The document discusses the challenges of drought and food insecurity in the Arab region. It notes that the region is highly water scarce and dependent on food imports. Climate change is exacerbating drought conditions, reducing agricultural yields and threatening food security. Science and technology can help address this dilemma in several ways. Improving drought-resistant crops and sustainable water management through techniques like irrigation efficiency and water harvesting can increase food production with less water. Conservation agriculture and resilient ecosystem approaches can also help build adaptation. However, comprehensive drought strategies, policies, investment in agricultural research, and international support are still needed to strengthen resilience against climate change in the region.