This document provides a risk assessment and method statement for installing a steel boardwalk along the Liffey River in Dublin. It identifies major risks such as falling, drowning, equipment hazards, and outlines control measures. The workforce of 6 includes a foreman, welder, operatives, and crane operator. Installation will involve demolishing an existing wall, lifting steel sections, and working at the river's edge where harnesses and life jackets are required.
Organic Name Reactions for the students and aspirants of Chemistry12th.pptx
Risk Assessment and Method Statement for Installation of Boardwalk in Dublin City Center
1. 1
DEPARTMENT OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT COVER SHEET
STUDENT NAME:
STUDENT ID NO:
STUDENT EMAIL ADDRESS:
COURSE/YEAR:
SUBJECT:
PROJECT TITLE:
LECTURER:
FOR OFFICE USE ONLY:
DATE DUE:
DATE RECEIVED:
RECEIVED BY:
REPEAT PROJECT?
MARKS: 72%
2. 2
RISK ASSESSMENT AND METHOD STATEMENT FOR THE
INSTALLATION OF STEEL BOARWALK ALONG LIFFEY RIVER IN
DUBLIN
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................................3
Task Description........................................................................................................................3
Scope of works...........................................................................................................................3
Materials and equipment required..............................................................................................4
Risks involved in performing the task .......................................................................................5
Control measures........................................................................................................................7
Workforce required....................................................................................................................8
People responsible for overseeing and signing of the task ........................................................8
Introduction to Risk Assessment ...............................................................................................8
Introduction to Method Statement ...........................................................................................17
Conclusion ...............................................................................................................................21
References................................................................................................................................22
3. 3
Introduction
The aim of this report is to evaluate major works that are involved in installation of the steel
boardwalk along the Liffey River and consequently to investigate what hazards and risks are
associated with them. The process will include identifying the people who are exposed to the
danger, proposing control procedures that would prevent the accidents happening and
designating persons responsible for the implementation. In addition, the sequence of work
and resources needed to carry out the task are going to be described. Consequently, the
information gathered from the analysis of the above aspects will be combined in the Risk
Assessment and the Method Statement that will terminate the assignment.
Task Description
The duty of the contractor is to carry out the installation works of the steel boardwalk along
the Liffey River in Dublin. The construction site is located in the central area of very busy
city what can cause serious disturbance to works. It is limited to the footpath and one line of
the Eden Quay road. The remaining lines of the road cannot be closed due to high traffic
flow. The site must be fenced off and the temporary traffic diversion signage must be erected.
Scope of works
The boardwalk steel structure will be bolted in to the existing concrete surface at the edge of
the river. Before erecting the actual steel frame, the fixing anchors must be first put in place.
In order to do so, some of the concrete barrier wall will require demolition for allowing
operators to fix the anchors and bolt in the panels. After completing this task, the process of
fixing sections of the steel jetties can begin. The jetties are manufactured on-site from the
delivered steel members. Each section of the board walk will then be lifted by crane and
transported to the desired position where workers can securely bolt them in to the ground.
The process will repeat for each section of the boardwalk.
Figure 1 - Site Plan
4. 4
Materials and equipment required
In order to complete the task of the steel boardwalk installation the following materials and
equipment will be required:
Steel members- these will be used as a material for assembling sections of the
boardwalk as per drawing demonstrated bellow. It is important to point out that the
cutting and welding will be carried out on site.
Figure 2 - Site View
Figure 3 - Boardwalk section
5. 5
Mobile welding unit - is essential for the process of manufacturing the boardwalk on
site. The equipment complies of two bottles installed on the trolley; one contains
oxygen and another fuel gas (acetylene). Both gasses are delivered by hose to the
igniter (WWS, 2012)
Generator- A single phase portable diesel generator is essential for power tools
operations such as demolition, assembling the boardwalk sections and installation of
the anchors. (EGD, 2012)
Grinders- Heavy duty angle grinders require single phase power supply. The model
used on site is suitable for cutting and grinding steel. In addition, the abrasive wheels
especially designed for these operations must be provided. (Direct Industry, 2012)
Drills and hammer jack- heavy duty drills are required for installation of the fixing
anchors and demolition operations. The power will be supplied by the single phase
3kW generator.
