Triglycerides of Modified Structure (TOMS) is a novel biofuel and chemical feedstock produced from natural oils and fats. TOMS provides 15-20% higher biofuel yields compared to conventional biodiesel without producing glycerol as a byproduct. TOMS can also be used to produce a limitless number of tailored molecules for oleochemical industries. The process for producing TOMS is universal for all types of oils and fats, utilizes every atom of biomass, has lower production costs than biodiesel, and produces a more stable and cleaner-burning fuel. In addition to its use as a biofuel, TOMS can be modified to produce novel bioplastics, lubricants, and
Fuel conversion IBR Boiler HSD to LPG .SoorajThakur3
Naveen Gas Service
Converted a oil firing combustion system of 2 TPH forbs Marshal IBR Boiler into LPG Gas Fired with LOT Gas Bank system with all safety features .
Performance, Combustion and Emission Evaluation of Fish and Corn Oil as subst...IDES Editor
The indiscriminate usage of fossil fuels in many
countries has led to an increased interest in the search for
suitable alternative fuels. Methyl Esters of Vegetable oils and
Animal fats are found to be good alternative, renewable and
environmental friendly fuels for C.I. engines.
This paper presents the results of investigation carried
out in studying the properties and behavior of methyl esters
of corn seed oil, fish oil and its blends with diesel fuel in a C
I Engine. Engine tests have been carried out to determine the
performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the
above mentioned fuels.
The tests have been carried out in a 4-stroke,
computerized, single cylinder, constant speed, direct injection
diesel engine at different loads. The loads were varied from
0% to 100% of the maximum load in steps of 25%. The Methyl
Ester blends of 10%, 20% and 30% by volume with diesel were
used. The engine test parameters were recorded with the help
of engine analysis software and were studied with the help of
graphs.
The results showed that the properties of the above mentioned
oils are comparable with conventional diesel. The 20% blend
performed well in running a diesel engine at a constant speed
of 1500 rpm. It substantially reduced the emissions with
acceptable efficiency. Hence the oils can be used as suitable
additives for diesel in compression ignition engine.
Fuel conversion IBR Boiler HSD to LPG .SoorajThakur3
Naveen Gas Service
Converted a oil firing combustion system of 2 TPH forbs Marshal IBR Boiler into LPG Gas Fired with LOT Gas Bank system with all safety features .
Performance, Combustion and Emission Evaluation of Fish and Corn Oil as subst...IDES Editor
The indiscriminate usage of fossil fuels in many
countries has led to an increased interest in the search for
suitable alternative fuels. Methyl Esters of Vegetable oils and
Animal fats are found to be good alternative, renewable and
environmental friendly fuels for C.I. engines.
This paper presents the results of investigation carried
out in studying the properties and behavior of methyl esters
of corn seed oil, fish oil and its blends with diesel fuel in a C
I Engine. Engine tests have been carried out to determine the
performance, emission and combustion characteristics of the
above mentioned fuels.
The tests have been carried out in a 4-stroke,
computerized, single cylinder, constant speed, direct injection
diesel engine at different loads. The loads were varied from
0% to 100% of the maximum load in steps of 25%. The Methyl
Ester blends of 10%, 20% and 30% by volume with diesel were
used. The engine test parameters were recorded with the help
of engine analysis software and were studied with the help of
graphs.
The results showed that the properties of the above mentioned
oils are comparable with conventional diesel. The 20% blend
performed well in running a diesel engine at a constant speed
of 1500 rpm. It substantially reduced the emissions with
acceptable efficiency. Hence the oils can be used as suitable
additives for diesel in compression ignition engine.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF MAHUA BIODIESEL IN A DI- DIESEL E...IAEME Publication
This work is focused to determine the performance and emissions characteristics of a naturally aspirated direct ignition diesel engine fueled with diesel fuel (DF), mahua biodiesel (MBD) and preheated mahua biodiesel (MBD-PH). The fatty acid composition of MBD is determined and its properties like density, viscosity, cetane number, calorific value and iodine value are also determined. Engine performance tests showed that brake specific fuel consumption of MBD is higher than that of DF.
