An examination of three traits encouraged by social networks--narcissism, insecurity, and isolation--that lead to negative behaviours among users and, ultimately, unhappiness.
Trauma bonding is a psychological response to abuse. It occurs when the abused person forms an unhealthy bond with the person who abuses them.
Abuse is never your fault. Neither is the development of a trauma bond.
For anyone who may have developed a trauma bond, help is available. Many organizations provide emotional support and advice about staying safe, both during the abuse and afterward.
Measuring the Influence of Social MediaBrian Cavoli
by Brian Cavoli
One of the most common questions companies have today about social media is how to measure and evaluate success of their efforts. Since we are well beyond need to “do it because it’s cool”, marketers need to demonstrate how their blogging, community participation and influencer outreach is impacting their business.
Social media is all about relationships. Everything you do in social media is about cultivating and nurturing the relationships of the people that shape your brand. The different ways to measure that influence is what the slides below are all about.
This short presentation summarizes the different types of influence in social media and how they can be measured. Since that elusive business impact is so difficult to quantify, I included some interesting industry studies that point to the specific ways social media is impacting business results.
I’d love to hear what you think about these slides and if you have additional ideas to make the story better. Leave a comment, send an email or find me on Twitter (@bcavoli)
Here are 5 negative effects of social media. For positive effects, visit the link: http://vkool.com/effects-of-social-media/.
Social media have a lot of positive effects on marketing and connecting people around the world. However, there are also some disadvantages of social media. Keep reading for more information.
1. A Fall Sense Of Connection
According to many researches, social networking sites such as Twitter and Face-book help connect many people, but they also make it hard for users to distinguish their truly meaningful relationships in their real life. Though there are more and more casual relationships built through social media, more and more people are feeling lonely in the real world. When people spend their free time on social networking sites, there is less time for face-to-face conversations with relatives, friends, and neighbors. This means that their real connections weaken.
2. Lower Productivity
A lot of people seem to addict to social networking sites, and unable to work at 100% of their working productivity. For example, people are eager to log in their Face-book or Twitter to see what their friends share each day, even when they are at work. After logging in, they find so many things to view and read there that they cannot get back to work quickly. This reduces their productivity at work.
3. Self-Esteem Affected
Comments on social networking sites can negatively affect users’ self-esteem. When people make a comparison with their friends in their network, they may find out that they do not have as many likes or comments as their friends do; as a result, they will feel less confident.
4. Cyber-Bullying
Cyber-bullying is one of the top negative effects of social media. Comments with offensive words can mentally attack the victims, and leave bad emotional scars. Some victims decided to suicide as the only way to finish the pain caused by cyber-bullying. Cyber-bullying has also made many teenagers depressed. Some of them chose to stop going to school as an escape. Some even dare not go out due to deep emotional hurt caused by words in comments.
5. Distraction
When people spend too much time checking updated statuses on social networking sites, they cannot focus on their daily tasks. Facebook and Twitter are continually updated with new statuses which really attract users. This causes a big distraction from study, work, or family tasks. A student who is addicted to Facebook may not complete his homework. A mother who spends too much time on social networking sites may not fulfill the duty with her children. A staff, who spends too much time on Twitter or Facebook may not complete his tasks at work.
Besides many positive effects, social media has some negative effects. People should use social media wisely to get their advantages, and avoid or minimum their negative effects. Users should use social media as means of communication or work rather than being addicted to them.
with Melissa Morgan (www.ememdesign.com)
An introduction to gauging the impact of social-media on society in this media saturated, hyper-networked, über-techie, digitally innovative world.
An examination of three traits encouraged by social networks--narcissism, insecurity, and isolation--that lead to negative behaviours among users and, ultimately, unhappiness.
Trauma bonding is a psychological response to abuse. It occurs when the abused person forms an unhealthy bond with the person who abuses them.
Abuse is never your fault. Neither is the development of a trauma bond.
For anyone who may have developed a trauma bond, help is available. Many organizations provide emotional support and advice about staying safe, both during the abuse and afterward.
