The document discusses integrating technology into teaching and describes it as a "wicked problem" that requires creative solutions. It introduces the TPACK framework, which represents the intersection of teachers' technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge. Developing TPACK requires addressing challenges such as preparing digital immigrant teachers and outdated school environments and curricula. Creative solutions to integrating technology should be novel, effective, and whole. Examples are provided, along with a link to a TPACK framework activity.

1. Integrating Technology into Teaching
TPACK
Steve Swan
University of Louisville

2. Integrating Technology
into Teaching
TPACK
Steve Swan
University of Louisville

3. Integrating technology into teaching can
be viewed as a “wicked problem”.
TPACK
Requirements are incomplete,
contradictory, and changing
Unique, no two wicked problems are
the same
Solutions are difficult to realize
Solutions are not “right’ or “wrong”
Solutions do not have “stopping
rules”

4. If we teach today as we taught yesterday,If we teach today as we taught yesterday,
then we rob our children of tomorrow.then we rob our children of tomorrow.
~John Dewey~John Dewey

5. “Much of education today is monumentally
ineffective.
All too often we are giving young people cut
flowers when we should be teaching them to grow
their own plants.”
John Gardner

6. NETS(National Educational Technology Standards)
Teacher Standards for Teaching with Technology
1. Facilitate and Inspire Student Learning and
Creativity
2. Design and Develop Digital-Age Learning
Experiences and Assessments
3. Model Digital-Age Work and Learning
4. Promote and Model Digital Citizenship and
Responsibility
5. Engage in Professional Growth and Leadership
International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE), 2008

7. What does history tell us…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=B9gB6AP3BEs

8. Teacher Knowledge
Content
Content Knowledge (CK) is knowledge about the actual subject
matter that is to be learned or taught. The content to be covered
varies greatly by age level and subject- matter.

9. Teacher Knowledge
Pedagogy
Pedagogical Knowledge (PK) is deep knowledge about the
processes and practices or methods of teaching and learning
and how it encompasses (among other things) overall
educational purposes, values and aims.

10. Teacher Knowledge
Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Content Pedagogy
PCK
In considering the relationship between content and
pedagogy, the key question is how disciplines differ from
each other and whether disciplines can or should be
taught through the same instructional strategies.

11. Teacher Knowledge
Pedagogical Content Knowledge Relationship
Discipline Differences
•Description of context, conditions, facts, functions, assumptions, and
goals
•Selection of relevant information and critical elements
•Representation: organizing, illustrating, and modifying elements and
relations
•Inference: drawing conclusions, forming propositions
•Synthesis: composing wholes from parts, filling gaps, developing
course of action –
•Verification: confirming accuracy and results, judging validity, using
feedback

12. Teacher Knowledge
Technology
Understanding the impact of technology (TK) on the
practices and knowledge of a given discipline is critical if
we are to develop appropriate technological tools for
educational purposes.

13. Teacher Knowledge for the
21st Century
Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge
Technology, Pedagogy, and Content Knowledge
The Total Package for Teaching in the 21st Century!
Content Pedagogy
TPCKTechnology
TPACK

14. Teacher Knowledge for the
21st Century
TPACK is the intersection of all 3 bodies of knowledge
Understanding goes beyond the knowledge of each in
isolation. Instead it is how they interact with each
other
Content Pedagogy
TPCKTechnology
TPACK

15. -Borrowing from PCK
 An overarching conception
of what it means to teach
particular content topics;
 Knowledge of students’
understandings, thinking,
and learning of particular
subject matter topics;
 Knowledge of curriculum
and curriculum materials
with learning and teaching
subject matter topics;
 Knowledge of instructional
strategies and
representations for teaching
and learning particular
content topics.
 Grossman, 1989,1990
 An overarching conception of what it
means to integrate technology to
teach particular content topics;
 Knowledge of students’
understandings, thinking, and learning
of particular subject matter topics with
technology;
 Knowledge of curriculum and
curricular materials that integrate
technology with learning and teaching
subject matter topics;
 Knowledge of instructional strategies
and representations for teaching and
learning particular content topics with
appropriate technologies.
 Niess, 2005
PCK TPACK

16. Preparing Teachers to Teach with Technology -
Guiding Development of TPACK
The challenges
 Digital emigrants from 20th century
 20th century learning in K-12
 20th century college subject matter teaching
 20th century teacher preparation programs
 Teacher educators
 Cooperating teachers
 20th century school classrooms, curriculum,
instruction
 Technology access
 TPACK developmental process

17. Impossible?

18. Integrating technology into teaching can
be viewed as a “wicked problem”.
TPACK
Teaching with
technology is a
WICKED PROBLEM!

19. Integrating technology into teaching can
be viewed as a “wicked problem”.
TPACK
Wicked Problems
require
CREATIVE
SOLUTIONS

20. Integrating technology into teaching can
be viewed as a “wicked problem”.
TPACK
Creativity is seen as
Novelty
Novelty must be
joined to Purpose

21. Creative Solutions are Novel, Effective ,
and Whole (NEW)
TPACK
-Novel Fresh, unusual, unique, surprising,
startling, astonishing, astounding, germinal,
trendsetting, radical, revolutionary, influential,
pioneering
- Effective Valuable, important, significant,
essential, necessary, logical, sensible,
relevant, appropriate, adequate, functional,
operable, useful, user-friendly
- Whole Organic, ordered, arranged,
organized, formed, complete, elegant,
graceful, charming, attractive, refined,
complex, intricate, ornate, interesting,
understandable, meaningful, clear, self-
explanatory, well crafted, skillful, well made,
meticulous

22. Creative Solutions are Novel, Effective ,
and Whole (NEW)
TPACK
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=FOYCmPUVFfs

23. Creative Solutions are Novel, Effective ,
and Whole (NEW)
TPACK
A school develops a
creative way to
showcase their love of
science
http://uleap.louisville.edu/groups
/brandeisbiomes/

24. Creative Solutions are Novel, Effective ,
and Whole (NEW)
TPACK
Teachers working in
challenging schools try
using technology and a
different pedagogy to
teach their content.
VoiceThread and Distributed Learning/
Wiki as Supplemental Resource

25. Creative Solutions are Novel, Effective ,
and Whole (NEW)
TPACK
Inservice teachers as a part of their
understanding of Digital Citizenship
create a series of PSA’s on Digital
Citizenship
Digital Citizenship PSA’s

26. TPACK Framework Activity
http://tpackcehd.wikispaces.com/

27. TPACK Framework Activity

28. TPACK Framework Activity
• Content knowledge
• Pedagogy Knowledge
• Technology Knowledge
• TPACK Solution