Slings- are to be provided by the crane subcontractor. The inspections for wear and
tear prior the work commencement will be an essential part of the risk control
process.
Fixing Anchors- Heavy duty, selected by the structural engineer anchors to be
provided.
XCMG 80 ton Crawler Crane- On this particular
project where the construction space is limited and the
site is spread over a long distance, it will be reasonable
to use mobile crane. The XCMG80 model features
operations such as traveling with load and 360 slewing.
The length of main boom is 13-58 m and the length of
fixed jib is 9-18. This type of crane offers much more
mobility than the wheeled cranes. In addition, it does
not require stabilizers to set-up what limits the needed
space and time in comparison to wheeled mobile crane.
The unavoidable condition that contractor is obligated
to provide for safe lifting operations is stabilized and
well compacted ground. This is already in place in form
of asphaltic road surface. (XCMG, 2012)
Foam Life Jackets, Harnesses and Inertia Reel – are to be provided to all workers
performing tasks at the edge of the river bank. As in regard to the inertia reel, the
double anchorage will be used with the purpose of enhancing the security of
workers.(SGS, 2012)
Figure 4 – XCMG80
6. 6
Risks involved in performing the task
According to Cooke and Williams (2009, p.125), the ‘health and safety risk arises from the
impact of hazards. Where there is no hazard there is no risk, but in construction there are
hazards everywhere on site’
The main hazards and risks assigned to this project are illustrated in the table below.
Moreover, the Figure 5 will describe method of classifying the most dangerous risks, where
the level of likelihood and severity of accidents is ranked highlighting the areas that require
additional control. The ratings of hazards will later be included in the method statement and
risk assessment. All of these actions will allow for deciding who is exposed to the danger.
Subsequently the foundations for outlining the precautions and control methods will be
provided. Also, the contractor will have to appoint the person responsible for implementation
of the findings on site.
The Major risks identified on the steel boardwalk installation are:
Hazard Risks
Use of power tools Faulty tools
Electrocution
Injuries
Welding Burns
Radiation
Explosion
Working at the
edge of the river
Slips
Falls
Drowning
Injuries
Hypothermia
Crane set up Crane collapse
Deaths
Lifting materials Falling materials
Deaths
Injuries
Manual handling Back injuries
Slips
Working in the
city centre
Public entering the site
Road accidents due to traffic diversion
Figure 5 - Hazard Rating Table
7. 7
Control measures
One of the major risks identified on this project is falling from the edge of the river bank.
Therefore, contractor has decided to use inertia reel system to eliminate the risk. It is
important to mention the pendulum effect that results from inappropriate use of the system.
The nature of Pendulum effect is presented by the figure below. To avoid the danger of
falling employee hitting the ground or falling into the cold river, the secondary anchorage
will be used.
In addition to inertia reel system for works at the edge of the river bank, the permit to work
will be implemented. This is a specialized system for ensuring that potentially very dangerous
work is done safely and the method statement is properly and formally implemented. Its
fundamental principle is that certain defined operations are prohibited without specific
permission of responsible foreman. The permition being only granted once stringent checks
have been made to ensure that the necessary precautions have been taken and that it is safe
for work to go ahead. (Hughes and Ferret, 2005)
Another major risk is lifting steel the steel panels. The 80 tonnes crane will be hired.
Therefore the responsibility for safeguarding work involving carnage lies partially with sub-
contractor. However some control procedures must be identified. Prior to start any lifting
works, the certification of the subcontractors’ plant and crane operators’ ticket must be
inspected. Also, the slings must be checked by competent person for signs of wear and tear.
Under no circumstances lifting operation should take a place in adverse weather conditions or
by operator under influence of alcohol or drugs. If no other problems were identified the
works can proceed. Handling the lifted materials is only to be performed with use of tie-in
lines operated by experienced employees with permit to work at the edge of the river.
Figure 6 - Inertia reel; Pendulum effect
8. 8
Workforce required
To perform the task the following staff will be required:
Competent foreman
Qualified welder
4 general operatives (2 with experienced in lifting materials)
Experienced banksmen
Crane operator
People responsible for overseeing and signing of the task
The person in duty of controlling safety plan on site is foreman and employees carrying out
the operations themselves. However responsibility for overseen and planning the safety
controls on site is a responsibility of the contractor.
