The document summarizes the founding and early history of the Jamestown colony, the first permanent English settlement in North America. It details how the colony struggled at first due to a lack of preparation and farming skills among the colonists. Disease and conflict with the local Powhatan Confederacy led to many deaths in the early years. The colony became more successful after John Smith took control and instituted new rules. The introduction of tobacco as a cash crop by John Rolfe helped the colony become profitable. However, the headright system of rewarding land for transporting colonists led to the rise of indentured servitude and later slavery to meet the need for labor on the large plantations.

1. The Southern Colonies

2. 1605 Company of English merchants asked King James I for right to establish settlements in North America. 1606: Granted. Name of Settlement : JAMESTOWN

3. London Company Joint Stock Company Group shares the: Risk Cost

4. April 26 th , 1607 105 colonists arrive in America Jamestown: first permanent English settlement in North America Does NOT begin well….

5. NOT Prepared Men were adventures, NOT farmers Lack of Preparation cost many lives Jamestown surrounded by marshes: -area infested with disease carrying mosquitoes (malaria) Winter arrives: 2/3 of the people dead. (70 people dead out of 105)

6. Powhatan Confederacy John Smith takes control of Jamestown and things improve (1608): Built a fort Forced settlers to work harder Built better homes Created rules for more food if perform well

7. Smith Makes deal with Powhatan The Deal: the Powhatan agrees to bring food to the colonists and teach them how to grow corn. (big plus)

8. The Starving Time 1609: 400 more colonists arrive at Jamestown Winter: disease and famine hit once again. 1610: 60 people remained

9. John Rohlf Enters the Scene Before Rohlf, no profit being made by Jamestown Rohlf introduces Tobacco Sold very well in England Very valuable, help earn money PROFIT

10. War In Virginia Rohlf marries Pocahontas: helped to create a peaceful relation with the Powhatan Pocahontas dies in London with Rohlf War breaks out in Virginia between the Powhatan and Jamestown. Last 20 years.

11. Daily Life in Virginia Tobacco plantations: produce tobacco which is very valuable. Used as money.

12. Headright System Colonists pay their own way to Virginia: --they receive 50 acres of land for free 2. For each additional person brought to Jamestown: another 50 acres of land per person. Huge Incentive for bringing over more people People are getting massive amounts of land, huge plantations. NEED workers! The effects……..

13. The Effects of the Headright system: Rich people get A LOT of land Rich people do NOT want to do the work Rich people need a labor force: **indentured servitude** Indentured Servant: work without pay for the person who paid for your trip to America.

14. Labor Shortage=Slavery Expands High death rates due to disease Indentured servants finish their seven years and not willing to work for someone. Demand for workers greater than people willing to work. RESULT: Slavery (1619)

15. Summary Things making it tough on the Jamestown settlement: adventurers, not farmers --Famine Marshy area: malaria War with Powhatan (after Pocahontas dies) Headright system: indentured servants and slavery