Production of biodiesel from jatropha plantNofal Umair
Production of Bio-diesel from jatropha plant ....
By the increase in demand of fuel the resources are not as many to full control the demand of the world and the known reservoir wont last forever there fore an alternate energy source is required to fulfill the world fuel demand.
Comparative study on the accelerated thermal aging behavior between palm and ...journalBEEI
The suitability of natural ester oils as an insulating medium in power transformers is discussed in this paper. Owing to environmental concerns, natural ester oils have great potential as mineral oil substitutes in power transformers. In this paper, the aging behaviors of palm and rapeseed natural ester oils were compared with that for mineral oil. The performance of these natural ester oils was assessed based on their properties (moisture content, acidity, and relative content of dissolved decay products) after accelerated thermal aging. The results showed that the palm oil has better performance compared to the rapeseed oil after accelerated thermal aging for 1500 h because of its lower acidity. This was further supported by the presence of sludge in the rapeseed oil after 1500 h of aging.
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel of diesel, is described as fatty acid methyl ester from vegetable oils or animal fats. The main objectives of the present work is to reduce higher viscosity of Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) oil using esterification followed by transesterification and to assess the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine. The important properties of engine fuel such as density, viscosity, flash point and calorific value of Karanja methyl ester were compared with diesel fuel. Various proportions of Karanja oil methyl ester blends (10%, 20%, and 30%) were used for conducting the performance test at varying load conditions. Engine parameters such as brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency were calculated and emission parameter such as emission of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and oxide of nitrogen gases in exhaust were recorded. By using Karanja oil methyl ester blends with diesel fuel, the result showed that the brake thermal efficiency of biodiesel blends with diesel fuel wee less as compared to diesel fuel. Fuel consumption was increased with increase in blend proportions. It is found that the emission level of CO and HC level decreased with increased in blend proportion in diesel fuel. NOx emission increased with increase in blend proportion in diesel fuel. The test results indicate that biodiesel B-20 and lesser can be used as an alternative without any modifications of diesel engine.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WT...Working as a Lecturer
this ppt for the Dissertation work for the An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WTO – Diesel blend with Additives in a Diesel Engine,contain all detail anlysis with result.
Experimental Investigation on Use of Honge(Pongamia) Biodiesel on Multi-cylin...ijsrd.com
Biodiesel is a fatty acid alkyl ester which is renewable, biodegradable and non toxic fuel which can be derived from any vegetable oil by transesterifiaction process. Biodiesel has become a key source as a substitution fuel and is making its place as a key future renewable energy source. Biodiesel derived from vegetable oils are quite promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. Use of vegetable oils in diesel engines leads to slightly inferior performance and higher smoke emissions due to their high viscosity. The performance of vegetable oils can be improved by modifying them through the Transesterification process. In the present work, the performance of single cylinder direct injection diesel engine using honge as fuel was evaluated for its performance, emission and combustion characteristics. The properties of honge thus obtained are comparable with ASTM biodiesel standards. The produced honge biodiesel was tested for their use as a substitute fuel for diesel engine. Tests have been conducted at different varying load of biodiesel, at 60% throttle. The performance parameters elucidated includes brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, torque, also emission characteristics against varying Brake Power (BP) and combustion characteristics against crank angle.
Evaluation of Biodiesel as an Alternate Fuel to Compression Ignition Engine a...IJMER
To meet increasing energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternate fuels like biodiesel to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biodiesel offer a very promising alternate to diesel oil since they are renewable and have similar properties. Further it can be used with/without any modifications to the engine. It is an oxygenated fuel and emissions of carbon monoxide are less unlike fossil fuels, the use of biodiesel does not contribute to global warming as CO2 emitted is once again absorbed by the plants grown for vegetable oil/biodiesel production, thus CO2 balance is maintained. In the present work the Honge and Jatropha Curcas oil (Biodiesel) at various blends is used with pure diesel to study its effect on performance and emission characteristics of the engine. The performance of the engine under different operating conditions and blends are compared by calculating the brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption by using pure diesel and adding various blends of Honge and Jatropha Curcas oil to diesel. The exhaust gas analyzers and smoke meters are used to find the percentage of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions.