Measuring the Influence of Social MediaBrian Cavoli
by Brian Cavoli
One of the most common questions companies have today about social media is how to measure and evaluate success of their efforts. Since we are well beyond need to “do it because it’s cool”, marketers need to demonstrate how their blogging, community participation and influencer outreach is impacting their business.
Social media is all about relationships. Everything you do in social media is about cultivating and nurturing the relationships of the people that shape your brand. The different ways to measure that influence is what the slides below are all about.
This short presentation summarizes the different types of influence in social media and how they can be measured. Since that elusive business impact is so difficult to quantify, I included some interesting industry studies that point to the specific ways social media is impacting business results.
I’d love to hear what you think about these slides and if you have additional ideas to make the story better. Leave a comment, send an email or find me on Twitter (@bcavoli)
Here are 5 negative effects of social media. For positive effects, visit the link: http://vkool.com/effects-of-social-media/.
Social media have a lot of positive effects on marketing and connecting people around the world. However, there are also some disadvantages of social media. Keep reading for more information.
1. A Fall Sense Of Connection
According to many researches, social networking sites such as Twitter and Face-book help connect many people, but they also make it hard for users to distinguish their truly meaningful relationships in their real life. Though there are more and more casual relationships built through social media, more and more people are feeling lonely in the real world. When people spend their free time on social networking sites, there is less time for face-to-face conversations with relatives, friends, and neighbors. This means that their real connections weaken.
2. Lower Productivity
A lot of people seem to addict to social networking sites, and unable to work at 100% of their working productivity. For example, people are eager to log in their Face-book or Twitter to see what their friends share each day, even when they are at work. After logging in, they find so many things to view and read there that they cannot get back to work quickly. This reduces their productivity at work.
3. Self-Esteem Affected
Comments on social networking sites can negatively affect users’ self-esteem. When people make a comparison with their friends in their network, they may find out that they do not have as many likes or comments as their friends do; as a result, they will feel less confident.
4. Cyber-Bullying
Cyber-bullying is one of the top negative effects of social media. Comments with offensive words can mentally attack the victims, and leave bad emotional scars. Some victims decided to suicide as the only way to finish the pain caused by cyber-bullying. Cyber-bullying has also made many teenagers depressed. Some of them chose to stop going to school as an escape. Some even dare not go out due to deep emotional hurt caused by words in comments.
5. Distraction
When people spend too much time checking updated statuses on social networking sites, they cannot focus on their daily tasks. Facebook and Twitter are continually updated with new statuses which really attract users. This causes a big distraction from study, work, or family tasks. A student who is addicted to Facebook may not complete his homework. A mother who spends too much time on social networking sites may not fulfill the duty with her children. A staff, who spends too much time on Twitter or Facebook may not complete his tasks at work.
Besides many positive effects, social media has some negative effects. People should use social media wisely to get their advantages, and avoid or minimum their negative effects. Users should use social media as means of communication or work rather than being addicted to them.
with Melissa Morgan (www.ememdesign.com)
An introduction to gauging the impact of social-media on society in this media saturated, hyper-networked, über-techie, digitally innovative world.
Hashtags with Gionee Profile.
This will give you a clear view for the company profile and Hashtags. Guys look at it and simplify your life and your exploration
When Narcissistic Abuse is Domestic Violence: "Why didn't you leave?" -Things...Jeni Mawter
Domestic abuse, or Domestic Violence, is a scourge world-wide. It destroys families, relationships and communities. Typically, the public is presented with physical abuse as the main parameter of Domestic Violence - blood and bruises - but there is another form of abuse that is hidden, leaves no physical scars but is even more decimating. This is Domestic Violence from prolonged Narcissistic Abuse. This is a personal story of the pernicious nature of Narcissistic Abuse which can, over time, lead to brain trauma or injury. A cautionary tale of our time.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
Hashtags with Gionee Profile.