Introduction to Risk Assessment
The main objectives of this risk assessment are to determine the measures required by the
contractor installing the boardwalk to comply with health and safety legislation, and thereby,
reduce the level of occupational injuries and ill-health. (Hughes and Ferrett, 2005) The risk
assessment will cover all those who may be at risk, such as employees, subcontractors or
members of the public. The document will be compiled in accordance to The Construction
Safety Handbook published in Ireland (Curley, 2006).
9. 9
GENERAL HEALTH AND SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT NO. DT117/4
Company: Steel Manufacturing Company Assessment undertaken by: Jacek Guzowski
Company address:Bolton street,Dublin 1
Area/Department/activity: Steel Boardwalk construction,Liffey River, Dublin 1
Signed: Date:
Page___of ___
Assessment review date:
List of hazards and
risks
Risk rating
(severity)(likelihood)
List of people
who are
especially at risk
from significant
hazards
Required controls
Responsible
person
Rating after
assessment
Hazard: Generator
Risk: Electrocution,
Explosion, Death
(M)(M)
M
Employees
Foreman
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Adhere strictly to manufactures
instructions.
Only competent person to supervise
operations.
Store diesel properly.
Do not overload generator.
Do not use indoor.
Limit the access to generator to
competent person only.
Foreman L
10. 10
Hazard: Using
Abrasive Wheel
Grinders
Risk: Flying
fragments/ moulted
sparks, burns,
lacerations/amputations,
eye injuries
(M)(M)
M
Employees Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Operate all tools as per
manufacturer’s instructions.
Ensure that all guards are in position
and serviceable before use.
Ensure that correct wheel is selected
for the task.
Only competent person to replace
grinding stone.
Always use grinders at correct angle.
Never use defective tools and always
report defects to foreman.
Always wear the required PPE for
eyes/ears/hands.
Foreman
Employees
L
Hazard: Faulty
electrical equipment
Risk: Electrocution,
Injury
(L)(H)
M
Employees
Foreman
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Allow only trained operatives to
operate drills.
Before operating read manufacturers
manual.
Operate the drill at slow speed.
Never use defective tools and always
report defects to foreman.
Always wear the required PPE.
Foreman
Employees
M
11. 11
Hazard: Welding
Risk: Burns, Eye
damages from metal
fragments
(H)(M)
H
Employees
Foreman
Public
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Use a “Permit to Work” system for all
welding.
Ensure all oxyacetylene equipment
has a flashback flame arrestor and
non-return valve.
Inspect welding equipment regularly
for signs of wear.
Always turn gas supply off at the
cylinder when the job is finished.
Secure all acetylene cylinders in the
upright position and protect from
damage in trolley.
Change cylinders away from source of
ignition.
Gas bottles to be securely stored.
Gloves and eye protection to be worn
when performing work.
Welder
Foreman
M
Hazard: Manual
handling of steel
members
Risk: Back injury, Slips
(M)(L)
L
Employees Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Only employees trained in manual
handling to carry materials.
Only two-persons lifting system is
allowed.
Keep the area clear from obstructions
and substances that contribute to slip.
Employees
Foreman
L
12. 12
Hazard: Demolition of
the existing wall.
Risk: Fall from height,
drowning
(H)(H)
H
Employees Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Wear suitable PPE, including
harnesses.
All workers to be tied in by inertia
reel and wearing life jackets while
working at the edge.
“Permit to work” system to be in
place.
Ensure that demolition operation is
under control of a competent person.
Employees
Foreman
M
Hazard: Working at
the edge of river bank.
Risk: Falls, resulting in
injuries.
(H)(H)
H
Employees
Foreman
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Permit to work system to be used to
all works at the edge of the river bank.
All employees to wear harnesses.
Ensure that workers are instructed in
the use of the harnesses, rescue
equipment and in the inspection
maintenance and storage of PPE.
Ensure that fall protection equipment
is selected by a competent person.
Ensure that suitable rescue procedure
is planned before harnesses are used.
Never allow workers to work alone
using fall protection equipment.