Office of Veterans Employment Services Federal Resume Development USAJOBSNapoleon Hardy
Creating and logging into the USAJOBS website to build a federal resume using the Resume Builder function
Federal Resume Builder
Federal Resume Workshop
Veterans Employment in Federal Service
Digital Dallas: AT&T TOMS Shoes Social SponsorshipChris Baccus
Presented at Digital Dallas on January 19, 2011 by AT&T and The Marketing Arm. The presentation features TOMS 1 million shoe drop contest and sponsorship last August.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF MAHUA BIODIESEL IN A DI- DIESEL E...IAEME Publication
This work is focused to determine the performance and emissions characteristics of a naturally aspirated direct ignition diesel engine fueled with diesel fuel (DF), mahua biodiesel (MBD) and preheated mahua biodiesel (MBD-PH). The fatty acid composition of MBD is determined and its properties like density, viscosity, cetane number, calorific value and iodine value are also determined. Engine performance tests showed that brake specific fuel consumption of MBD is higher than that of DF.
Production of biodiesel from jatropha plantNofal Umair
Production of Bio-diesel from jatropha plant ....
By the increase in demand of fuel the resources are not as many to full control the demand of the world and the known reservoir wont last forever there fore an alternate energy source is required to fulfill the world fuel demand.
Comparative study on the accelerated thermal aging behavior between palm and ...journalBEEI
The suitability of natural ester oils as an insulating medium in power transformers is discussed in this paper. Owing to environmental concerns, natural ester oils have great potential as mineral oil substitutes in power transformers. In this paper, the aging behaviors of palm and rapeseed natural ester oils were compared with that for mineral oil. The performance of these natural ester oils was assessed based on their properties (moisture content, acidity, and relative content of dissolved decay products) after accelerated thermal aging. The results showed that the palm oil has better performance compared to the rapeseed oil after accelerated thermal aging for 1500 h because of its lower acidity. This was further supported by the presence of sludge in the rapeseed oil after 1500 h of aging.
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel of diesel, is described as fatty acid methyl ester from vegetable oils or animal fats. The main objectives of the present work is to reduce higher viscosity of Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) oil using esterification followed by transesterification and to assess the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine. The important properties of engine fuel such as density, viscosity, flash point and calorific value of Karanja methyl ester were compared with diesel fuel. Various proportions of Karanja oil methyl ester blends (10%, 20%, and 30%) were used for conducting the performance test at varying load conditions. Engine parameters such as brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency were calculated and emission parameter such as emission of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and oxide of nitrogen gases in exhaust were recorded. By using Karanja oil methyl ester blends with diesel fuel, the result showed that the brake thermal efficiency of biodiesel blends with diesel fuel wee less as compared to diesel fuel. Fuel consumption was increased with increase in blend proportions. It is found that the emission level of CO and HC level decreased with increased in blend proportion in diesel fuel. NOx emission increased with increase in blend proportion in diesel fuel. The test results indicate that biodiesel B-20 and lesser can be used as an alternative without any modifications of diesel engine.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WT...Working as a Lecturer
this ppt for the Dissertation work for the An Experimental Investigation on Performance and Emission Parameters using WTO – Diesel blend with Additives in a Diesel Engine,contain all detail anlysis with result.
Experimental Investigation on Use of Honge(Pongamia) Biodiesel on Multi-cylin...ijsrd.com
Biodiesel is a fatty acid alkyl ester which is renewable, biodegradable and non toxic fuel which can be derived from any vegetable oil by transesterifiaction process. Biodiesel has become a key source as a substitution fuel and is making its place as a key future renewable energy source. Biodiesel derived from vegetable oils are quite promising alternative fuels for diesel engines. Use of vegetable oils in diesel engines leads to slightly inferior performance and higher smoke emissions due to their high viscosity. The performance of vegetable oils can be improved by modifying them through the Transesterification process. In the present work, the performance of single cylinder direct injection diesel engine using honge as fuel was evaluated for its performance, emission and combustion characteristics. The properties of honge thus obtained are comparable with ASTM biodiesel standards. The produced honge biodiesel was tested for their use as a substitute fuel for diesel engine. Tests have been conducted at different varying load of biodiesel, at 60% throttle. The performance parameters elucidated includes brake thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, torque, also emission characteristics against varying Brake Power (BP) and combustion characteristics against crank angle.
