This document discusses different types of traction used in orthopedics. It defines traction as applying a stretching force to parts of the body. Traction is used to reduce fractures and dislocations, immobilize painful joints, prevent deformity, and correct soft tissue contractures. The document describes different methods of skin traction including Buck's traction and Bryant's traction, as well as skeletal traction using pins in the femur, tibia, or calcaneus. Complications of traction include infection, nerve injury, and distraction at the fracture site.

1. AJIMSHA SHOUKATH
09M2386

2. WHAT IS TRACTION ?
Traction - the application of a force to
stretch certain parts of the body in a
specific direction

3. WHY DO WE NEED TRACTION ?
Reduction of fractures and dislocations and their
maintenance
For immobilizing a painful, inflamed joint
For the prevention of deformity, by counteracting
the muscle spasms associated with painful joint
conditions.
For correction of soft tissue contractures by
stretching them out

4. TRACTION
 Controls pain.
 Reduces fracture.
 Maintain reduction.
 Prevents & corrects deformity.

5. TRACTION
 Based on principle
Fixed traction
Sliding traction

6. FIXED TRACTION
 Traction is applied to the leg against a fixed point of
counter pressure.
 Fixed traction inThomas’s splint
 Roger Anderson well-leg traction
 Halo-PelvicTraction

7. THOMAS SPLINT
 Used for # shaft of femur
 Counter traction provided by ischealTuberosity

8. SLIDING TRACTION
 When the weight of all or part of the body,
acting under the influence of gravity, is utilized
to provide counter-traction.

9. TYPES OF TRACTION ON
APPLICATION
Skin traction
 Adhesive
 Non – adhesive
SkeletalTraction

10. SKIN TRACTION

11. SKIN TRACTION
 Traction force is applied over a large area of
skin
 Applied over limb distal to fracture site
 Anteromedial and posterolateral part should
be covered with cotton.

12. SKIN TRACTION
 Adhesive skin traction:
 Maximum weight 6.7 kg
 Non-adhesive skin traction
 Maximum weight should not exceed 4.5 kg
 Used in thin and atrophic skin,
 skin sensitive to adhesive strapping.

13. COMMON SKIN TRACTIONS
 Buck’sTraction
 Hamilton RusselTraction
 Tulloch BrownTraction
 Gallow’s or Brayant’sTraction
 Modified Brayan’sTraction

14. Buck’s Traction
 Often used
preoperatively for
femoral fractures
 Can use tape
 No more than 5 kgs

15. HAMILTON RUSSEL TRACTION
 Below knee skin traction is applied
 A broad soft sling is placed under the knee

16. BRYANT’S (GALLOW’S )
TRACTION
 the treatment of fracture shaft femur in
children up to age of 2 yrs.
 Weight of child should be less than 15- 18 kg
 Above knee skin traction is applied bilaterally
 Tie the traction to the over head
beam.

17. MODIFIED BRYANT’S TRACTION
 Sometimes used as a initial
management of developmental
dysplasia of hip (1YR)
 After 5 days of Bryant’s traction,
abduction of both hips is begun
increased by about 10 degree
alternate days.
 By three weeks hips should be fully
abducted.

18. SKIN TRACTION
COMPLICATIONS Of Adhesive SkinTraction :
 Allergic reactions to adhesives.
 Excoriation of skin.
 Pressure sores over bony prominences and
tendoachillis.
 Common peroneal nerve palsy.

19. SKELETAL TRACTION

20. SKELETAL TRACTION
 pin or wire
 more frequently used in lower limb fractures
 Should be reserved for those cases in which
skin traction is insufficient.
 Generally used when more weight is needed
to give traction.
 To treat fractures conservatively.

21. SKELETAL TRACTION
 SITES
 Upper tibial
 Lower femoral
 Lower tibial
 Calcaneus
 Olecrenon
 Metacarpel

22. SOME SKELETAL TRACTIONS
 Lateral or Upper FemoralTraction
 Nintey / Nintey traction
 Olecrenone traction
 Perkin’sTraction

23. LATERAL or UPPER FEMORAL
TRACTION
 For the management of central
fracture dislocation of the hip
 about 2.5 cm from most prominent
part of greater trochanter mid way
between ant. And post. surface of
femur
 threaded screw
 Attach weight upto 9 kgs
 Traction to continued for about 4-6 wks

24. NINETY / NINETY TRACTION
 Used for sub trochanteric fractures and those
in the proximal third of the shaft of the femur
 Management of fractures with posterior
wound is easier
 Traction is given through lower femoral pin,
which is more efficient, or by upper tibial pin.

26. SKELETAL TRACTION
COMPLICATIONS
 Infection
 Cut out
 Distraction at fracture site
 Nerve Injury

27. CERVICAL TRACTIONS
 SKINTRACTION Head Halter traction
 SKELETALTRACTION
Crutchfield tongs
Cone or Barton tongs

28. Head Halter traction
 Simple type cervical
traction
 Management of neck pain
 Weight should not exceed
3 kg initially
 Can only be used a few
hours at a time
 Head end should be
elevated to give counter
traction

29. CERVICAL TRACTIONS
LEVELLEVEL MAX. WTMAX. WT
C2C2 4.5-5.4 Kg4.5-5.4 Kg
C3C3 4.5-6.7Kg4.5-6.7Kg
C4C4 6.7-9.0Kg6.7-9.0Kg
C5C5 9.0-11.3Kg9.0-11.3Kg
C6C6 9.0-13.5Kg9.0-13.5Kg
C7C7 11.3-15.8Kg11.3-15.8Kg