Inertia reels to be set at the length that
Employees
Foreman
M
13. 13
prevents contact with water in case of
fall.
Ensure that trained rescuers are
available when performing work.
Hazard: Falling to the
river
Risk: Drowning,
Hypothermia
(H)(M)
H
Employees
Foreman
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Permit to work system to be used to
all works at the edge of the river bank.
All employees working at the edge to
wear harnesses.
All employees working at the edge to
wear life jackets.
Ensure that workers are instructed in
the use of the harnesses, life jackets
and rescue equipment and in the
inspection maintenance and storage
of PPE
Ensure that fall protection equipment
is selected by a competent person.
Ensure that suitable rescue procedure
is planned before harnesses and life
jackets are used.
Never allow workers to work alone
using fall protection equipment.
Inertia reels to be set at the length that
prevents contact with water in case of
fall.
Ensure that trained rescuers are
available when performing work.
Employees
Foreman
M
14. 14
Ensure that a throw-line and ladder
are available where work is
performed.
Hazard: Crane Setup
Risk: Crane collapse,
deaths
(H)(M)
H
Employees
Foreman
Crane operator
Public
Before setting up inspect the ground
area to ensure it is capable of taking
the weight of plant and applied load.
Inspect for overhead cables.
Ensure that operator is CSCS
certified.
Ensure that competent person checks
crane’s necessary documentation.
Ensure that all safety documentation
is completed and inspected before
setup starts.
Ensure that the area is fenced off.
Do not use crane in adverse weather
conditions.
Use crane as per manufacturer’s
instruction.
Foreman
Crane
operator
M
Hazard: Lifting steel
structure
Risk: falling materials,
incorrect signage,
crushing, death
(H)(M)
H
Employees
Foreman
Crane operator
Induct all employees and give toolbox
talks.
Only operators with valid Safe Pass to
carry out works.
Responsibility for safeguarding work
involving carnage lies partially with
sub-contractor.
Before any lifting starts inspect the
ground area to ensure it is capable of
taking the weight of plant and applied
load.
Do not lift materials in adverse
Crane
subcontractor
Foreman
Employees
L
15. 15
weather conditions.
Ensure that all safety documentation
is completed and inspected before
work starts.
Do not start lifting operations before a
Method Statement has been prepared
and approved.
Ensure that a safe system is in place
for lifting operations.
Ensure that all loads are secured and
stable before lifting.
Carry out operations as in the
operator’s manual.
Only certified slingers to guide lifting
operations.
All lifting equipment to be CE-
marked and inspected by competent
person
Replace worn slings. Mark and
remove off-site damages slings.
Allow only trained person over 18 to
act as a banksmen.
Wear required PPE
Manipulating of lifted materials is to
be done by tie-lines only.
No workers allowed standing under
lifted objects and to be lifted together
with the materials.
16. 16
Hazard: Pedestrians
access to premises
Risk: Crushing,
Injuries, Fall from
height, Death
(H)(M)
H
Pedestrians Ensure that access to construction site
is to authorised persons only with Safe
Pass.
Use responsible person to control the
access.
Ensure that construction site is
suitably fenced off with hoarding to
separate all construction activates
from members of the public.
Make safety arrangements to ensure
that normal pedestrian and public
vehicular traffic is not put at undue
risk as a result of construction.
Erect suitable warning signs to
forewarn of the known dangers at the
entry gates to construction site.
Fence off the edge of the river bank
anytime when works are not taking
place.
Contractor L
17. 17
Introduction to the Method Statement
The safety method statement is a formal written document, not required by law, detailing how
an activities or tasks are to be undertaken. It pays particular attention to the health, safety and
welfare implications in carrying out such task. The main purpose of method statement is to
provide practical and effective management tool for higher risk activities (Curley, 2006).
There is wide range of the method statement templates available from various sources.
Nevertheless, the one used for this project was obtained from the Construction Industry
Federation website.