Evaluation of Biodiesel as an Alternate Fuel to Compression Ignition Engine a...IJMER
To meet increasing energy requirements, there has been growing interest in alternate fuels like biodiesel to provide a suitable diesel oil substitute for internal combustion engines. Biodiesel offer a very promising alternate to diesel oil since they are renewable and have similar properties. Further it can be used with/without any modifications to the engine. It is an oxygenated fuel and emissions of carbon monoxide are less unlike fossil fuels, the use of biodiesel does not contribute to global warming as CO2 emitted is once again absorbed by the plants grown for vegetable oil/biodiesel production, thus CO2 balance is maintained. In the present work the Honge and Jatropha Curcas oil (Biodiesel) at various blends is used with pure diesel to study its effect on performance and emission characteristics of the engine. The performance of the engine under different operating conditions and blends are compared by calculating the brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption by using pure diesel and adding various blends of Honge and Jatropha Curcas oil to diesel. The exhaust gas analyzers and smoke meters are used to find the percentage of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrocarbons (HC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions.
Office of Veterans Employment Services Federal Resume Development USAJOBSNapoleon Hardy
Creating and logging into the USAJOBS website to build a federal resume using the Resume Builder function
Federal Resume Builder
Federal Resume Workshop
Veterans Employment in Federal Service
Digital Dallas: AT&T TOMS Shoes Social SponsorshipChris Baccus
Presented at Digital Dallas on January 19, 2011 by AT&T and The Marketing Arm. The presentation features TOMS 1 million shoe drop contest and sponsorship last August.
Social Media Marketing Plan methodologyDemand Metric
Use this methodology to create a social media marketing plan for your business. Get the associated tools & templates @ http://www.demandmetric.com/content/social-media-marketing-plan-methodology
Electricity:
-> electricity is mechanical power.
->they release stored chemical energy on combustion.
->Electricity used topower vehicles is commonly provided by batteries, but recently fuel cells are also being explored.
battery:
->it is device which is used to store electrical energy.
->in this chemical reactions are converted in to electrical powers
Advantages of electric fuel:
->The advantages of electric fuel/fuel cells are No tailpipe emissions.
->Vehicles using electric fuel demand less
maintenance.
->Electric fuel vehicle have less moving parts
to service and replace.
->Fuel cells vehicles are highly efficient.
->Fuel cells have high power density .
Disadvantages of electric fuel:
-> Batteries may take time in charging .
->Noble metal required for somefuel cells thereby increasing the cost.
->Impurities in the hydrogen can hamper cell
performance.
-> Costly technology
BIOHYDROGEN:
1slide:
->Biohydrogen is 1st generation biofuel and it is produced biologically
->Hydrogen can be produced from a number of different sources, including natural gas,water, methanol etc ..,
->Two methods are generally used to produce hydrogen:
(1) Electrolysis
(2) Synthesis gas production from steam reforming or partial oxidation
2slide:
Electrolysis:
-> 2 H2O(l) → 2 H2(g) + O2(g)
electrolysis of water diagram.......
3 slide:
Synthesis gas production from steam reforming or
partial oxidation:
.
-> C + ½ O2 → CO
-> CO + H2O → CO2 + H2
syntesis diagram.......,.
4slide:
Advantages:
->Hydrogen-air mixture burns nearly10timesfaster than gasoline-air mixture.
->Hydrogen has high self-ignition temperaturebut requires very little energy to ignite it
->.Clean exhaust, produces no CO2.
->As a fuel it is very efficient as there are no losses associated with throttling.