This will give you a clear view for the company profile and Hashtags. Guys look at it and simplify your life and your exploration
When Narcissistic Abuse is Domestic Violence: "Why didn't you leave?" -Things...Jeni Mawter
Domestic abuse, or Domestic Violence, is a scourge world-wide. It destroys families, relationships and communities. Typically, the public is presented with physical abuse as the main parameter of Domestic Violence - blood and bruises - but there is another form of abuse that is hidden, leaves no physical scars but is even more decimating. This is Domestic Violence from prolonged Narcissistic Abuse. This is a personal story of the pernicious nature of Narcissistic Abuse which can, over time, lead to brain trauma or injury. A cautionary tale of our time.
This program is part of a comprehensive School Mental Health and High School Curriculum Guide.
Find out more about the guide by visiting:
teenmentalhealth.org
An Introduction to Social Network Analysis and Its Application in Software En...PUCRS University
This is a short tutorial on social network analysis applied to software engineering for beginners. Main social network analysis are presented along with examples of their application from literature. Reading recommendation is provided. This material was presented at the Workshop on Agile Methods for Distributed Teams organized by Prof. Tayana Conte, UFAM, Manaus, Brazil, on late Nov 2012.
A beginner’s guide to social network analysis for social media and strat comm professors.
From a social network analysis fan with much to learn!
http://Netlytic.org
Overview of how to use the network visualization tool https://netlytic.org/home/?page_id=2
Tutorial for using Netlytic: https://youtu.be/F6scVtMGKFE
Additional Resources
♣ Basics of social network analysis slides
♣ Blog post “A Quick, Interactive Activity for Introducing the Concept of Digital Influencers”: http://mattkushin.com/2018/03/19/digital-influencers-easy-classroom-activity/
♣ Blog post detailing the below assignment: http://mattkushin.com/2017/04/24/teaching-basic-social-network-analysis-of-instagram-and-twitter-data-using-netlytic-org-post-4-of-4/
LSS'09 Keynote Making Sense Of The Networked Audience, Dr B HoganLocal Social Summit
Making sense of the networked audience: The case of Facebook
- Dr. Bernie Hogan is a Research Fellow at the Oxford Internet Institute
Social media sites are excellent at gathering friends, but not so great at making sense of them. This leads to social information overload: too many ties, too much information and too much tedium. There is a great deal of information latent in these friendships that can be used to make sense of our networks, both spatially and relationally. Particularly through the use of social network analysis (SNA), we can discover hidden influencers and coherent clusters. This talk will give an overview of some concepts of social network analysis and demonstrate how these can be applied to online social media sites.
Bernie will use as case study his ongoing fieldwork on Facebook with Microsoft Research that demonstrates mismatches between the way individuals organize their online friendships and the way that order emerges from the friendships naturally. These findings will be distilled into some general principles that can be applied to social network sites generally.
These slides are for my talk for the Somerville College Mathematics Reunion ("Somerville Maths Reunion", 6/24/17): http://www.some.ox.ac.uk/event/somerville-maths-reunion/
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Explanations of Homophily
1. SORTING - e.g. happy people tend to attract
other happy people, etc.
2. CONFOUNDING INFLUENCES – common or
shared environmental influences.
– Example: a McDonald’s opens and everyone
nearby gains weight.
3. ** Peer Influence **
• These slides will focus on the causal influences
that people have on one another both directly
and indirectly across social networks.
3. Network Fundamentals
• A Network (sometimes called a
‘graph’) consists of:
1. nodes and
2. ‘Ties’ (aka links or ‘edges’)
connecting them.
• Nodes are things (people,
computers, countries, etc.)
• Ties are relationships between
the nodes (friendships, trading
agreements, boundaries, etc.)
4. Networks
Advanced/Optional
• A network is ‘connected’ if you can get
from one node to any other node.
– Example: Alaska is not ‘connected’ to the
lower 48 states.
• Path length: minimum number of links
you’d have to cross to get from one node to
another.
– Average path length: average of all path
lengths between all nodes.
• Degree of a node: the number of links that
connect to it
– Average degree of a network: sum of all
the links divided by the number of nodes.
