let

1. Biological-Psychological
Foundations of Education
Foundations of Education

2. The Learning Process
& Theories of Learning
ROY SAPICO CAPANGPANGAN
Presenter

3. How do people come to behave
in the way they do?

4. What is learning?

5. Learning
is any change in a person or
his behavior.
Burton

6. Learning
is modification of inherited
responses and the
acquisition of new
experiences.
Freeman

7. Learning
is the modification of the
reaction of the organism
through experience.
Covin

8. Learning
is any change that may take place
in one through the influence of
the outside world, whether the
influence be persons or things,
good or bad.
Thomas

9. Outcomes of Learning

10. Knowledge and
Information
Outcomes of Learning
Outcomes of Learning

11. Habits and Skills
Outcomes of Learning
Outcomes of Learning

12. Attitudes and
Appreciation
Outcomes of Learning
Outcomes of Learning

13. Theories of Learning

14. Connectionism Theory
(Thorndike)
Theories of Learning
Theories of Learning

15. Connectionism Theory
association is established between
stimulus and response. Practice
strengthens the association between
the stimulus and response.
Theories of Learning

16. Connectionism Theory
The connection between
stimulus and response is
strengthened by reward of
satisfaction.
Theories of Learning

17. Classical or Respondent
Conditioning
(Ivan Pavlov)
Theories of Learning
Theories of Learning

18. Classical or Respondent Conditioning
the association between a
conditioned stimulus and a
response is strengthened by
repeated presentation with the
unconditional stimulus.
Theories of Learning

19. Instrumental or
Operant Conditioning
Theories of Learning
Theories of Learning

20. Instrumental or Operant Conditioning
the stimulus-response
pattern is strengthened by
immediately following the
response with the reinforcing
stimulus.
Theories of Learning

21. Factors Affecting
Learning

22. Motivation
the stimulus-response
pattern is strengthened by
immediately following the
response with the reinforcing
stimulus.
Factors Affecting Learning

23. Reinforcement
may be made through the
use of audio-visual aids,
review, drills and other
means.
Factors Affecting Learning

24. Extinction
let something die out or
be forgotten by disuse.
Factors Affecting Learning

25. Association
means the more
connections are made with
a subject, the better it will
be learned and retained.
Factors Affecting Learning

26. Interest
facilitates learning and be
its own motivation.
(interesting lesson)
Factors Affecting Learning

27. Reward or Punishment
should be given immediately.
Factors Affecting Learning

28. Recency
means that learning should be
made recent in the minds of
learners so that they will not
forget what they have learned.
(frequent review)
Factors Affecting Learning

29. Laws of Learning
consists of the Law of Readiness (learning is
facilitated when the subject is ready for it
mentally, physically, emotionally and socially),
Law of Exercise (frequent repetition will make
the lesson better mastered) and Law of
Effect (what is learned under satisfying
circumstances will be learned faster and
retained longer).
Factors Affecting Learning

30. Kinds of Learning

31. Direct Experience
learns through a direct
contact with the stimulus.
Kinds of Learning
According to Pillsbury

32. Indirect Experience
uses mode, tools/
instruments in order to learn
something.
Kinds of Learning
According to Pillsbury

33. Congenital
present at birth such as
reflex actions.
Kinds of Learning
According to Burnham

34. Temporary
learns (needed) in a short
while and conveniently
forgotten.
Kinds of Learning
According to Burnham

35. Permanent
those that will be utilized
throughout life.
Kinds of Learning
According to Burnham

36. Sensory Learning
learns through the sense of
touch. (Braille reading)
Kinds of Learning
According to Ruch

37. Verbal Learning
Memorizing poem.
Kinds of Learning
According to Ruch

38. Motor Learning
Typing or swimming
Kinds of Learning
According to Ruch

39. Ideational Learning
Planning the plot of the
story.
Kinds of Learning
According to Ruch

40. Attitudinal Learning
Teaching good manners.
Kinds of Learning
According to Ruch

41. Management of
Learning

42. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Have a fixed place and
time for study.
Management of Learning

43. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Remove distractions
Management of Learning

44. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Concentrate
Management of Learning

45. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Read the assignment
Management of Learning

46. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Make use of study tools
like the dictionary.
Management of Learning

47. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Space your learning of
different subjects so as to
avoid inhibition.
Management of Learning

48. Certain rules may be followed in order to study
effectively.
Review
Management of Learning

49. Implications for
Education

50. People learn in different
ways. Teachers should,
therefore, use different
strategies in teaching.
Management of Learning

51. Parents and teachers
should help children
develop good study habits,
by supervision.
Management of Learning

52. Since learning is habit
formation, there should be
no exception to following
the rules of good study
habits.
Management of Learning

53. Drill often on those things
that should be automatized
or those that will be
needed throughout life.
Management of Learning

54. The learning of any fact
or information will be
easier the more it is
associated with other
things. Recall will also be
easier.
Management of Learning

55. Frequent review will
prevent forgetting.
Management of Learning

56. Youth is the time for
study.
Management of Learning

57. Maturity is the time for
production.
Management of Learning

58. Thank you 
End of Report