This document provides guidance on effective presentations. It discusses preparing for a presentation by understanding your purpose, audience, and content. It emphasizes practicing your presentation to improve delivery. During the presentation, it recommends engaging the audience through eye contact, questions, and involvement. After presenting, it advises evaluating your delivery and seeking constructive feedback. The overall message is that effective presentations involve thorough preparation, active audience engagement, and self-evaluation.

1. The Art
of
Presentation
By: Bishara Adam

2. Preliminary Question
 What are your feelings about presenting?
Absolutely terrified of
presenting to others
Confident and
relaxed

3. Outline
– Effective presentations
– Before the presentation
– During the presentation
– After the presentation

4. Effective Presentations
– Principles of effective presentations
– Characteristics of good presenters
– Keys to facilitating groups

5. Effective Presentations
Questions
– Consider a successful presentation you have attended.
– What made it successful?
– How did it effect you?

6. Principles of Effective
Presentations
– Have a positive attitude.
– Know your audience.
– Motivate your audience.
– Plan terminology.
– Be yourself.
– Be enthusiastic!

7. Characteristics of Good
Presenters
– Establish conditions favorable to learning.
– Explain complex notions clearly & concisely.
– Use a range of strategies and ideas.
– Listen actively, feed back information, and verify understanding.
– Separate from group activities and discussions when needed.
– Address the needs of the audience.
– Make framework adjustable for time.

8. Presenter or Facilitator
Questions
– Define
 Presenter
 Facilitator
– What are the differences?

9. Keys to Facilitation
– Small group work for high involvement
– Clarity of instructions
– Observe, listen, and intervene
– Allow leaders, recorders, and spokespersons to emerge naturally

10. Before the Presentation
Questions
– What do you need to do:
• some time before the presentation?
• at a time nearer the presentation?
• immediately before the presentation?

11. Planning Considerations
– Purpose
– Audience
– Subject Matter
– Duration
– Venue
– Practice

12. Purpose
– Have a clear purpose
– What do you hope to achieve with the presentation?
 respond to something
 present both sides of an issue
 argue one side of an issue
 tell a story
 explain how something is done
 describe something

13. Audience
– Who are they?
– Why are they attending?
– What ideas might be of interest for him?
– What knowledge do they have?
– What terminology is appropriate?
– What attitudes will they have to the topic?

14. Subject Matter
– Based on your audience analysis:
• What information do you need to present?
• How do you present to ensure:
› interest is sustained
› audience is involved
› time constraints are adhered to

15. Duration
– Have you allowed time for audience involvement?
– As presenter, you MUST control the use of time.
• monitor audience reaction
• incorporate flexibility

16. Venue
– What is the size and configuration of the room?
– What equipment will you use? Have you ensured that it works?
– How would you like the room set up?

17. Practice
– Prepare outline and check:
• topic is clearly stated
• key points are included
• sequence is logical
• timeframe is realistic

18. Practice
– Practice, practice, practice.
– Get your speeches written at least a
week early and say them out loud
every day.
– Say your speeches out loud as you’re
writing them.
– Some phrasing looks good on the page,
but doesn’t fit the tongue.
– It will remind you to keep language
tight.

19. Practice
 Places to practice:
In the car.
In the shower or
bathtub.
Somewhere where you
can shout without being
heard.
In your mind when your
lips are tired.

20. Practice
 Repeat some tongue-twisters for
conditioning :
She sells sea shells by the
seashore.
How much wood could a
woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck
could chuck wood? He’d chuck
all the wood that a woodchuck
could, if a woodchuck could
chuck wood.

21. Overcoming Fear Questions
– What are your greatest fears about presenting?
– Are these fears realistic?
– How can they be overcome?

22. Overcoming Fear
– Know material well.
– Involve audience.
– Use eye contact.
– Prepare possible responses
to problem questions.
– Check facilities.
– Use reminders.
– Consider appearance.
– Practice, practice, practice…

23. During the Presentation:
Beginning
– Relax.
– Introduce yourself.
– State your purpose clearly.
– Provide and overview.
– Make eye contact.

24. During the Presentation:
Middle
– Involve your audience.
– Use visual material in conjunction with verbal.
Recall Verbal Visual Both
3 hours 70% 72% 85%
3 days 10% 35% 65%

25. Involving your Audience
– Attention diminishes after 15 minutes of presentation, so
actively engage:
• invite comments, responses, questions
• pose questions – open ended
• invite stories or experiences

26. Non Verbal Communication
– Use body language.
– Examples:
• eye contact
• hand gestures

27. Nonverbal Communication
– What do these figures convey to you about the
speakers?

28. Managing Dynamics
– Restate questions asked by the audience.
– Check that response satisfies questioner.
– Divert questions back to audience.
– Admit when you don’t know the answer.
– React positively to all questions.

29. Ending your Presentation
– Alert audience when you near the end.
– Summarize main points.
– Acknowledge audience input.
– State follow up actions to take.

30. Problem Participants
– Shy
– Monopoliser
– Arguer
– Complainer
– Angry / Hostile
– Clown
– Side tracker

31. Difficult Situations
– Active Listening.
– Supporting.
– Involving / Curious.
– Promoting.
– Informing.

32. After the Presentation
– Evaluate the learning derived from the delivery of the presentation.
– Constructive feedback:
• extend positive aspects
• revise negative aspects