The human excretory system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood and produce urine, which travels through the ureters to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until it is released through the urethra. Each kidney contains over 1 million nephrons, the functional units that filter waste and produce urine. Nephrons are composed of a tubule and glomerulus, which work together to regulate water and eliminate waste from the body.

1. The Excretory System
By Thulisile Sobhudula

2. The Human Excretory System
• The urinary system is made-up of the kidneys, ureters, bladder,
and urethra. Waste is filtered from the blood and collected as urine
in each kidney. Urine leaves the kidneys by ureters, and collects in
the bladder. The bladder can distend to store urine that eventually
leaves through the urethra.

4. Excretory System Functions
• Collect water and filter body fluids.
• Remove and concentrate waste products from body fluids and
return other substances to body fluids as necessary
for homeostasis.

5. The Structure of the Kidney
• Eliminate excretory products from the body
• ​The Mammalian Kidney Consists of two distinct regions: an
outer renal cortex and an inner renal medulla

7. The Nephron
• Microscopically, each kidney is composed of over 1 million tiny
tubules called nephrons. The nephrons of the produce urine and
some are located primarily in the renal cortex, but others dip down
to the renal medulla.
• The Nephron consists of a single long tubule and a ball of
capillaries called the glomerulus