The document discusses the rising costs of textbooks and their negative impact on students. It notes that over 60% of students do not purchase required textbooks at some point due to high costs, and this affects their academic performance and success. The document advocates for open educational resources and open textbooks which are freely available to students as an alternative to traditional expensive textbooks. It provides statistics showing that the cost of textbooks has increased over 800% in the last 30 years while open resources can help lower costs and improve access to education.

1. The
Future
(of
Textbooks)
is
Open
Faculty
Fellow,
BC
Open
Textbook
Project
Dept.
of
Psychology,
Kwantlen
Polytechnic
University
Open
Learning
Faculty
Member,
Thompson
Rivers
University
Associate
Editor,
NOBA
Project
@thatpsychprof
Rajiv
Jhangiani,
Ph.D.

4. Buy
used
Resell
Rent
(Inter)library
loans
Group
purchase
Crowdfunding
Old
edition
International
edition
Photocopy
E-­‐textbooks

8. €€€
€€
€€
€
€

60%+ do not purchase textbooks
at some point due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to
textbook cost
31% choose not to register for a
course due to textbook cost
23% regularly go without
textbooks due to cost
14% have dropped a course
due to textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a
course due to textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey
by Florida Virtual Campus
There
is
a
direct
relationship
between
textbook
costs
and
student
success

9. "Ivory
Towers" by James
F
Clay is
licensed
under CC
BY-­‐NC
4.0

11. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years

12. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years
"Kids
Giving
you
problems?
Hire
an
Elephant" by peasap is
licensed
under CC
BY
2.0

13. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years

14. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years

15. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years

16. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
increased
by
812%
over
30
years

17. • Half of
Bachelor’s
degree
graduates
rely
on
student
loans
• In
Sept.
2010
Federal
student
loan
debt
surpassed
$15
billion
• Average
BC
student
debt
in
2011
was
$29,497
• 3
years
after
graduating,
only
34%
are
debt
free
• BC
students
now
work
180%
more
hours
than
they
did
in
1975
to
pay
for
PSE
• When
debt
reaches
$10,000,
program
completion
rates
drop
from
59%
to
8%
• The
cost
of
textbooks
has
risen
by
1041% since
1977

20. "Crazy
Stunt" by Ross
G.
Strachan is
licensed
under CC
BY-­‐NC-­‐ND
4.0

21. "circa
1890
-­‐ Hamlin's
Wizard
Oil"byclotho98 is
licensed
under CC
BY-­‐NC
4.0
"'THAT
WAS
EASY!'" byjoepoppis
licensed
underCC
BY-­‐NC-­‐ND
2.0

24. Retain Redistribute
Revise Remix
Reuse
Source:
David
Wiley,
http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221
March
5,
2014,
CC-­‐BY

25. open.bccampus.ca
open.bccampus.ca

27. "Opening
the
Curriculum:
Open
Education
Resources
in
U.S.
Higher
Education,
2014"by I.
Elaine
Allen
&
Jeff
Seaman,
Babson
Survey
Research
Group is
licensed
under CC
BY
4.0
Those
who
have
adopted
OER
rate
the
quality
of
OER
as
significantly
higher:
F(1,
35)
=
7.88,
p =
.008,
=
0.18
(Jhangiani
et
al.,
2015)
ηp
2

28. 0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
agree
Rajiv
Richard
Overall,
I
am
satisfied
with
the
quality
of
the
modules/chapters
in
the
open
textbook
Jhangiani
&
Le
Grand
(2014)
N
=
105
%

29. Overall,
I
am
satisfied
with
the
convenience,
access,
&
portability
of
the
open
textbook
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
agree
%
Jhangiani
&
Le
Grand
(2014)

30. The
cost
savings
that
come
with
an
open
textbook
are
important
to
me
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
agree
%
Jhangiani
&
Le
Grand
(2014)

31. What
is
the
average
cost
of
the
textbooks
that
you
purchase
for
your
other
courses?
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
<$50 $51-­‐$100 $101-­‐$150 $151-­‐$200 >$200
Rajiv
Richard
Jhangiani
&
Le
Grand
(2014)
%

32. I
would
have
preferred
to
pay
for
a
traditional
textbook
for
this
course
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
Strongly
disagree Disagree Neutral Agree Strongly
agree
Rajiv
Richard
Jhangiani
&
Le
Grand
(2014)
%

33. I
like
how
the
theories
are
explained
in
more
understandable
ways
compared
to
other
textbooks
where
the
author
tends
to
talk
in
circles
before
explaining
what
is
being
talked
about
I
would
not
have
bought
the
text
book
for
this
course
because
it's
an
elective.
I
would
have
possibly
walked
away
with
a
C,
now
I
might
actually
get
an
A-­‐
It
is
easily
accessible
and
convenient.
Material
is
easy
to
understand
and
follow
I
personally
really
like
the
convenience
of
having
the
complete
set
of
chapters
on
my
computer
and
even
accessible
from
my
phone
if
I
need
it.
I
like
that
I
don't
have
to
lug
around
another
text
book
It's
free
and
it's
a
great
money
saver

35. Hilton
&
Laman (2012)
• 7
psychology
faculty
• Houston
Community
College
• 23
sections
(690
students)
Traditional textbook
(Spring
2011)
Open
textbook
(Fall 2012)
GPA 1.6 2.0
Withdrawal
rate
(%) 14 7.1
Final examination
(%) 67.6 71.1
Hilton,
J.,
&
Laman,
C.
(2012).
One
college’s
use
of
an
open
psychology
textbook.
Open
Learning,
27(3),
265-­‐272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2012.716657

36. Robinson
et
al.
(2014)
• Quasi-­‐experimental
design
• Propensity-­‐score
matched
groups
• OT
students
scored
slightly
higher
on
end-­‐of-­‐year
standardized
science
tests
• Significant
gains
in
chemistry
• No
differences
in
physics
or
earth
systems
Robinson
T.
J.,
Fischer,
L.,
Wiley,
D.
A.,
&
Hilton,
J.
(2014).
The
impact
of
open
textbooks
on
secondary
science
learning
outcomes.
Educational
Researcher,
43(7),
341-­‐351. doi:
10.3102/0013189X14550275

37. Access
Cost
savings
Portability
Course
performance
Adapt,
update,
&
remix
Enrolment
Student
retention
Program
completion

38. open.bccampus.ca
Results
Year Faculty Sections Students Savings
2013 12 18 553 $55,300 -­ $84,560
2014 42 78 2630 $263,000 -­ $367,896
2015
(Jan-­April)
33 73 2224 $222,400 -­ $252,285
Today 97 180 6006 $600,600-­ $822,622

39. open.bccampus.ca
What can YOU do?
• Survey your student body
• #textbookbroke campaign
• Presentations
• Utilize visuals, create displays
• Speak directly to faculty & admin
• Suggest that faculty review a textbook
• Showcase examples
• Form a student-­led OER group
• Connect. Collaborate.

41. rajiv.jhangiani@kpu.ca
@thatpsychprof
Thank
you!