This document discusses several social processes: [1] Toleration occurs when parties realize conflict cannot be resolved and accept differences. Assimilation refers to the fusion of groups through shared experiences. Acculturation is significant cultural change through mutual adoption between contact groups. [2] Conflict arises when goals like resources are scarce. It is a struggle over claims that aims to both gain values and neutralize rivals. Simmel classified conflict into war, feud, litigation, and conflict of impersonal ideals. Compromise occurs when parties agree to settle for less. Competition is a struggle to secure rewards through direct or impersonal contact. [3] Conjunctive and disjunctive social processes are

1. TOLERATION
 This occurs when both parties realize
that a settlement of conflict is impossible.
ASSIMILATION
 refers to the process of interpenetration
and fusion in which persons and groups
acquire the memories, sentiments and
attitudes of other persons or groups and by
sharing their experiences and
history, which are incorporated with them
in cultural life (Ogburn & Nimkoff, 1970).

2. ACCULTURATION
 is a process and effect of significant
change through mutual borrowings and
adoptions by people of different cultures
in contact with some continuity
(Reynolds, 1971).
2. Disjunctive Social Processes
CONFLICT
 occurs when two goals with equal
importance (resources and opportunities)
are scarce.

3. COSER (1968)
 Conflict is a “struggle over values or
claims to status, power and scarce
resources in which the claims of the
conflicting parties are not only to give the
desired values but also to neutralize, injure
or eliminate rivals”.

4. SIMMEL classified Conflict into four:
1) WAR - A destructive and violent way to
settle conflicts and disputes, this is
resorted to by men when they have
tensions and economic, demographic and
technological differences.
2) FEUD – This conflict is rampant among
clans, fraternities and politics; it is
triggered by feelings of bitterness
between parties or groups.

5. 3) LITIGATION OR LEGAL BATTLE - This
occurs when conflict between individuals
or groups can no longer be resolved
amicably so it is taken to the courts when
a judge resides on a merits of the case.
4) CONFLICT OF IMPERSONAL IDEALS -
This is carried on by individuals or groups
for a principle or an ideal not for personal
benefit but for the group or society’s well
being.

6. Albitration - is often used to settle labor
disputes.
COMPROMISE
 occurs when the conflicting parties
agree to settle for less than their demand
objectives.
COMPETITION
 is a form of opposition or struggle to
secure reward or a material
object, position, leadership, prestige or
power
(Panopio, et. al., 1994).

7. TWO KINDS OF COMPETITION
1) Personal Competition - this involves
direct and face-to-face contact.
Individuals or groups may employ
baried strategies to excel in their fields
of specialization to be superior to
others .
2) Impersonal Competition - this refers to
individuals or groups or business
entities struggling, not directly aware of
each other’s presence.

8. SOCIAL PROCESSES:
THEIR INTERRELETIONSHIPS
 Conjunctive social processes and
disjunctive social processes are
interrelated.
 Cooperation exists side by side with
competition.
 Conflict, on the other hand, uses
accomodation as a condition and as a
process.