of voice, 9) making powerful statements, and 10) leaving the audience with a challenge or thought. The document then provides advice on structuring a speech and differences from formal writing, with a sample speech introduction.
Translation Studies Translation As TestimonyJitendra Sumra
1. The document discusses translation as testimony and examines the relationship between translations and original works of literature.
2. It notes that translations often reveal how translators interpreted and understood the original text differently. Comparing multiple translations of the same work can demonstrate this.
3. The best example provided is the English translations of the novel "Pather Panchali" by Satyajit Ray, upon which he based his famous film. The translations faced challenges in remaining faithful to the original while transferring culture.
This document provides an introduction to translation theory and practice. It defines translation as conveying meaning between languages and discusses why translation is important for communicating across cultures and economies. It then outlines the different kinds of translation, including free, literal, and communicative translation. Key characteristics of good translations are accuracy, clarity, and naturalness. Characteristics of good translators include passion, skills, curiosity, vocabulary, clarity, and focus on quality. The document also summarizes John Dryden and Roman Jakobson's theories on different types of translation.
The most important aspect of speaking is how you say it. While the content of the message and context are also important factors, it is the delivery - the tone, pace, volume, enthusiasm, body language, eye contact etc. that have the greatest impact on the listener and determine how well your message is received.
The document discusses various types and approaches to translation. It contrasts literal versus free translation, with literal translation aiming to retain original sentence structures and figures of speech as much as possible, while free translation deems the message conveyable in a different form. Other pairs discussed include literary versus non-literary translation, semantic versus communicative translation, and static versus dynamic translation. Communicative translation focuses on effectively conveying the message to the target audience with clarity, while static translations refer to standardized text elements like website text.
Ling 210, Dr. Troyer Sociolinguistic Media Analysis Page 1 .docxsmile790243
Ling 210, Dr. Troyer Sociolinguistic Media Analysis Page 1
Popular TV programs (especially sit-coms) and films (especially animated cartoons) frequently feature
characters with distinct dialects or strong accents. Often characters whose language is furthest from
standard English are portrayed as uneducated, dishonest, or downright stupid. On the other hand, some
non-standard ways of speaking are seen as romantic or exotic—alluring as opposed to laughable. In any
case equating intelligence, morality, or sexual orientation with language is blatant pandering to
stereotypes. As with all media, on one hand you can say these stereotypes are merely a reflection of
many people’s actual beliefs (whether they are valid or not)—but you could also argue that the media
perpetuates unwarranted connections between nonstandard and substandard.
For this assignment, choose a film or TV program and one character in it who has a distinctly
different non-standard dialect or accent from the other characters, and provide the following
information. Clearly number and address ALL 9 topics!
1. Title of the film or program
2. Description of the character (physical, mental, emotional, personality, etc.): Write at least a paragraph
about the character without mentioning anything about his or her use of language.
3. Character language: Is it a distinct regional or social dialect of English (from chapter 12), or is it an
accent with influences from another language?
4. Phonology: Transcribe several lines or words from the character in phonetics, and below each, give
the transcription of the same words in Standard Spoken English. Point out distinctive features of the
character’s phonology which allow us to identify it as different from the standard English of a
national news broadcaster, etc.
5. Morphology-Syntax: Are there any morpho-syntactic (i.e. grammatical) differences between the
character’s usage and standard English? For example African American use of habitual BE or non-
use of third person singular ‘s’ on verbs, or Chicano English use of en for both in and on, or for
influence from other languages, lack of determiners (a, an, the), or lack of tense or plural markers.
Give examples.
6. Lexicon: Give examples of lexical choices (words the character uses) that are unique to the dialect or
accent being represented. Note that the focus is on a dialect, accent, or other stereotypical language,
not the character’s idiolect.
7. Based on your knowledge of the film or program, is this combination of language representation and
characterization an attempt to accurately portray socio-economic realities (a character from a
wealthy southern family should talk like a southern aristocrat, and a character from an inner-city
Detroit working class family should sound like a corresponding dialect)? Or is the dialect or accent
used in order to add stereotypical personality traits to a character? Explain with at least a short
paragraph ...
