Thyroiditis refers to the inflammation of the thyroid gland and can present in three forms: acute suppurative (bacterial), subacute (granulomatous or lymphocytic, possibly viral), or chronic (Hashimoto's disease, autoimmune). Acute thyroiditis involves bacterial infection leading to abscess, while subacute granulomatous thyroiditis features myalgia, fever, and painful swelling following respiratory illness. Chronic thyroiditis causes painless enlargement and hypothyroidism. Diagnosis involves history, exam, thyroid function tests, iodine uptake, and antibody levels. Treatment depends on type, with antibiotics for acute, supportive care for subacute, and reducing gland size/correcting function

1. ALIYA RAHMAN

2.  Inflammation of thyroid gland.
 Appears in 3 forms: acute suppurative,
subacute ( granulomatous and lumphocytic),
chronic(HASHIMOTO’S disease)

3.  Acute suppurative thyroiditis : bacterial
invasion in form of abscess in thyroid gland.
Streptococcus pyogens, staphylococcus
aureus, pneumococcus pneumoniae
 subacute thyroiditis : no etiology detected.
May be viral in orign usually follows a
respiratory respiratory tract infection.
 Chronic thyroiditis : caused by auto immune
destruction and genetic predisposition.

4.  Acute thyroidtis : state of acute infection
usually one lobe is affected than other.
Follicular destruction, cell infiltration and
colloid depletion occur
 Subacute thyroiditis have 3 phases
1. Phase 1 : begins 3-4 weeks after viral
illness. Fever malaise precede tender goitre.
Mild hyperthyroidsm seen
2. Phase 2 : mildhypothyriodsm seen due to
incomplete recovery of injured gland and
used up stored hormone. Relapses may
occur
3. Phase 3 ; recovery occurs after 2-4 months
of onset

5.  Chronic thyroiditis ; enlarged thyroid gland
with hypothyroidsm

6.  ACUTE THROIDITIS : sudden onset of
unilateral neck pain with radiation to ear or
mandible of affected side. Other signs of
infection also present.
 Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis: myalgia,
low grade fever, sore throat painful goitre,
thyrotoxicosis
 Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis : painless
goitre, occasional hyperthyroidsm, goitre is
firm, midly enlarged and diffuse
 Chronic thyroiditis : painless assymmetrical
enlargement, dysphagia, respiratory distress

7.  History and physical examination
 TFT
 IODINE UPTAKE
 ESR
 Estimation of thyroid antibodies

8.  Medical management :
1. Acute thyroiditis – parenteral antibiotics
2. Subacute throiditis – supportive
management with NSAID, salicylates, oral
glucocrticoids
3. Chronic thyroidtis – intervention intended to
reduce the size of gland and correct thyroid
function

9.  Surgical mangement
1. I&D – acute thyroiditis not responding to
medicines
2. FNAC – rule out malignancy in chronic
thyroiditis

10.  Correct medication administration
 Discharge teaching include understating
drugs regimen to continued in home,
monitoring TFT at regular intervals.