18. 18
METHOD STATEMENT
Site: Liffey river, Dublin 1 Date: 26.11.12 AssessedBy: J. Guzowski
Activity covered by this assessment: Installation of boardwalk along the Liffey River in
Dublin 1
Number of people involved: 7
Hazard Identification Assessment of
hazard (severity)
H/M/L
Assessment of
risk (like hood)
H/M/L
Risk
assessment
H/M/L
Use of power tools M M M
Use of faulty power tools L H M
Abrasive wheels M M M
Use of Generator H L M
Welding H M H
Working at the edge of the river H H H
Falling to the river H M H
Crane set up H M H
Lifting materials H M H
Manual handling M L L
Public on site H M H
Risk Control Measures
Reference documentation and/or standards required:
H&S Plan
Safety, Health & Welfare at Work 2005
Construction Regulations 2006
General Application Regulations 2007
More detailed risk assessment can be view in Site Safety Statement
All due care has been put in place using all protective measures, having identified the hazards
and assessed the risk to safety and health likely to result in accidents or injury to health at the
place of work concerned and where putting in place of any further measures is grossly
disproportionate having regard to the unusual, unforeseeable and exceptional nature of work.
Personnel Required to Safely Complete Activity:
Crane operator, slinger, banksmen, welder, foreman, general operators
Supervision Required:
The contractor is responsible for ensuring that sufficient resources are
allocated to allow the safety completion of the operation in accordance
with this Method Statement.
Tel: 01403459
Foreman- is responsible for the implementation of this method statement
on the construction site.
Tel: 085555555
Materials and Equipment Required:
80 tonne crawler crane
25kW generator
Mobile welding unit
Drill
Grinder
Hammer Jacks
19. 19
Slings
Fixing Anchors
Steel
Safety Training/ Competency:
All construction personnel shall have valid SAFE PASS cards.
All workers to be inducted prior the works and the toolbox talks to be held at regular basis.
All personnel involved in these operations will be trained in this method statement prior to
the commencement of works, and records of this maintained by the Contractor/Foreman.
All operatives have been trained in manual handling.
Subcontracted crane operator shall have valid ticket and to be CSCS certified.
The welding operations to be carried out by qualified welder.
The foreman to be trained in slinging.
Manipulating of lifted materials to be performed by competent employees.
Trained rescuer has to be on site while performing works at the edge or river bank.
Details of Permits to Work:
All operations to be carried out at the edge of the river bank require permits to work. Also,
the welding is classified as process requiring permition.
Sequence of works:
1. Erect hoarding around the site preventing public from accessing.
2. Site establishment.
3. Deliver and unload the steel.
4. Cut and weld boardwalk’s sections on site.
5. The existing wall demolition.
6. Fixing anchors.
7. Delivery and assembling 80 tonnes crawler crane.
8. Handling and lifting the boardwalk sections to the installation point.
9. Bolting into the wall the steel sections supported by crane.
Traffic Management Signage:
One line of the Eden Quey road to be closed to traffic and be fenced off. Pedestrian way to be
diverted to the other side of the road. The entry gates will be located at the east and west ends
of the site. Erect suitable signs informing public about diverted traffic and warning signs to
forewarn of the known dangers at the entry gates to construction site.
Fall protection Measures:
All employees working at the edge of the river bank are required to have signed permit to
work and to wear harnesses secured by inertia reel. Inertia reel attachment points will be
established by competent person. The pendulum effect must be prevented by providing 2
attachment points per each worker. The length of the reel must not allow employees falling
into the water.
Hazardous Substances:
Acute Toxic Health
Hazard
Corrosive Danger to
environment
Highly
Flammable
Explosives
No No No Yes Yes Yes
The hazardous substances such as diesel, bottle of acetylene and oxygen will be kept in the
storage container under supervision of competent person.
20. 20
P.P.E. Required:
Safety
Boots Hard Hats Gloves Hearing
Protection
Eye
Protection
Fall
Protection
Other:
Life
Jackets
Hi-Vis
Vests
Barriers
Inertia
reels
Emergency procedures:
In case of serious accident call 112 and report the accident to foreman. Call the first aider.
Do not move injured person unless there is a danger to his life.
First Aid Facilities:
Name of on-site
First Aider :
Paddy Murphy
First Aid Box Location:
The canteen
Location of Nearest Hospital
Parnell street, Dublin 1
Assessment of Remaining Risk:
If the remaining risk factor is Medium (M) or High (H) then additional risk control measures
are required.
