Threads allow multiple tasks to run concurrently within a single process. Threads have their own call stack and can run asynchronously, allowing programs to take advantage of multiprocessor systems and perform background tasks. A thread goes through various states in its lifecycle including new, runnable, running, blocked, and terminated. When first created, a thread is new; it then becomes runnable when start() is called but may not run immediately if the scheduler chooses another thread.

1. THREAD
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2. THREAD
 Threading is a facility to allow multiple activities to coexist within a single
process.
 Threads are sometimes referred to as lightweight processes. Like
processes, threads are independent, concurrent paths of execution
through a program, and each thread has its own stack.
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3. Why use threads?
•Take advantage of multiprocessor systems
•Simplify modeling
•Perform asynchronous or background processing
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4. Life cycle of a Thread (Thread States)
 The life cycle of the thread in java is controlled by JVM. The java thread
states are as follows:
 New
 Runnable
 Running
 Non-Runnable (Blocked)
 Terminated
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5. Life cycle of a Thread 5

6. Life cycle of a Thread
 1) New
 The thread is in new state if you create an instance of Thread class but
before the invocation of start() method.
 2) Runnable
 The thread is in runnable state after invocation of start() method, but the
thread scheduler has not selected it to be the running thread.
 3) Running
 The thread is in running state if the thread scheduler has selected it.
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7. Life cycle of a Thread
 4) Non-Runnable (Blocked)
 This is the state when the thread is still alive, but is currently not eligible to
run.
 5) Terminated
 A thread is in terminated or dead state when its run() method exits.
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8. Thank you
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