Transfer learning with attenuation mechanism for mammogram image.pptx
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This document presents a mammogram image classification model that uses an attention mechanism with transfer learning. It discusses image classification and common network models like VGG-16 and ResNet50. It also covers the MIAS mammogram dataset, data augmentation, the proposed model architecture using an attention layer, training parameters, and results. The conclusions are that ResNet50 performs better with an attention layer, achieving better accuracy and loss than VGG16 with or without attention. Further optimization of features and the attention layer are identified for future work.
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This document discusses various modes of radioactive decay including alpha, beta, electron capture, and gamma decay. It provides examples of each type of decay, including equations to calculate the Q-value which represents the amount of energy released. The key points covered are:
1) Alpha decay involves emission of a helium nucleus and decreases the atomic number by 2 and mass number by 4. Beta decay can be beta minus, which converts a neutron to a proton, or beta plus which converts a proton to a neutron. Electron capture involves absorption of an inner orbital electron by a proton to form a neutron.
2) Equations are given to calculate the Q-value for each type of decay which represents the energy released. Examples of
Radiation Interactions.ppt
This document discusses radiation interactions with matter. It describes how different types of ionizing radiation interact with and deposit energy in matter. Photons can interact via photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, and pair production. Charged particles like electrons cause ionization and excitation as they pass through matter. Neutrons interact with nuclei via collisions or nuclear disintegration. The effectiveness of different types of interactions depends on the energy of the radiation and the atomic properties of the absorbing material. Depth dose profiles are compared for different particle beams like photons, electrons, protons, and neutrons.
Radiation Detection Principles.pptx
Radiation detection principles involve using detectors to determine if radiation is present, how much radiation exists, and characteristics of the radiation such as the isotope or energy. Common detector types include gas-filled detectors like proportional and Geiger-Muller counters, scintillation detectors using materials like sodium iodide, and solid state detectors made of semiconductors. Gas detectors work by ionizing gas when radiation passes through, while scintillation detectors use radiation-induced flashes of light and solid state detectors measure charge carriers freed in semiconductor materials.
Radiation Interactions.pptx
The document provides an overview of a course on radiation detection and protection. It discusses topics like the interaction of radiation with matter, basic principles of radiation detection using devices like ionization chambers and scintillation detectors. It also covers radiation quantities and units, shielding design, dose estimation from internal and external radiation exposures, transportation and disposal of radioactive materials, and safety standards.
More from Munir Ahmad (9)
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Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
This presentation covers the content and information on "Cytokines " and their role in immune regulation .
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
Evaporation step counter work. I have done a physical experiment.
(Work in progress.)
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvement
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
如何办理(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证本科学位证书原版一模一样
原版纸张【微信：741003700 】【(uvic毕业证书)维多利亚大学毕业证】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptx
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Bordettela is a gram negative cocobacilli spread by air born drop let
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingThe debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
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Cytokines and their role in immune regulation.pptx
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Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
Nucleic Acid-its structural and functional complexity.
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Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
20240520 Planning a Circuit Simulator in JavaScript.pptx
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
bordetella pertussis.................................ppt
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
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Transfer learning with attenuation mechanism for mammogram image.pptx
- 1. Mammogram Image Classification using Attention Mechanism with Transfer Learning Dr. Munir Ahmad Postdoc Software Engineering, University of Hertfordshire, UK PhD Medical Physics (Imaging), University College London, UK MSc Nuclear Engineering (Control Engineering), PIEAS, PK MSc Physics (Electronics), Punjab University, PK (munirahm@gmail.com)
- 2. Presentation Overview…….. What is image classification ? Networks used for image classification ? Standard Network models ? Mammogram dataset used ? Transfer Learning ? Attention mechanism ? Our model ? Results ? Conclusions ?
- 3. Cats and Dogs Image Classification…. Neural Network Model
- 6. A Standard CNN Model (VGG -16) Visual Geometry Group (Oxofrd University) 2014
- 8. Pre-Trained versions of CNN The ImageNet dataset contains 14,197,122 annotated images according to the WordNet hierarchy. These images are from 1000 classes.
- 9. Attention mechanism In the image below, say we only need to pay attention on this Balloon…. We can simply segment this balloon and only work with it instead of the rest of the image by masking the area with white….
- 10. Need for CAD Model….. Early diagnosis, better treatment Increased efficiency Increased accuracy To save radiologist time To save radiologist effort Socio economic effect – (screening) Save costs involved Etc.. CA Breast is the 2nd most common cancer in the world and in Pakistan almost 45% of cancers are CA Breast. The best screening diagnosis available is the mammography.
- 11. MIAS Dataset….. MIAS is a small dataset Total number of images: 323 Malignant: 53 Benign: 63 Normal: 207
- 12. Data Augmentation & Pre-Processing…. Operation used for pre-processing
- 16. Methodology…… True Positive: Positive as Positive (TrP) False Positive: Positive as Negative (FaP) True Negative: Negative as Negative (TrN) False negative: Negative as Positive (FaN) 𝐴𝑐𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑦 = 𝑇𝑟𝑃 + 𝑇𝑟𝑁 𝑇𝑟𝑃 + 𝐹𝑎𝑃 + 𝑇𝑟𝑁 + 𝐹𝑎𝑁 × 100% 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑇𝑟𝑃 𝑇𝑟𝑃 + 𝐹𝑎𝑃 × 100% 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 𝑇𝑟𝑃 𝑇𝑟𝑃 + 𝐹𝑎𝑁 × 100% 𝐹1 = 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 × 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 + 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑙 × 2 Precision can be seen as a measure of quality, and recall as a measure of quantity. Higher precision means that an algorithm returns more relevant results than irrelevant ones, and high recall means that an algorithm returns most of the relevant results (whether or not irrelevant ones are also returned).
- 17. Accuracy…with selected batch size…
- 18. Accuracy – with selected batch size…
- 19. Loss…..with selected batch size….
- 20. Loss…..with selected batch size….
- 22. Conclusions • Test and training accuracy and loss is better for VGG16 without attention layer. • ResNet50 performs better with attention layer for all malignant, normal and benign cases. • Similarly, test and training accuracy and loss is better for ResNet50 with attention layer. • Feature extraction points need to be optimized – Future Work. • Use of attention layer needs to be optimized – Future Work. • For malignant cases, VGG16 perform equal with or without attention layer for precision and recall.
- 23. Thank you……