The respiratory system
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The document discusses the key components and processes of the human respiratory system. It outlines the major structures involved like the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and alveoli. It explains how breathing works through the processes of inhalation where the diaphragm pushes down to fill the lungs with air, and exhalation where it pushes up to expel the air from the lungs. The respiratory system allows humans to breathe and speak through these structures that intake oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
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An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function. The human body contains 11 major organ systems, including the circulatory system which includes the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. The digestive system breaks down large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules so they can be absorbed. It starts in the mouth and includes saliva containing enzymes, and progresses through the esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestines. The respiratory system brings oxygen into the lungs and removes carbon dioxide. It includes breathing through the nose or mouth, the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles leading to alveoli in the lungs which facilitate gas exchange with blood.
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Respiratory system powerpoint
The document describes the key components and functions of the respiratory system. It explains that the respiratory system exchanges gases throughout the body, helps with breathing by giving oxygen to cells and removing carbon dioxide. It identifies the lungs as the essential organ of respiration, located inside the rib cage, and notes that the trachea (windpipe) connects the larynx to the lungs and bronchial tubes branch off from the bronchi to tiny air sacs in the lungs.
1st science 11 identifies the respiratory system and its major parts
The document discusses the respiratory system and its major parts. It identifies the nostrils, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs as the main respiratory organs. The respiratory system takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide and water vapor, allowing the body to unlock stored energy through respiration.
Air sacs of bird(blue rock pigeon)
Air sacs are thin walled non-muscular,non-vascular,non-elastic and bladder like membrane connected to the lungs
Air sacs are only the inflated extensions of the mucous membrane of some blindly ending bronchioles
Some of them extended to bones
In pigeon there are nine major air sacs
One of them is unpaired and others are paired
Unpaired air sac is interclavicular
Paired sac include cervical,anterior thoracic,posterior thoracic and abdominal air sacs
Abdominal and posterior thoracic sacs get filled with fresh air during inspiration.so they are called inspiratory air sacs
Others get filled with fresh air during expiration
The digestive system
The document describes the digestive and respiratory systems. The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients and energy through a multi-step process involving the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. The respiratory system inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide through the nose, mouth, larynx, windpipe, bronchial tubes and lungs. Air enters the lungs where thousands of alveoli allow oxygen to pass into the blood and carbon dioxide to leave the body.
Comparative Anatomy - Respiratory System
The respiratory system allows organisms to take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide through the process of respiration. Respiration includes ventilation, external respiration where gases are exchanged with the environment, and internal respiration where gases are exchanged at the tissue level. The main respiratory organs are lungs, gills, and in some cases skin or gas bladders. Lungs are found in air-breathing vertebrates like mammals and birds, using an aspiration pump for ventilation. Gills are found in fish and some aquatic amphibians and function via various water pumping mechanisms. Skin respiration also occurs in some amphibians.
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Insects rely on tracheal respiration to deliver oxygen to tissues via a network of tubes called the tracheal system. Air enters through openings called spiracles and travels through decreasing tube sizes (tracheae and tracheoles) where oxygen diffuses into tissues. Carbon dioxide diffuses out. Two main types occur - terrestrial insects rely on an open tracheal system while aquatic insects evolved closed or branching tracheal systems and other adaptations like gills or hemoglobin to extract oxygen from water. Diffusion and convection move gases through the tracheal network to support insect respiration.
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Air sacs are thin walled non-muscular,non-vascular,non-elastic and bladder like membrane connected to the lungs
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Some of them extended to bones
In pigeon there are nine major air sacs
One of them is unpaired and others are paired
Unpaired air sac is interclavicular
Paired sac include cervical,anterior thoracic,posterior thoracic and abdominal air sacs
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The respiratory system consists of organs responsible for breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide. It includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. The nasal cavity filters air and the lungs exchange gases via alveoli and capillaries. Oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream in the alveoli and carried throughout the body, while carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the alveoli to be breathed out.
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The document describes respiration in several organisms. It discusses:
1) Respiration in earthworms, which occurs through their moist skin via cutaneous respiration. Oxygen diffuses into their bloodstream and carbon dioxide diffuses out.
2) Respiration in spiders, which uses book lungs - pairs of sac-like structures containing many thin plates that increase surface area for gas exchange.
3) Respiration in bony fish like rohu, which uses gills - feathery structures in the gill slits that are highly vascular and divided into lamellae to efficiently uptake oxygen from water pumped over them by the operculum.