This document outlines different types of speeches according to purpose and delivery method. It begins by listing classroom rules for speech presentations. It then discusses the following types of speeches: informative or expository speeches which educate an audience; persuasive speeches which aim to convince; entertainment speeches which share laughter; and demonstrative speeches which educate through visual demonstration. Additional types covered are debate speeches, motivational speeches, farewell speeches, eulogy or funeral speeches, and declamation speeches. The document also outlines speech styles according to whether they are read from a manuscript, memorized, extemporaneous, or impromptu. It emphasizes that learning is most fun when done with a positive attitude.
The document discusses different types of translation including word-for-word, literal, free, semantic, and communicative translation. It provides examples to illustrate each type and notes their strengths and weaknesses. Word-for-word and literal translations aim for lexical and structural accuracy but can result in unnatural translations. Free and communicative translations prioritize natural expression in the target language over structural accuracy from the source text. Semantic translation balances meaning and form.
This document summarizes Vinay and Darbelnet's classical taxonomy of translation procedures from 1958. It outlines seven categories of translation techniques: 1) Borrowing, 2) Calque (Loan Translation), 3) Literal Translation, 4) Transposition, 5) Modulation, 6) Adaptation. It provides examples for each category and notes that since the 1960s, additional techniques have been established such as explicitation, collocation, and compensation.
This document discusses tones and fluency in writing. It defines tone as the attitude a writer takes toward their subject or audience. There are nine basic types of tones: joyful, serious, humorous, sad, formal, informal, optimistic, pessimistic, and horror. Fluency refers to a natural flow and rhythm in writing, which can be achieved through proper use of punctuation like periods, question marks, and exclamation points. These punctuation marks indicate statements, questions, or emphasis at the end of sentences.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
Translation in media
1.
2. What is
Translation ?
Types of
Translation
Translation in
Advertisements
Translation in
Songs
Translation of
Our National
Anthem
Translation in
Cartoons
Translation in
T.V Serials
Translation in
News
Contents
6. Semantic And Literal Translation
• Semantic translation is translation of the meaning of a particular expression.
• It is also known as Free Translation.
• It takes into account the context and all other extra-linguistic features of the source
text while conveying it into the target language.
• Literal Translation is also known as word-for-word translation.
• It aims at finding exact equivalents of the words of the source language in the target
language with lesser regard to context and other socio-cultural attributes of the
expression.
7. Functional And Communicative Translation
• Functional translation is translation of a text or part of a text, or an approach
to translation, where the target text is intended to replicate the function of
the source text rather than to explain or analyse it in close detail.
• Communicative translation is free translation that attempts to recreate, in the
target language and culture, the function that the source text had or has within
its own language and culture. The opposite of literal or semantic translation.
8. • The three terms, administrative or technical or official translation, indicate the same
scope of translation- one which pertains to a professional requirements and is contrary
to entertainment or literary or translations for aesthetic purposes.
• It could be scientific or legal or simply put, technical in its subject matter.
Administrative , Technical , Official Translation
Transcreation
• Transcreation is effectively the art of adapting a text into another language.
10. • The purpose of the advertising translation is not just to
transfer the meaning of words, but also to attract potential
customers.
• Very often advertising slogans contain rhyme, and it is
pretty hard to translate them in verse form while preserving
the meaning.
• Translating does not only imply transferring words from
language A to language B, but also conveying the style, the
message, the tone, the tiniest features that characterise a text
and the peculiarities of each document.
11. • A good translation is a mixture of good quality, precision
and linguistic efficiency, where the translated text has the
same aim and the same impact as the original text.
• Effective translation also requires up-to-date software and
the ability to understand the needs of the client and those of
the final reader.
12. Some Badly Translated Advertisements
1. KFC
When American fast food giant KENTUCKY FRIED CHICKEN opened their first
restaurant in Beijing in 1987, they accidentally translated KFC's famous slogan,
“Finger-lickin' Good” to “We'll Eat Your Fingers Off!” in Chinese.
