Theories of reading have evolved over time from the traditional view that focused on decoding printed text to the cognitive view that emphasized the role of background knowledge and top-down processing. The metacognitive view that is now prevalent considers the control and manipulation readers can exert over comprehending text. This involves readers setting goals, making predictions, monitoring understanding, and evaluating their comprehension. Theories of reading have thus progressed from passive reception of meaning to active construction of meaning through the interaction of text, prior knowledge, and use of reading strategies.
This presentation is for the course Developmental Reading 1. This presentation focuses on the what's and the how's of reading readiness and emergent literacy.
This presentation is for the course Developmental Reading 1. This presentation focuses on the what's and the how's of reading readiness and emergent literacy.
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One of the approaches to tap on teaching and learning language, specifically second or foreign language is Grammar-Based Approach. It is not literally or directly teaches grammar but scaffold learners to learn the language through and with grammar using different methods.
If you happen to like this powerpoint, you may contact me at flippedchannel@gmail.com
I offer some educational services like:
-powerpoint presentation maker
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FlippED Channel (Youtube)
http://bit.ly/FlippEDChannel
LET in the NET (facebook)
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One of the approaches to tap on teaching and learning language, specifically second or foreign language is Grammar-Based Approach. It is not literally or directly teaches grammar but scaffold learners to learn the language through and with grammar using different methods.
Created by Sonia Babaee
Sources:
Mishan, F. & Timmis, I. (2015). Materials development for TESOL (pp. 99-120). Edinburg University Press. (Materials to develop reading and listening skills)
Mishan, F. & Timmis, I. (2015). Materials development for TESOL (pp. 121-140). Edinburg University Press. (Materials to develop speaking and writing skills)
What every teacher needs to know about comprehensionjuraikha
Once teachers understand what is involved
in comprehending and how the factors of
reader, text, and context interact to create
meaning, they can more easily teach their
students to be effective comprehenders.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. Just like teaching methodology, reading
theories have had their shifts and transitions.
Starting from the traditional view which focused
on the printed form of a text and moving to the
cognitive view that enhanced the role of background
knowledge in addition to what appeared on the
printed page, they ultimately culminated in the
metacognitive view which is now in vogue.
It is based on the control and manipulation that a
reader can have on the act of comprehending a text.
3. Theories of reading
The Traditional view
The Cognitive view
The Metacognitive view
4. The Traditional view
In the traditional view of reading, novice readers acquire
a set of hierarchically ordered sub-skills that sequentially
build toward comprehension ability. Having mastered these
skills, readers are viewed as experts who comprehend what
they read.
Readers are passive recipients of information in the text.
Meaning resides in the text and the reader has to
reproduce meaning
According to Nunan (2003), Reading in this view is
basically a matter of decoding a series of written
symbols into their aural equivalents in
the quest for making sense of the text. He referred to
this process as the 'bottom-up' view of reading.
5. McCarthy (2004) has called this view 'outside-in' processing,
referring to the idea that meaning exists in the printed
page and is interpreted by the reader then taken in.
This model of reading has almost always been under attack
as being insufficient and defective for the main reason
that it relies on the formal features of the language,
mainly words and structure.
6. The Cognitive view
The 'top-down' model is in direct opposition to the ‘
bottom-up' model. According to Nunan (2005) and Dubin
and Bycina (2005), the psycholinguistic model of reading
and the top-down model are in exact concordance.
Goodman (1990; cited in Paran, 2002) presented
reading as a psycholinguistic guessing game, a process
in which readers sample the text, make hypotheses,
confirm or reject them, make new hypotheses, and so forth.
Here, the reader rather than the text is at the heart of the
reading process.
7. The schema theory of reading also fits within the
cognitively based view of reading. Rumelhart (2005)
has described schemata as "building blocks
of cognition" which are used in the process of
interpreting sensory data, in retrieving information from
memory, in organising goals and subgoals, in allocating
resources, and in guiding the flow of the processing system.
Rumelhart (2005) has also stated that if our schemata
are incomplete and do not provide an understanding of
the incoming data from the text we will have problems
processing and understanding the text.
8. Cognitively based views of reading comprehension
emphasize the interactive nature of reading and the
constructive nature of comprehension. Dole et al. (2004)
have stated that, besides knowledge brought to bear on
the reading process, a set of flexible, adaptable strategies
are used to make sense of a text and to monitor ongoing
understanding.
9. The Metacognitive view
Metacognition involves thinking about what one is doing
while reading. Klein et al. (2004) stated that strategic
readers attempt the following while reading:
Identifying the purpose of the reading before reading
Identifying the form or type of the text before reading
Thinking about the general character and features of
the form or type of the text. For instance, they try to
locate a topic sentence and follow supporting details
toward a conclusion
10. Projecting the author's purpose for writing the text
(while reading it),
Choosing, scanning, or reading in detail
Making continuous predictions about what will occur
next, based on information obtained earlier, prior
knowledge, and conclusions obtained within the
previous stages.
11. Moreover, they attempt to form a summary of what was
read. Carrying out the previous steps requires the reader
to be able to classify, sequence, establish whole-part
relationships, compare and contrast, determine
cause-effect, summarise, hypothesise and predict,
infer, and conclude.