Disadvantages:
There is danger of back fire and induction ignition.
->Though low inexhaust,it produces toxic NOx
->it is diifficult to handle and store,requiring highcapital and running cost.
.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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Characterization of biodiesel produced by meth butanolysis of castor oileSAT Journals
Abstract Crude Castor oil was transesterified using methanol, mixtures of methanol and butanol in molar percentages and potassium hydroxide as catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions, based on the percentage yield of biodiesel, were 45 mins reaction time at 650C and 1.5w/w% catalyst. The alcohol/oil ratio and agitation rate were both held constant at 12:1 and 450rpm respectively throughout the process. The yield of biodiesel from castor oil at such optimum reaction conditions were 87.1%, 85.7 % and 81.7 for 100%, 95% and 90% methanol-butanol molar blends respectively. . The specific gravities at 150C were 0.898 and 0.902ml/g, kinematic viscosities at 400C varied from 6.4 to 7.8 cSt. The calorific values were between 10690 and 10708 cal/g and the flash points were found to be within the range 144 to 1500C. The standard specifications for biodiesel (ASTM D67651) show that the specific gravity, flash point and calorific value requirements were satisfied. The higher viscosity (above 6.0 cSt.) can be controlled by the use of additives. Alternatively, blending with petroleum diesel will lead to improvement of the flow properties of the biodiesel fuel. Keywords: Transesterification, Castor oil, methanol/butanol molar blend, Biodiesel yield.
What is this stuff on my filter, argentina 2009 (nx power lite)Phillip Bureman
Some users of biodiesel experience fuel filter failure at temperatures well above the cloud point of the fuel. Much research has been done on oxidative stability of B100. Very little research has been done on Bxx blends of biodiesel and petroleum diesel. This paper examines why biodiesel must always be treated with anti-oxidant not matter what the Racimat Induction Period of the base B100 fuel.
Similar to TOMS short presentation (3) [Autosaved] (20)
2. TOMS=Triglycerides of Modified Structure
FROM NATURAL OILS AND FATS we
manufacture:
1. NOVEL BIOFUEL PRODUCT TOMS RSPO CEN 590 RENEWABLE
DIESEL.
2. LIMITLESS NUMBER OF TAILOR MADE NEW MOLECULES FOR
THE OLEOCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES (TOMS2)
3. TOTALLY NEW CONCEPT:
“TOMS” i.e. Triglycerides Of Modified Structure
TOTALLY NEW CONCEPT AND APPROACH TO ELIMINATE AN
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM AND TO INCREASE BIOFUEL YIELDS OUT OF
TG’s BY AT LEAST 15 – 20 % WITHOUT GLYCEROL.
TRIGLYCERIDE >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MODIFIED TRIGLYCERIDE
C16 – C24 GLY esters PARTLY SHORT CHAINED
4. ADVANTAGES AND FAVOURABLE PROPERTIES OF THE NEW TOMS1
BIOFUEL AND PROCESS:
• EVERY ATOM OF BIOMASS TRIGLYCERIDES IS UTILIZED FOR FUEL PURPOSES
• UNIVERSAL PROCESS FOR ALL KINDS OF OILS/ANIMAL FATS
• 15 - 20 % EXTRA YIELD OF BIOFUEL FROM THE FEEDSTOCK
• BY RETAINING THE GLYCERYL BACKBONE NO NEED TO HANDLE A
BYPRODUCT NO GLYCEROL STREAMS 30% LESS PLANT COST
• “TOMS” CAN BE PRODUCED IN OLD BIODIESEL PLANTS, TOO (SOME
REVAMPING)
• LOWER MANUFACTURING COSTS
• 30% MORE OXYGEN CONTENT, BETTER COMBUSTION ! CLEAN BURN !
MINIMUM PARTICULATE MATTER !
• BETTER COLD FLOW PROPERTIES, CAN BE DESIGNED FOR SPECIFIC USE.