13. 2. PEPSI
Pepsi's slogan “We Bring You
Back To Life” caused a bit of
panic in China, where they read it
as, “We Bring Your Ancestors
Back From The Grave.”
3.FORD PINTO
The Ford Motor Company introduced
the subcompact Pinto in 1971. The
company couldn't understand why
they weren't selling more cars in
Brazil, until they learned that “Pinto”
is Brazilian slang for “Male
Genitals.”
15. MONDEGREEN
• A Mondegreen is the mishearing or misinterpretation of a phrase as a
result of near-homophony, in a way that gives it a new meaning.
• Mondegreens are most often created by a person listening to a poem or a
song; the listener, being unable to clearly hear a lyric, substitutes words
that sound similar, and make some kind of sense.
• A closely related category is soramimi—songs that produce unintended
meanings when homophonically translated to another language.
• The unintentionally incorrect use of similar-sounding words or phrases in
speaking is a malapropism.
16. • "Gladly, the cross-eyed bear (from the line in the hymn "Keep Thou
My Way" by Fanny Crosby and Theodore E. Perkins, "Kept by Thy
tender care, gladly the cross I'll bear") Carroll and many others
quote it as "Gladly the cross I'd bear."
• There's a bathroom on the right (the line at the end of each verse
of "Bad Moon Rising" by Creedence Clearwater Revival: "There's a
bad moon on the rise")
• ′Scuse me while I kiss this guy (from a lyric in the song "Purple
Haze" by The Jimi Hendrix Experience: "Scuse me while I kiss the
sky").
The Top Three Mondegreens Submitted Regularly To Mondegreen
Expert Jon Carroll Are:
17. Hindi Song “OFFO” Translated In English Word To Word
Dil ka dimaag se
Jhagda lagaaya kaise
Peechhe ke darwaaze se..
Dabe paanv aaya kaise
Thoda sa kameena
Thoda bechaara hai
Ishq bhoot sahi par ye
Bhoot badaa hi pyaara hai
How was a fight was planted
between the heart and mind.
From the back door,
how it came inside..
A little mean,
a little poor,
this love is a ghost,
but it's such a lovely ghost..
18. Offo! ise.. ise daant ke
bhagaaun
Offo! Ya.. ya seene se
lagaaun
Sar pe bithaaun, ya
thappad lagaaun
Offo..
O my! should I scold and send it
back..
Or should I embrace it..
should I put it on my head, or
should I slap it!
O my, my!
Dekho le ke aaya hai, pocket
mein sharaaratein
Tere jaisi hai zaraa, is ki bhi
aadatein
Upar se garam hai
Andar se naram hai
Thoda shareef bhi hai thoda
Thoda sa besharam hai
hai hai...
See it has brought mischieves in
pockets.
It's habits are like yours too.
It's hot from above,
and soft inside.
It's a little decent,
and a little shameless..
19. Our NATIONAL ANTHHEM
Jana Gana Mana Adhinaayak Jaya Hey,
Bhaarat Bhaagya Vidhaataa
Panjaab Sindhu Gujarat Maraatha,
Draavid Utkal Banga
Vindhya Himaachal Yamuna Ganga,
Uchchhal Jaladhi Taranga
Tav Shubh Naamey Jaagey,
Tav Shubh Aashish Maange
Gaahey Tav Jayagaathaa
Jana Gana Mangal Daayak,
Jaya Hey Bhaarat Bhaagya Vidhaataa
Jaya Hey, Jaya Hey, Jaya Hey,
Jaya Jaya Jaya, Jaya Hey
20. Translated In English
Thou art the ruler of the minds of all people,
Dispenser of India's destiny.
Thy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sindhu, Gujarat and Maratha,
Of the Dravida, Utkala and Bengal;
It echoes in the hills of the Vindhyas and Himalayas,
mingles in the music of Yamuna and Ganga and is
chanted by the waves of the Indian Ocean.
They pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise.
The saving of all people waits in thy hand,
Thou dispenser of India's destiny.
Victory, victory, victory to thee.
