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The Quantum Physics of Your Toaster
The document discusses quantum theory, particularly focusing on black-body radiation and its various models. It highlights concepts like Planck's constant, the quantum hypothesis, and the ultraviolet catastrophe associated with Rayleigh and Jeans. Visual aids and historical references to key figures such as Niels Bohr, Max Planck, and Albert Einstein are included to illustrate the principles of quantum mechanics.
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The Quantum Physics of Your Toaster
- 2. US Library ofCongress, LC-DIG-ggbain-35303 Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it. -- Niels Bohr
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- 7. “Black-Body Radiation” Absorbs allcolors Model: Box with hole Tiny leak of light from inside
- 8. Pipe Organ, BathAbbey (UK)
- 9. 𝜆1 = 2𝐿 𝜆2= 𝐿 𝜆3 = 2𝐿 3 𝜆4 = 𝐿 2 𝜆 𝑛 = 2𝐿 𝑛 Standing Waves
- 10. Wavelength (arb. units) 0.00.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Numberofmodes 0 2 4 6 8 10
- 11. Wavelength (arb. units) 0.00.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Numberofmodes 0 10 20 30 40 50 𝜆 𝑛 = 2𝐿 𝑛
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- 13. “Black-Body Radiation” Absorbs allcolors Model: Box with hole Tiny leak of light from inside 𝜆 𝑛 = 2𝐿 𝑛
- 14. “Black-Body Radiation” Absorbs allcolors Model: Box with hole “Oscillators” in walls produce light Oscillators have characteristic energy 𝐸𝑓 = ℎ𝑓 ℎ = 6.626 × 10−34J-s “Planck’s Constant”
- 15. “Black-Body Radiation” Absorbs allcolors Model: Box with hole Oscillators have characteristic energy 𝐸𝑓 = ℎ𝑓 ONLY INTEGER MULTIPLES OF 𝑬 𝒇 ALLOWED Quantum Hypothesis:
- 16. 6 quanta 3 quanta 2quanta 1 quantum 0 quanta http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Max_Planck_1901.GIF Energy:
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- 20. 𝐵 𝜈, 𝑇= 2ℎ𝜈3 𝑐2 1 𝑒−ℎ𝜈/𝑘 𝐵 𝑇 − 1