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The document discusses the different respiratory systems used by animals. There are four main types: integumentary exchange through the skin, gills for aquatic animals, tracheal systems in insects, and lungs in land animals. Each system allows for gas exchange with the environment through different mechanisms. For example, earthworms breathe through their skin while aquatic animals use gills with thin membranes and capillaries to exchange gases from water flowing over them. The document also describes key differences in how reptiles and amphibians ventilate their lungs compared to mammals.
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The document describes a fetal pig dissection, identifying key anatomical structures and their functions. It notes that arteries carry blood away from the heart and are thicker, while veins carry blood to the heart and have valves. The document outlines the external anatomy and identifies structures in the oral cavity, neck, thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, reproductive and excretory systems. It compares the pig's cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive and reproductive systems to humans and provides more detail on the respiratory, digestive, excretory and reproductive systems.
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The document discusses the respiratory systems of various organisms. It describes how fish breathe through gills, with water passing over the gill filaments where gas exchange occurs. Amphibians may breathe through gills, lungs, or skin depending on their life stage, with tadpoles using external gills and adult frogs using lungs. The lungs of amphibians are relatively simple sacs that undergo positive pressure breathing by changing the mouth's volume and pressure.
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Respiration requires the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment. Aquatic animals like fish have evolved gills for gas exchange with water, while most terrestrial vertebrates use lungs. Gills are thin, highly-branched tissue that increase the surface area for diffusion. In fish, blood flows countercurrently to water through the gills, maintaining an oxygen gradient for continuous gas exchange. Lungs in land animals facilitate gas exchange with air.
Comparative Anatomy of Respiratory System of Vertebrates
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circulatory sysytem of insects
The circulatory system of insects is open and transports nutrients, waste, and aids in defense. It consists of a hemocoel body cavity and a dorsal vessel heart tube. The hemocoel is divided into three sinuses by diaphragms. Blood flows through ostia into the dorsal vessel which pumps it through the body during systole and diastole. Accessory pulsatile organs help circulate blood to appendages. Phagocytic organs filter the hemolymph. Blood moves posterior to anterior via peristalsis through the hemocoel sinuses and organs before returning to the heart.
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The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for respiration. In mammals, respiration occurs through pulmonary ventilation via the nasal cavity, lungs, and diaphragm. The lungs exchange gases through alveoli and are protected by the rib cage. Horses and marine mammals have respiratory adaptations like nasal breathing and mechanisms to prevent water inhalation during dives.
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The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system. It describes the main functions of respiration which include gas exchange, pH regulation, and temperature control. It then details the anatomy of each part of the respiratory system from the nose down to the lungs and alveoli. This includes a description of structures like the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It explains gas exchange that occurs across the respiratory membrane and pulmonary and tissue respiration. Voice production and the mechanics of inhalation and exhalation are also summarized.
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The respiratory system includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. It introduces oxygen into the body and releases carbon dioxide through a multi-step process. Air enters through the nose or mouth and is filtered and humidified before passing through the pharynx and larynx into the trachea. The trachea branches into smaller bronchioles that terminate in alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. The diaphragm and lungs work together to inhale oxygenated air and exhale carbon dioxide.
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Fish gills are highly folded organs located on the sides of the head that allow for efficient gas exchange. They have a network of capillaries and lamellae that divide the gill filaments, providing a large surface area for oxygen diffusion. The gills have a good blood flow and thin membranes that allow for countercurrent exchange, maximizing oxygen transfer from the water to the bloodstream.
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Respiration involves the diffusion of gases through membranes to facilitate metabolic processes in organisms. Simple organisms rely on direct diffusion through their integument, while more complex animals have respiratory systems. Aquatic animals use gills and many land animals use lungs. Amphibians are unique in that they can respire through their skin, mouth, and lungs. Their respiratory system includes glottis, larynx, bronchi and lungs, with gas exchange aided by a moist, permeable membrane.
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The document discusses the respiratory system. It describes that the respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. It then describes the upper respiratory system, which includes the mucous membranes, mucous, cilia, pharynx, epiglottis, and larynx. The lower respiratory system is also described, including the trachea, bronchi, bronchial tree, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs, and diaphragm. The document also lists and defines several vocabulary terms related to respiration. Finally, it discusses the equine respiratory disease known as strangles, including its symptoms and methods for treatment and prevention.