22. Cartoon translation appears to be a special field in screen translation.
It can be argued that when translating cartoons, creativity in use of the target
language could be explored, and a certain degree of re-writing of the language in the
dialogue could be acceptable, so that strategies should be applied to receive the effect
that the translated version sounds natural, educational and entertaining to the target
language audience.
It appears to be widely agreed that among all types of screen translation, translation of
cartoons is a form that can and perhaps should be realised by dubbing.
23. It is self evident that one of the major reasons why both dubbing countries and
subtitling countries choose to dub the translated cartoons rather than subtitle them is
that children, the most likely target audience of cartoon, in general, have not
developed their reading capacity as fully as most adults have to focus their attention
on reading subtitles all through the length of the films.
Children do not read subtitles as adults do, especially when watching cartoons, which
usually are “action-oriented” films.
24. Examples of Some Cartoons
• Cartoon Network is an Indian television
channel and this channel primarily airs
animated shows in four different languages:
Hindi, English, Tamil and Telugu. It is based
on the original American Version of the
channel and started airing on 1 May 1995 as
the first kids channel in India.
25. 1. Cartoon Network India is the only channel which aired the
English dubbed version of Heidi, Girl Of The Alps in 2001. This
show has not premiered on any other Cartoon Network channel
worldwide
English Version
Hindi Version
Japanese Version
26. 2. Similarly we have Pokémon series.
Pokémon , abbreviated from the Japanese title of Pocket Monsters , is a
Japanese children's anime television series, which has been adapted for the
international television markets
Japanese Version Hindi Version
27. • 3. X-Men: Evolution is an American animated television series about the Marvel Comics superhero
team X-Men. In this incarnation, many of the characters are teenagers rather than adults. The series
ran for a total of four seasons (52 episodes) from November 2000 until October 2003 on Kids' WB,
which has made it the third longest-running Marvel Comics animated series, behind only Fox Kids'X-
Menand spider-Man animated series. The series began running on Disney XD on June 15, 2009
American Version Indian Version
28.
29. • Indian television serials are dearly loved by the TV watchers.
They are telecasted in different languages through out the country
depending upon the region.
• Hindi serials in India are however the most popular ones in
Indian television. With the coming up of a large number of
channels through cable network, the exposure and expanse of
television serials in India also increases.
30. • Translation of serials is done by Dubbing the episodes.
• The Indian television serials deal with different messages and
themes for the society, or at times they are merely
entertainment.
• So, when translating the serials the theme and the message
remains the same, what changes is the language and the star
cast.
• Example:-
1) The very famous T.V show C.I.D that airs on Sony TV has its
two more translated season in Bengali and Kannada.
2) Punar Vivah that aired on Zee TV some days back is now
airing as Punar Vivaha in Kannada on Zee Kannada.
31.
32. TV Serials Translated From
English Into Spanish.
1. Heroes
2. Help me Help You
3. Monk
4. Crossing Jordan
TV Serials Translated From
Spanish Into English.
1. Reto Final
2. Soccer
3. España Viva
4. Living with Fran
Examples of Translation in T.V Serials
34. IMORTANCE OF TRANSLATION IN NEWS
Studies have been carried out on how and why articles on
international news are translated and edited as they are.
There are several processing stages between spotting an
event in a foreign country and the final news product,
printed for the readers.
These stages, as we know, involve translation and editing
(or rather transediting), transforming the language and
the structure of the original message by using strategies
such as re-organization, deletion, addition, and substitution
35. o Sri Lanka's government has apologized for errors in
translating official notices and documents into the
language of the minority Tamil community.
o One was of a sign that read "Reserved for pregnant mothers"
in Sinhala and English. A mistake changed that to "Reserved
for pregnant dogs" in Tamil.
Example :-
36. News Channels Broadcasting
News in HINDI
1. Aajtak
2. News India
3. Rajya Sabha TV
4. Lok Sabha TV
5. Ndtv India
6. Zee News
7. India TV
News Channels Broadcasting
News in ENGLISH
1. Times Now
2. Headlines Today
3. NDTV 24x7
4. NDTV Profit
5. News X
6. Times Now
7. NBC English News