This document outlines Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of personality development. It discusses the 5 stages of development - oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital. Each stage is centered around a different erogenous zone and conflicts that can arise during that period if not resolved can result in fixation issues. The stages progress from birth through childhood and into adulthood.

1. THEORIES
OF
PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
By:
Sathish Rajamani
Professor
DRIEMS

2. INTRODUCTION
•The term personality has been derived from the
Latin word “Persona” which meant a “mask”
The mask, worn by the actors, was called
persona.
•“Personality is that which permits a predication
of what a person will do in a given situation.”
R.B.Cattell,

3. ELEMENTS OF PERSONALITY
Character
Denotes Conative Behaviour
Temperament
Denotes Affective Behaviour
Intellect
Denotes Intelligence (Cognitive)
Behavior
Physique
Dontes bodily configuration

4. THEORIES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
1
• Sigmund Freud
• Psychosexual Development Theory
2
• Erik Erikson
• Psychosocial Development Theory
3
• Jean Piaget
• Intellectual Development Theory
4
• Lawrence Kohlberg
• Moral Development Theory
5
• Melaine Klein
• Object Relation Theory

5. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Psychosexual
Development
Theory
Stages
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latent
Genital

6. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Stage – I The Oral Stage

7. Stage – 1: The Oral Stage
• Age Range: Birth to 1 Year
• Erogenous Zone: Mouth
• During the oral stage, the infant’s primary source of interaction occurs
through the mouth, so the rooting and sucking reflex is especially
important.
• Infant derives pleasure from oral stimulation through gratifying
activities such as tasting and sucking. Because the infant is entirely
dependent upon caretakers
• the infant also develops a sense of trust and comfort through this oral
stimulation. Oral fixation can result in problems with drinking, eating,
smoking or nail biting.

8. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Stage – 2 The Anal Stage

9. Stage – 2: The Anal Stage
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Age Range: 1 to 3 years
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Erogenous Zone: Bowel and Bladder Control
• During the anal stage, primary focus of the libido is on controlling
bladder and bowel movements.
• The major conflict at this stage is toilet training--the child has to learn
to control his or her bodily needs. Freud believed that positive
experiences during this stage served as the basis for people to become
competent, productive and creative adults.
• If parents approach toilet training is too lenient or too strict to toilet
training, can leads to anal-expulsive personality and anal-retentive
personality respectively.

10. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Stage – 3 The Phallic Stage

11. Stage – 3: The Phallic Stage
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Age Range: 3 to 6 Years
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Erogenous Zone: Genitals
• During the phallic stage, the primary focus of the libido is on the
genitals. At this age, children also begin to discover the differences
between males and females.

12. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Stage – 4 The Latency Stage

13. Stage – 4: The Latency Stage
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Age Range: 6 to Puberty
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Erogenous Zone: Sexual Feelings Are Inactive
• During the latent period, the libido interests are suppressed. The
development of the ego and superego contribute to this period of
calm. The stage begins around the time that children enter into
school and become more concerned with peer relationships,
hobbies and other interests.
• This stage is important in the development of social and
communication skills and self-confidence.

14. FREUD’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT
Stage – 5 The Genital Stage

15. Stage – 4: The Genital Stage
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Age Range: Puberty to Death
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Erogenous Zone: Maturing Sexual Interests
• During the final stage of psychosexual development, the individual
develops a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex.
• This stage begins during puberty but last throughout the rest of a
person’s life.