– Average degree of states is 4: on average,
each state connects to 4 others.
Connected network
Dis-connected network
5. ‘RULES’ OF NETWORKS
• RULE 1: WE SHAPE OUR NETWORK
• RULE 2: OUR NETWORK SHAPES US
• RULE 3: OUR FRIENDS AFFECT US
• RULE 4: OUR FRIENDS’ FRIENDS’ FRIENDS
AFFECT US
– Hyper-dyadic spread
• RULE 5: THE NETWORK HAS A LIFE OF ITS
OWN.
– Emergence
6. SIX DEGREES OF SEPARATION
• In the 1960s, a few hundred people in
Nebraska were asked to send a letter to a
businessman in Boston, someone they
didn’t know and a thousand miles away.
• They were asked to send the letter to
somebody they knew personally, who they
thought might know someone who would
know the businessman. They would then
forward the letter to somebody they knew
personally, and so on, until the letter
arrived in Boston.
• In 2002, this experiment was replicated by
Duncan Watts, globally, using email.
Stanley Milgram
Duncan Watts
7. SIX DEGREES OF SEPARATION
• We are just 6 degrees of separation from
everyone on the planet!
8. Networks are like…
• Our influence spreads
through our social
networks like
– Ripples in a pond, or
– Movements on a spider’s
web.
9. 3 Degrees of Influence
• We are connected to everybody else (on
average) by 6 degrees of separation.
• But our influence extends to about 3 degrees.
1 degree
2 degrees
3 degrees
10. Types of Influence
• DIRECT, aka DYADIC
• Dyad = a pair. A dyad
consists of two nodes.
• Dyadic spread =
influence between two
people; within a dyad.
• INDIRECT, aka HYPER-DYADIC
• Hyperdyadic spread =
influence from node to
another node with 2 or
more degrees of
separation.
EXAMPLE: RUMORS, VIRUSES
11. Spread of Emotions in Social
Networks
• EMOTIONS are contagious!
• Laughter epidemic in Tanzania, 1962…
12. Spread of Emotions in Social
Networks
• People ‘catch’ emotional states they observe in
others.
• We are biologically hard-wired to mimic others outward
expressions; when we do so, we also mimic their inner
emotional states.
– College freshmen who are randomly assigned to live with
mildly depressed roommates become increasingly
depressed over 3 months.
– Strongest paths are from daughters to both parents,
while parents’ emotional states had no effect on their
daughters. (??)
– Father’s emotions affected wives and sons, but not
daughters.
13. Obesity is contagious!
• If a mutual friend becomes obese (fat), it triples a person’s
risk of becoming obese!
• Mutual friends are twice as influential as the friends
people name who do not name them back.
• There’s no effect at all by others who name them as
friends if they do not name them back.
3x RISK, or 300% increase
MUTUAL FRIENDS: BOTH NAME
THE OTHER AS A CLOSE FRIEND
150% increase
Not influenced by A
NON-MUTUAL FRIENDS: PERSON A
NAMES PERSON B AS A FRIEND, BUT
PERSON B DOES NOT NAME PERSON A.
14. Dyadic Influence:
Happiness Effect
• For each happy friend you have, your chance
of being happy increases by 9%.
• Each unhappy friend decreases it by 7%.
+9%
-7%
+9%
YOU
+9%
15. 3 Degrees of Influence:
Happiness Effect
• If you are happy…
– 1st degree: your close friends are 15% more likely to be happy.
– 2nd degree: your friends’ friends are 10% more likely to be
happy
– 3rd degree: your friends’ friends’ friends are 6% more likely to
be happy.
15%
10%
6%
YOU
16. 3 Degrees of Influence:
Happiness Effect
• Compare this effect to having more money:
an extra $5,000 associated with only a 2%
increased chance of a person being happy!
15%
10%
6%
YOU
17. 3 Degrees of Influence:
Happiness Effect
• People with more friends of friends who are
happy are also more likely to be happy
compared to people with the same amount of
friends, but with fewer friends of friends.