Further Specific Actions Required:
This Method Statement shall be kept under review by the Contractor and Foreman. Any
amendments shall be circulated to all parties concerned.
Works to be carried out: Steel Jetties along Liffey River in Dublin 1
Method Statement to be followed:
Contractor carrying out works: Steel Manufacturer
Talk Given By: Jacek Guzowski Date:26.11.2012
“I confirm that I have been adequately trained on the above Method Statement, and I agree to
carry out all works in accordance with the above Method Statement.”
NAME(PRINT) SIGNED COMPANY
21. 21
Conclusion
This assignment increased the general knowledge about the process of preparation health and
safety risk assessment and method statement for the construction projects. The task given in
the project brief was to investigate the formworks for assessing construction works and
identifying related to them hazards. This required obtaining the universal guidelines provided
by HSE for identifying, evaluating and managing risks. In addition, the literature review has
further outlined the importance of these documents. Edwards (1995) points out that the
accidents in construction are unforeseen events, which can have the most significant effect.
Therefore, the aim of the risk assessment was to ensure that such risks are managed
effectively, where the method statement is a formal written document detailing how an
activity is to be undertaken (Hughes and Ferrett, 2005). The methods statements are not
required by statue, however together with the risk assessments they form a crucial part of the
site safety management system (Cooke and Williams 2009).
On the basis of the above arguments, it was understood that spending time on planning and
preventing the risks is worth of making an effort. Hence, the words of Sir Brian Appleton
from the Piper Alpha Disaster (1990) emphasise the meaning of the conclusion; ‘Safety is not
an intellectual exercise to keep us in work. It is a matter of life and death. It is the sum of our
contributions to safety management that determines whether the people we work with live or
die’. This is to say that the risk controls identified in the risk assessment and method
statement can save not only human lives, but also can stabilize the companies’ well-being.
Nevertheless, it is important to understand that these documents will not remove all the risks
on the project, thus both the client and contractor must recognise that residual risks will
always remain regardless of what preventions are made.
22. 22
References
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY FEDERATION, 2011. Method Statement Template. Dublin,
Construction Industry Federation. Available at:
http://www.cif.ie/assets/files/Method_Statement_Template.pdf [Accessed on: 20.11.2012]
COOKE, B. WILLIAMS, P. 2009. Construction Planning, Programming and Control.3rd ed.
Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell.
CULLEN, W.D. 1990. The public inquiry into the Piper Alpha disaster. Great Britain,
Department of Energy.
CURLEY, T. 2006. The construction safety handbook, Cork, Oak Tree Press.
DIRECT INDUSTRY, 2012. Angle Grinder GM 62N. Accessed at:
http://www.directindustry.com/prod/rupes-spa/angle-grinders-69585-565109.html [Accessed
on : 19.11.2012]
EDWARDS, L. 1995. Practical Risk Management in the Construction Indsustry.London,
Thomas Telford.
ELECTRIC GENERATORS DIRECT, 2012. Baldor DG3E - 3000 Watt Industrial Electric
Start Diesel Generator. Avilable at: http://www.electricgeneratorsdirect.com/Baldor-DG3E-
Portable-Generator/p870.html [Accessed on: 15.11.2012]
HEALTH AND SAFETY AUTHORITY, 2009. Understanding Construction Risk
Assessment. Dublin, Health and Safety Authority, Available at:
http://hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Construction/Understanding_Construc
tion_Risk_Assessment.pdf [Accessed on 23.11.2012]
HUGHES, P. FERRETT, E. 2005. Introduction to Health and Safety in Cocntruction.
Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann
SAFETY GEAR STORE, 2012. 2m Ikar Inertia Reel. Avilable at:
http://www.directindustry.com/prod/rupes-spa/angle-grinders-69585-565109.html [Accessed
on: 20.11.2012]
WHOLESALE WELDING SUPPLIERS, 2012. Welding Suppliers Tools and Equipment.
Available at: http://www.wholesaleweldingsupplies.ie [Accessed on: 20.11.2012]
ZHONGXU CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY, 2012. Xcmg QUY80. Avilable at:
http://www.xcmgcrane.com/proj.asp?articleid=311 [Accessed on: 12.11.2012]