• WASTELESS, ECO-FRIENDLY PROCESS, NO WATER USED, NO SEWAGE
• MORE STABLE PRODUCT
• 100% RENEWABLE (“GREEN”) AS NO METHANOL USED IN CASE OF
BIOETHYL ACETATE USAGE
• CAN BE BLENDED TO PETRODIESEL WITHIN EN590 LIMIT!!! 80%
• ALSO UTILISED AS TOMS CEN 590 100% AS COMPLETE DIESEL REPLACER.
5. TOMS vs FAME EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
YELLOW: NOT NEEDED IN TOMS PRODUCTION = LESS CAPEX
6. Visual Difference:
FAME + Glycerol vs. TOMS from the same
volume of feedstock oil
a. FAME
b. Glycerol
c. TOMS, no glycerol, but + 15 - 20 % extra
fuel mass
7.01 7.00 6.70 6.45 6.23 5.98 5.56
7.12
6.42 6.75
6.18
5.51
4.98
5.61
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
992.2 1196.4 1292.9 1392.5 1593.8 1789.7 1894.7
SpecificNOxemission
[g/kWh]
Engine speed [1/min]
Comparison of the specific NOx emissions while engine full load
Specific
NOx
emission -
Diesel fuel
Specific
NOx
emission -
TBK
Biodiesel
0.680
0.380
0.230
0.190
0.118
0.078 0.106
0.110
0.085 0.070
0.042 0.027 0.015 0.0150.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
992.2 1196.4 1292.9 1392.5 1593.8 1789.7 1894.7
Smoke[1/m]
Engine speed [1/min]
Comparison of the smoke values while engine full load
Smoke
values -
Diesel fuel
0.502 0.523
0.501
0.468
0.513
0.488 0.480 0.459 0.442
0.485
0.090 0.092 0.086 0.097 0.099 0.093 0.089 0.091 0.085 0.088
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Smoke[1/m]
Measure ordinal number
Comparison of the free peak smoke values
Free peak
smoke - Diesel
fuel
Free peak
smoke - TBK
Biodiesel
Better Emission Values than Petrodiesel
c
a
b
7. EXAMPLE
RBD PO Stearin stocks usually create bottleneck, as
these are not so applicable for FAME manufacture,
owing to the high gelling point of the resulting
conventional BD (19 - 20°C).
However, using our TOMS methodology, we produce
+ 15 - 20% extra biofuel from this feedstock, with
greatly improved cold properties.
Similarly, from refined palm oil feedstock one gets
Fame with 15°C gelling point, whereas TOMS is still a
liquid below 4°C. (Potential for up to -12 GP from
Palm Oil Feedstock)
8. UNTIL NOW WE SPOKE ABOUT TOMS1:
TWO PHASE PRODUCTION AND APPLICABILITY OF TRIGLYCERIDES OF MODIFIED STRUCTURE
(„TOMS“)
Triglycerides Modified Triglycerides F A E E+
TOMS 1 BIOFUEL
separation
COMPONENT 1 C O M P O N E N T 2:
F A E E„LIGHT PLANT OILS“ WITH LOWERED
MOLECULAR MASSES, PARTIALLY CONTAINING
C2 SIDE CHAINS BESIDES ORIGINAL C16-C24
ACYL GROUPS ---
APPLICABLE AS HIGH VALUE ADDED PRODUCTS
TAILORED/DESIGNED
- LOWERED CALORIE FATS (DIETARY
SUPPLEMENTS)
- NOVEL MONOMERS FOR NOVEL BIOPOLYMERS
- NOVEL DEGRADABLE
BIOLUBRICANTS/HYDRAULIC FLUIDS
T
O
M
S
2
=
9. 2. TOMS FOR NON-FUEL PURPOSES:
SINCE WE CHANGE IN THE TOMS PROCESS THE CHEMICAL STRUCTURES OF
TRIGLYCERIDES, WE ATTAIN NEW MATERIALS WITH HIGHLY FLEXIBLE
MACRO PROPERTIES.
WE CAN MAKE HUNDREDS OF “NEW OILS” WHICH NOT AVAILABLE IN
NATURE!
