This is an awesome lecture about writing process. prepared by: Ebadullah Nooristani an ESL instructor in Jalalabad city.

1. Communication Arts
The Five Stages of Writing
By: Ebadullah Nooristani
Email: ebadkhan725@gmail.com
Ph No: 0705288515

2. Communication Arts
The Five Stages of Writing
• Prewriting
• Drafting
• Revising
• Editing
• Publishing

3. Communication Arts
Prewriting
Think, Think, Think…
– Who is my audience?
• My classmates, teachers, parents…
• Do they have any knowledge of my
topic?
• Will I need to provide background
knowledge?
– What is the purpose of my writing?
• Am I writing to provide information, to
explain, persuade, describe something,
or to tell a story?

4. Communication Arts
Prewriting
Brainstorm and Organize…
– What do I want to say?
• What are the requirements ?
• Do I need to research information or
graphics to complete my writing?
– How do I want to say it?
• Am I writing a letter, creating a book
or PowerPoint, an essay…
– What graphic organizer will I use?
• Brainstorm ideas and write them
down, create a web, put the
information into a diagram.
• Create an Essay Map.

5. Communication Arts
Prewriting
Sample of a Web

6. Communication Arts
Prewriting
Sample of a Venn Diagram

7. Communication Arts
Drafting
Write it down…
– Are your thoughts organized?
• Do you stick with the same idea
throughout your writing?
• Do you know what order you want
to say things in?
– Which ideas do you want to
develop?
• In your prewriting, you have
identified ideas which you must
use, might use, and will not use.
• Do not cross anything totally out.
You may decide at a later time to
use it.
• What ideas should you develop
further?

8. Communication Arts
Drafting
Write it down…
– In what order do you want to say
your ideas?
• In your prewriting, your thoughts or
ideas have been placed in the
order that would make the most
logical sense.
• If you are dealing with time, make
sure they are in chronological
order.
– Did I skip lines?
• This will allow room for yourself and
others to make corrections.
– Did I label everything?
• My name is on the page and all
pages have a page numbers.

9. Communication Arts
Drafting
Now you try…
Take the prewriting material that
you completed previously, and
begin drafting it. Remember, this is
not a time to worry about spelling
or other errors. This a time to get
your thoughts on the paper. The
other stages will help you with the
grammatical and spelling errors.
Be creative!

10. Communication Arts
Revising – your draft
Improve your writing content…
– Are my details clear?
• Are my words descriptive?
• Did I use repetitive words?
– Should I add or take out parts?
• Do I need to explain more?
• Is there something missing that I
should include?

11. Communication Arts
Revising – your draft
Improve your writing content…
– Have I used the best ideas or words?
• Am I showing others that I know what I
am writing about?
• Have I used the best examples or
words to describe my ideas or
thoughts?
– Is my writing in a sensible order?
• Does my writing need to be in time
order?
• Does the information need to be
presented in a way that is easier for
others to follow?

12. Communication Arts
Revising – your draft
Keep it up…
You have been working
really hard on your writing…
now make it look your best!
Read over your writing.
Make sure the content will
make sense to the reader.
Read it out loud to yourself.
It is essential to write a
second or revised draft at
this stage.

13. Communication Arts
Editing
Correct errors…
– Have I used complete sentences?
• All of my thoughts are complete.
• There are no run-ons.
– Are my language conventions
correct?
• Spelling
• Capitalization and punctuation
• Grammar
– Have I used editing marks to make
corrections?
• Remember to look in your writing
folder if you forgot what to use.

14. Communication Arts
Editing – your revised draft
Correct errors…
– Have I had at least two people
edit my paper?
• Choose two people in your
learning group, that are on the
editing stage. If no one is, you
may choose to look over your work
again.
– Editing others work…
• Make sure to check for the same
items you did when editing your
own work.
– Check for complete sentences,
check the language conventions,
and use editing marks for
corrections.

15. Communication Arts
Editing – your revised draft
Editing Marks…
insert
indent
check spelling
delete
capitalize
lower case
insert period

16. Communication Arts
Editing – your revised draft
Here we go…
Your writing has come a long
way. You need to make sure to
fix the errors. On your revised
draft, be sure to make any
necessary corrections.
When you upgrade the writing
file on your blog, you publish
the work immediately. A
minimum of two of your learner
group will edit your Revised
Draft using standard editing
marks.

17. Communication Arts
Published work
Share your completed work..
– Did I do my best work?
– Did I include a title ?
– Do I need a title page with
illustrations?
– Did I meet submission date?
– Be sure to reread your work.
– Self-assess your work using
the rubric given to you.

18. Communication Arts
Publishing
Your work…
– Get onto a computer connected to
the internet.
– Download the Formative file from the
class weblog.
- Publish the file to your blog.
– Progressively upgrade and republish.
– Comment on and edit your learning
groups’ blogs.

19. Communication Arts
Publishing
Turning it in…
– What order does my work go in?
• Online website or other, as
required.
• Draft/s.
• Prewriting – graphic organizer,
essay map, etc.
• Graded Rubric

20. Communication Arts
Congratulations!
You are now a master of the Five
Stages of Writing!
You will be writing a lot this year
and always follow this process.
Remember to be creative and
publish the best work you can
produce.

21. Communication Arts
By: Ebadullah Nooristani
Email: ebadkhan725@gmail.com
Ph No: 0705288515