A B
18. 3 Degrees of Influence:
Happiness Effect
• Person A has the same amount of friends as person B.
• Person A has more friends of friends.
• Person A is more likely to be happy than person B.
A
B
3 FRIENDS
9 FRIENDS OF FRIENDS
3 FRIENDS
3 FRIENDS OF FRIENDS
19. 3 Degrees of Influence:
Loneliness effect
• 1st degree: you are 52% more likely to be lonely
if you are directly connected to a lonely person
• 2nd degree: 25% more likely
• 3rd degree: 15% more likely
52%
25%
15%
YOU
20. Map of World Happiness
Note: The happiest country on earth is Denmark!
21. CLIQUES
• A CLIQUE is a network in which everyone is
connected to everyone else.
22. Small Worlds
• Small-worlds = short average distance
between unconnected people.
23. Small Worlds
• A small-world is a social network in which most nodes
are not neighbors of one another, but most nodes can
be reached from every other by a small number of
hops or steps.
– Small worlds have low average path lengths between any
two (randomly selected) people.
– For example: 6 degrees of separation.
24. Small Worlds
• Small worlds are made by connecting
separated cliques with weak ties.
– A clique of friends (strong ties) is connected to
other cliques by one members’ acquaintances
(weak ties)
25. Small Worlds
Optional/Advanced
• To Build a Small World network,
1. begin with a circle of nodes, each of which have 2 links to
their nearest neighbors (a regular network).
2. Select a node and link it to another randomly selected node.
• Whereas in a regular network, the path length (= average
‘degrees of separation’) between nodes increases with
network size, in small worlds, the average path length
remains low, and clustering (cliques) remains high.
26. Strong and Weak Ties
• In 1973, Mark Granovetter’s article “The
Strength of Weak Ties” showed that most
people got their current jobs through
acquaintances (i.e. “weak ties”) rather than
close friends.
• Weak ties are our bridge to the outside world.
27. Strong and Weak Ties
• Why are we so
connected???
• ‘Strong Ties’ = “close ties”-
close relationships (family,
friends).
• ‘Weak Ties’ = “distant”
ties- acquaintances;
neighbors, people we
don’t know as well.
28. Strong and Weak Ties
• Our ‘weak ties’ act as bridges. They connect
us to other groups of people we would not
know otherwise.
29. Hub and Spokes Networks
• Many social networks do not resemble small worlds,
and instead look like ‘hub and spokes’ networks: a
few nodes called HUBS have disproportionately many
links, while most nodes called SPOKES only have a
few links, connected mostly to the hubs.
30. Hub and Spokes vs Random Network
Optional/Advanced
• The degree distribution of a random network follows a bell curve, telling us
that most nodes have the same number of links, and nodes with a very large
number of links don’t exist. A random network is similar to a national
highway system, whereas a “scale-free” hub and spokes network is similar
to an air traffic system. A few nodes have most of the links.
Highway system Air traffic system
31. ‘Externalities’
• ‘Externalities’ refer to the ‘side-effects’ of a
social interaction affecting people not directly
involved (‘3rd parties’).
– Externalities = indirect influences.
– Positive Externalities are beneficial indirect effects.
– Negative Externalities are harmful indirect effects.
Editor's Notes
Note: “links” are also called ‘edges.’
Note: “links” are also called ‘edges.’
Questions: ‘who do you discuss important matters with’, ‘who do you spend your free time with?’ Average American has 4 close social contacts. 12% Americans said they have no one they could spend time with; 5% said 8. our core discussion network decreases as we age. No difference between women and men. E.g. homophily: Literally, “love of being alike” Hells Angels, Jehovah’s witnesses, coffee drinkers, drug addicts, stamp collectors, Republicans….
How is ‘happiness’ measured? Life satisfaction is typically measured with the following question:
All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days?
Note that growth alone will favor the older nodes, even if the links are randomly selected, since all nodes have a chance to link to the oldest nodes. “Seniority, however, is not sufficient to explain the power laws” (87).