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The respiratory system consists of organs responsible for breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide. It includes the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, and diaphragm. The nasal cavity filters air and the lungs exchange gases via alveoli and capillaries. Oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream in the alveoli and carried throughout the body, while carbon dioxide is released from the blood into the alveoli to be breathed out.
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Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy, combining oxygen and glucose to release carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Breathing is the physical act of inhaling and exhaling air through the lungs, while respiration is the chemical exchange of gases between the lungs, blood, and cells. The human respiratory system includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, with the nose warming, moistening, and filtering air before it reaches the pharynx and then trachea.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system takes in oxygen and releases carbon dioxide in order to provide energy to living organisms. It involves the exchange of gases between organisms and their environments, and between cells and tissues. Respiration is the physiological process of gas exchange and oxidation of food to release energy. Different organisms have different respiratory organs suited to their environments, such as lungs in humans and other air-breathing animals, and gills in aquatic animals. The human respiratory system includes the nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs, which work together to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
Respiratory system
The document provides an overview of the respiratory system and control of respiration. It describes the key organs involved, including the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and alveoli. It explains the mechanics of breathing through inspiration and expiration. Gas exchange occurs as oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood and carbon dioxide passes from the blood into the alveoli to be exhaled. The lungs, diaphragm, ribs and autonomic nervous system work together to regulate breathing and ventilation.
The digestive system
The document describes the digestive and respiratory systems. The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients and energy through a multi-step process involving the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. The respiratory system inhales oxygen and exhales carbon dioxide through the nose, mouth, larynx, windpipe, bronchial tubes and lungs. Air enters the lungs through thousands of small air sacks called alveoli where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.
Respiratory system
The respiratory system is made up of organs involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. It includes the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, lungs, and the processes of inhalation and exhalation. The upper respiratory tract comprises the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses and larynx while the lower respiratory tract is made up of the lungs, bronchi and bronchioles, and alveoli. Respiration can be aerobic, using oxygen to produce energy, or anaerobic, producing energy without oxygen. Common respiratory diseases include asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia and tuberculosis.
Respiratory system-powerpoint-1232722875244833-1
The respiratory system is responsible for supplying oxygen to the blood and removing carbon dioxide waste. It includes the nasal cavity, mouth, pharynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, and capillaries. Air enters through the nose or mouth and travels through the pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles before reaching the alveoli in the lungs. In the alveoli, oxygen passes into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide passes from the bloodstream to be exhaled. The blood then carries oxygen to cells throughout the body and brings carbon dioxide back to the lungs to be released. Maintaining a healthy respiratory system requires avoiding smoking and pollution, exercising,
Ther The respiratory system
The document discusses the process of respiration and the parts of the respiratory system. Respiration involves inhalation, which transports air into the lungs through the nose, mouth, and trachea. Oxygen then diffuses into the bloodstream through tiny air sacs called alveoli, while carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood and is exhaled. Key parts of the respiratory system that facilitate this gas exchange include the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, diaphragm, and epiglottis.
Respiratory System Training
The respiratory system consists of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The upper tract includes the nose, mouth, pharynx and larynx. The lower tract includes the lungs, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli. The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity and are protected by the ribs and pleura. During breathing, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles work to expand the lungs and draw in air. Oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the alveoli and blood vessels to oxygenate tissues and remove carbon dioxide.
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Grade 7 Respiration in organisms.pdf
Breathing involves inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide through respiratory organs like the nose, mouth, and lungs. It is a voluntary physical process. Cellular respiration is the involuntary chemical process where glucose and oxygen are broken down in cells to produce energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in the mitochondria of cells. Both processes are essential - breathing supplies oxygen for cellular respiration to produce energy for cellular functions.
Human respiration
Human respiration involves two main processes: [1] External respiration which is the exchange of gases between the lungs and blood, and [2] Internal respiration which is the exchange of gases between blood and tissues at the cellular level. The ultimate goal of respiration is to release energy through cellular respiration in which oxygen is used to oxidize nutrients to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP as energy is stored.
Respiratory System
The respiratory system consists of an upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract. The upper tract includes the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx. The lower tract includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. The nose warms, moistens, and filters air and contains smell receptors. The lungs contain alveoli where gas exchange occurs between air in alveoli and blood in capillaries. Breathing involves inhalation that draws air into the lungs and exhalation that forces air out.
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The document describes the key parts and functions of the respiratory system. It discusses how respiration includes pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport of gases, and internal respiration. It then provides details on the main parts of the respiratory system: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, respiratory zones, gas exchange, and diaphragm. It also discusses inspiration and expiration, and how to keep the respiratory system healthy.