HUNDREDS OF “NOVEL BUILDING“ BLOCKS CREATED FOR VARIOUS USES
TO REPLACE “PARENT OILS”
“TAILORED” (DESIGNED) TG’S WE CAN PRODUCE MEANT/FIT FOR A GIVEN
PURPOSE
NEW AND NOVEL END PRODUCTS WITH NEW AND NOVEL MATERIAL
PROPERTIES WILL BE GENERATED.
10. FURTHER R+D AND UPSCALING NEEDED:
POTENTIAL AREAS OF UTILIZATION OF OUR mTG’s:
TG-based bioplastics Reduced calorie fats Biolubricants
Owing to the immense variability
of our mTG’s as building blocks
for such polymerisations to
replace naturally occurring oils,
hosts of new and novel
bioplastics are bound to result,
with new, novel and unexpected
properties
(i.e. containing less numbers of
Carbon and Hydrogen atoms to be
burnt in the body) for
dietary/medicament purposes,
used as
lower- calorie fat replacers
Under brand names such
as Salatrim, Benefat, etc.
such structures have been
approved in the EU, USA,
etc.
„Lubricating oils based on renewable
sources such as vegetable and animal
oils and fats have a number of
advantages. The vegetable and
animal oils or fats contain
triglycerides having ester carbonyl
groups. The polar nature of these
ester carbonyl groups leads to strong
adsorption on metal faces as a very
thin film so that the film forming
properties of triglyceride based
lubricants are particularly
advantageous in hydraulic systems.
Vegetable oils and animal oils
typically have high viscosity indices
that facilitate their use over wide
temperature ranges. In addition,
vegetable and animal oil and fat
based lubricants help reduce the
depletion of fossil-derived
hydrocarbons. Moreover, vegetable
oil based lubricants are typically
biodegradable, which would help
reduce the introduction of waste
lubricants into the environment.
Currently, about 50% of mineral
lubricants used worldwide end up in
landfills and the like.”
11. PATENT AND OTHER REGULATORY SITUATION:
1. CEN, the European Committee for Standardization:
“As your product ………..cannot be considered FAME or FAEE, it falls under ´no-harm´
clausal in EN 590 for other bio-components.…..these components are allowed in any
proportions provided that the final blend complies with the requirements of EN 590”.
2. So fuel properties render this renewable fuel applicable in diesel
engines within broad limits
With the granting of our patents, our 1 and 3/4 years of priority over two
Chevron patents “Low melting point triglycerides for use as fuels - US
8,324,413 and 8,361,172”, pertaining to the same fuels and manufacturing
process, has been acknowledged
12. BEHIND TOMS
Name: Janos THESZ – THE INVENTOR OF „TOMS“
Born: 15. 09. 1949., Budapest, Hungary
Lives in Budapest, owner and managing director of TRANS-KEM Technical Consultancy,
working out new routes in chemical technologies, coordinating implementation of
the same (Hungary/Taiwan/India). Specialist in organic syntheses, organofluorides, biofuels.
Degrees:
-B. Sc. (Chem.Eng.) 1979, Budapest Technical University
-M. Sc. (Chemistry) 1983, Budapest Technical University
Professional experience:
1972-1977: Chemicals and Explosives Supervisory Board (working on oil well opening devices, shaped charges)
1977-1979: Institute of Enzymology (working on exploring active centres of enzymes)
1979-1987: laboratory manager at Chinoin Pharmaceutical Works (working on scaling up pyrethroid insecticides
syntheses)
1987-1991: deputy R&D manager at Chemicals and Explosives Supervisory Board (working on heat-resistant explosives for
the oil industry)
1991-1994: R&D manager at Budapest Chemical Works (conducting research on active ingredients and synthetic routes
for pesticides)
1994: forms own company, subcontractor of Chenco GmbH (Germany) for implementing fluoro-chemical technologies in
India (Navin Fluorine, Tanfac Industries), Taiwan (Formosa Plastics), China (Maui Group)
Patents: HU 197 292 (GB 2 178 030, DE 3 619 294, FR 2 583 045)
HU 209 385
HU 226 873 & WO (international) family