The document is a PowerPoint presentation on the endocrine system, outlining its function and major glands including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and others. It details the locations, primary hormones, functions, and major disorders associated with each gland. The presentation highlights the endocrine system's role in regulating growth, metabolism, and sexual development through hormone release.

1. BIOLOGY
POWER POINT
PRESENTATION

2. DON
E
BY
D.Bhargavi
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V.Gayatri Deepshikha
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N.Esha Keerthana
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S.Novya Sree
roll.no-8
P.Vaisshnavi
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S.Sai Chandini
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K.Sai Snehita
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R.S.S.Swarupa
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3. INDEX
WHAT IS ENDOCRINE SYSTEM?
MAJOR GLANDS
HYPOT HALAMUS
PITUITARY GLAND
THYROID GLAND
PARATHYROID GLAND
ADRENAL CORTEX
ADRENAL MEDULLA
PANCREAS
TESTES
OVARIES

4. WHAT IS ENDOCRINE
SYSTEM?
The other control system of the body working with the nervous
system
Chemical control- It releases hormones into the blood
Function- These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism
(the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual
development and function
Endocrine gland are very small they only take 110grms of our
body

5. Major Glands of the Endocrine
System
• Pituitary Gland
– Anterior and Posterior
• Pineal Gland
• Hypothalamus
• Thyroid Gland
• Parathyroid
• Thymus
• Adrenal Gland
– Adrenal Cortex
– Adrenal Medulla
• Pancreas (Pancreatic Islets)
• Testes
• Ovaries

6. Hypothalamus
• Location: lies within the diencephalon, below the
thalamus;
• Primary Hormones: No one specific hormone; called
the “gate-keeper” regulating the release and inhibition
of hormones
• Functions: “gate-keeper” role; regulates pituitary
• Major Disorders:

8. Pituitary Gland
• Location: Posterior to the hypothalamus
• Primary Hormones: 9 primary hormones including
GH, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, ADH and Oxytocin
• Functions: Secretion of essential endocrine hormones;
“the master gland”;
• Major Disorders: dwarfism, gigantism, Diabetes
encephalis

10. Thyroid Gland
• Location: Anterior region of neck, surrounding
trachea
• Primary Hormones: Thyroxin (T-4) and
Triodothyronine (T-3)
• Functions: Regulate iodine; secrete TSH
(thyroid stimulating hormone)
• Major Disorders: Goiter; Thyroid Cancer

12. Parathyroid Gland
• Location: 4 glands around the thyroid
• Primary Hormones: PTH (parathyroid
hormone)
• Functions: Affects the bones and kidneys;
maintain calcium levels in the blood
• Major Disorders: Osteoporosis; Hyper- and
Hypo- parathyroidism

14. Adrenal Gland
Adrenal Cortex
• Location: Atop the kidneys; outer layer surrounding the
adrenal medulla
• Primary Hormones: Glococorticoids, Mineralcorticoids,
and Aldosterone
• Functions: Maintain blood pressure, metabolism, levels
of estrogen and testosterone
• Major Disorders: Addison’s disease and Cushing’s disease

16. Adrenal Gland
• Location: Atop the kidneys surrounded by the adrenal
cortex; the adrenal pulp
• Primary Hormones: Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
(a.k.a. Adrenaline)
• Functions: Increase blood pressure, heart rate,
dialation of pupils (adrenaline rush)
• Major Disorders: Pheochromocytoma
Adrenal Medulla

18. Pancreas
• Location: Around the stomach and small
intestine
• Primary Hormones: Insulin and Glucagon
(secreted by the pancreatic islets or the Islets of
Langerhans)
• Functions: Digestion of enzymes; regulate
blood-glucose levels; insulin uptake
• Major Disorders: Diabetes mellitus types I and
II

20. Testes
• Location: Within the scrotum
• Primary Hormones: Testosterone; ICSH
• Functions: Produce sperm and
testosterone; primary and secondary sex
characteristics
• Major Disorders: Testicular cancer; Germ-
cell tumors

22. Ovaries
• Location: In the abdomen at the end of the
fallopian tubes
• Primary Hormones: Estrogen, Progestin,
Estradiol
• Functions: Produce female gametes; ova
and ovum; oocytes- immature gametes
• Major Disorders: Ovarian Cancer;