1 GNM - Anatomy Unit - 6 Respiratory System.pptx
By: M. Thiru murugan
Unit – 6:
The structure and functions of respiratory organs
The physiology of respiration
Characteristics of normal respiration and deviation
Respiratory system
The respiratory system is the one of vital organs that involve in respiration
Play important role in the intake and exchange of O2 and CO2 .
The respiratory system performs two major tasks:
Exchanging air between the body and the outside environment known as external respiration.
Bringing O2 to the cells and removing CO2 from them referred to as internal respiration.
Parts of respiratory system
Upper respiratory tract: (outside thorax)
Nose
Nasal Cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Nose:
Also called external nares.
Divided into two halves by the nasal septum.
Contains the paranasal sinuses where air is warmed.
Contains cilia which is responsible for filtering out foreign bodies.
Pharynx:
Common space used by both the respiratory and digestive systems. Commonly called the throat.
Start from the nasal and oral cavities and extends inferiorly near the level of the bifurcation of the larynx and esophagus.
There are 3 types:
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx
Larynx:
Voice box is a short, cylindrical airway - ends in the trachea.
Prevents swallowed materials entering into the lower respiratory tract.
It Passes air into the lower respiratory tract.
Produces sounds.
Supported by cartilage help to held in place by ligaments and muscles.
Voice is produced by vibration of the vocal folds or vocal cords. The vocal folds are a pair of pliable shelves of tissue that stretch across the top of the trachea (windpipe). They are enclosed within the thyroid cartilage. The vocal folds, together with the muscles and cartilages that support them, are known as the larynx.
Biologically, the larynx evolved as a valve to protect the airway and lungs. Thus, it is positioned where the airway and the esophagus separate. The vocal folds open to allow breathing and close during swallowing to prevent food from entering into the lungs and during voicing.
Trachea:
A flexible tube also called windpipe.
Extends through the mediastinum and lies anterior to the esophagus and inferior to the larynx.
Cartilage rings help the trachea to remains open at all times.
Bronchus:
The two large tubes that carry air from your windpipe to your lungs.
Left and right main bronchus in each lung.
Each bronchus divided into bronchioles
Lung:
Each lung has a conical shape. Its wide, concave base rests upon the muscular diaphragm.
Its superior part called the apex
Both lungs are supported anteriorly by thoracic wall, laterally, and posteriorly by the rib cage.
Mediastinum
Left lung: divided into 2 lobes by, smaller than the right lung & cardiac notch accommodates the heart
Right lung: divided into 3 lobes by, located more superiorly in the body due to liver on right side
Pleura:
The outer surface of each lung covered by a layer called pleura.
The outer - parietal pleura & the internal - visceral pleura.
Respiratory system.pptx
Respiratory system is the process of exchange gases oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs through the alveoli,in which oxygen inhaled and carbon dioxide exhaled.
Respiratory system organs
The main organs of the respiratory system include the nose, mouth, larynx, pharynx, lungs, and diaphragm. The nose and mouth allow air to enter the body and pass through the pharynx into the lungs. The larynx, or voice box, is located below the pharynx and produces sound. Within the lungs, air passes through branching tubes called bronchi and bronchioles ending in alveoli where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the blood. The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to help draw air in and out of the lungs during breathing.
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Comparative physiology of respiratory system of different species
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The respiratory system
- 2. Before you Read http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm?tqskip=1 • True or False • Breathing is the process in which the body obtains oxygen and releases energy from food. • The respiratory system contains structures that allow humans to speak (larynx). • The epiglottis is a flap in the pharynx that controls food and air passage. • The diaphragm moves down (lungs expand/inhale) and moves up (lungs relax/exhales). •
- 3. http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm?tqskip=1 Pharynx/epiglottis Esophagus to the stomach bronchi Vocal cords
- 4. Vocabulary • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi • Alveoli • Diaphragm • Epiglottis • Stops food from entering the airway. • Food, liquid, and air shared this passage. • Houses the vocal cords. • Two short tubes that carry air into the lungs. • Muscle beneath the lungs. • Cluster of thing wall sacs. • Air conducting tube with rings of cartilage.
- 5. Breathing Processes • Inhale • Diaphragm pushes down filling lungs with air. Lungs expand with air. Chest expands. • Exhale • Diaphragm pushes up. Lungs deflate expelling the air.