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Preparations for Extraction
• Intraoral radiograph all teeth to identify pathology or tooth & root
malformations
• Know the anatomy of the particular tooth
• Adequate visibility through lighting, magnification, hemostasis or
suction and use of air-water syringe
• Closed extraction (single rooted teeth) versus open extraction
(multirooted teeth)
Instruments and Surgical aids
• Good lighting and visual access
• Dental Technician or Assistant; 4 handed procedures
• Soft tissue retraction
• High speed dental unit
• High speed handpieces
• Suction
• Air water syringe
Canine maxillary 4th premolar extraction
Dental Bur types
• Round burs
• Carbide burs sizes # ¼ to # 4
• Rapid removal of alveolar bone
• Potential for soft tissue trauma
• Diamond bur
• Slower removal of bone
• Less soft tissue trauma
• Fissure burs
• Rapid cutting or sectioning action
Bur Size
• Bur # FG ¼ FG1/2 FG1 FG2 FG4
• Head dia. mm 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4
• Head length mm 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1
Luxators
• Tip narrow or thinner
• Act as a wedge in the periodontal ligament space
• Can be used with slight gentle rocking motion to advance along the
axis of the tooth root
• Tips manufactured with multiple width for different diameter roots
Elevators
• Tip thicker and more robust
• Can apply more rotational force to a tooth root
• May be winged or straight sided
• Tips manufactured with multiple width for different diameter roots
• Can be used to elevate roots by a wheel and axle type force for larger
roots such as a canine tooth root
Luxators
Elevators
Canine maxillary 1st molar extraction
Flap for maxillary molar
• Identify parotid salivary duct
• Blunt dissection to minimize
trauma to the duct
Gingival retractors
Mandibular canine extraction
Bur Lengths
Standard length 19 mm
Surgical length 25 mm
Canine mandibular 1st molar extraction
Root Tip Fractures
Arghh!!
• Pre-extraction radiographs to show any tooth or root pathology for
example; enlarged, bulbous root tip
• Lighting and magnification to be able to see into the alveolus
• Hemorrhage control via suction, sponges, light air-water lavage
• Elevate with root tip pick, small luxator or elevator
• Develop a trough around the root with a small surgical length bur
• Remove alveolar bone if needed to increase access to root tip
Small luxators and root tip picks
Root tip forcep
Hypodermic needle used as a guide
Smooth the surface of alveolar bone and roots
Feline Extractions
• Tooth Resorption is the current name but has previously been
identified as neck lesions and FORLs (Feline odontoclastic resorptive
lesions)
• Periodontal disease
• Endodontic disease
Tooth Resorption
Extraction versus crown amputation
• Extraction if periodontal ligament space present, intact root canal, or
inflammatory apical pathology
• Crown amputation when there is ankylosis and boney replacement of
the periodontal ligament and root structure and with loss of root
canal
Oronasal Fistula
Surgical repair of oronasal fistulas
• Tension free mucogingival flap
• Double layer mucogingival flap
• Graft implant to support mucogingival flap
• Bone allograft material “Ossiflex”
• Auricular cartilage autograft
Contact: Nassau Veterinary Clinic
•talktous@nassauvet.com
•518 766-2636

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Tips and Practical Solutions to Dental Challenges

  • 1.
  • 2. Preparations for Extraction • Intraoral radiograph all teeth to identify pathology or tooth & root malformations • Know the anatomy of the particular tooth • Adequate visibility through lighting, magnification, hemostasis or suction and use of air-water syringe • Closed extraction (single rooted teeth) versus open extraction (multirooted teeth)
  • 3. Instruments and Surgical aids • Good lighting and visual access • Dental Technician or Assistant; 4 handed procedures • Soft tissue retraction • High speed dental unit • High speed handpieces • Suction • Air water syringe
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. Canine maxillary 4th premolar extraction
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  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. Dental Bur types • Round burs • Carbide burs sizes # ¼ to # 4 • Rapid removal of alveolar bone • Potential for soft tissue trauma • Diamond bur • Slower removal of bone • Less soft tissue trauma • Fissure burs • Rapid cutting or sectioning action
  • 14. Bur Size • Bur # FG ¼ FG1/2 FG1 FG2 FG4 • Head dia. mm 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 • Head length mm 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1
  • 15.
  • 16.
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  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Luxators • Tip narrow or thinner • Act as a wedge in the periodontal ligament space • Can be used with slight gentle rocking motion to advance along the axis of the tooth root • Tips manufactured with multiple width for different diameter roots
  • 22. Elevators • Tip thicker and more robust • Can apply more rotational force to a tooth root • May be winged or straight sided • Tips manufactured with multiple width for different diameter roots • Can be used to elevate roots by a wheel and axle type force for larger roots such as a canine tooth root
  • 24.
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  • 29.
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  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. Canine maxillary 1st molar extraction
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. Flap for maxillary molar • Identify parotid salivary duct • Blunt dissection to minimize trauma to the duct
  • 37.
  • 39.
  • 40.
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  • 44.
  • 45.
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  • 48.
  • 49. Bur Lengths Standard length 19 mm Surgical length 25 mm
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  • 58.
  • 59.
  • 60.
  • 61.
  • 62. Canine mandibular 1st molar extraction
  • 63.
  • 64.
  • 65.
  • 66. Root Tip Fractures Arghh!! • Pre-extraction radiographs to show any tooth or root pathology for example; enlarged, bulbous root tip • Lighting and magnification to be able to see into the alveolus • Hemorrhage control via suction, sponges, light air-water lavage • Elevate with root tip pick, small luxator or elevator • Develop a trough around the root with a small surgical length bur • Remove alveolar bone if needed to increase access to root tip
  • 67.
  • 68.
  • 69.
  • 70.
  • 71.
  • 72. Small luxators and root tip picks
  • 74.
  • 75. Hypodermic needle used as a guide Smooth the surface of alveolar bone and roots
  • 76. Feline Extractions • Tooth Resorption is the current name but has previously been identified as neck lesions and FORLs (Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions) • Periodontal disease • Endodontic disease
  • 77. Tooth Resorption Extraction versus crown amputation • Extraction if periodontal ligament space present, intact root canal, or inflammatory apical pathology • Crown amputation when there is ankylosis and boney replacement of the periodontal ligament and root structure and with loss of root canal
  • 78.
  • 79.
  • 80.
  • 81.
  • 82.
  • 83.
  • 84.
  • 85.
  • 87. Surgical repair of oronasal fistulas • Tension free mucogingival flap • Double layer mucogingival flap • Graft implant to support mucogingival flap • Bone allograft material “Ossiflex” • Auricular cartilage autograft
  • 88.
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  • 99.
  • 100. Contact: Nassau Veterinary Clinic •talktous@nassauvet.com •518 766-2636