This document discusses different types of taps and traps used in plumbing. It describes various tap types like pillar taps, mixer taps, monobloc taps, and washerless taps. It also covers water efficient taps, long handle taps, thermostatic taps, and infrared taps. For traps, it explains P-traps, S-traps, Q-traps, floor traps, gully traps, intercepting traps, and grease traps. The key requirements for traps are that they should be easy to clean, securely fixed to drains, simple in construction, and self-cleansing.

1. Different Types Of Taps and
Traps
-S H A M I T A . L . K
2 0 1 9 7 0 1 5 3 3

2. M O O N T L I G H T
2
WaterTap:
Tap water is water supplied to a tap. Its uses include drinking, washing,
cooking, and the flushing of toilets.
Material use in manufacturing of water
taps:-
Brass, an alloy of copper , steel and zinc, is the most widely used material for tap due to
its resistance to soft-water corrosion and hard-water calcification. It usually contains
some alloying elements—like bismuth—to make it easier to process.

3. M O O N T L I G H T
3
Types of water Taps:-
Pillar taps
Mixer taps Monoblocs Disk taps
Washerless taps
Water efficient taps Long handle water tap Thermostatic Taps
Infra taps
Pull-out tap

4. M O O N T L I G H T
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Piller Tap:-
The most traditional style, pillar taps are the
classic “hot and cold” style – two separate taps, one for each temperature.
Advantage:- Pillar taps tend to be affordable and easy to install.
Disadvantage:- Two separate tap for hot and cold water.
Uses:- Use in both baths and basins

5. M O O N T L I G H T
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Monoblocs:- Monobloc taps operate in a similar way
to mixer taps, in that the hot and cold water supplies are mixed
inside the tap, but the temperature and flow is controlled with
just one handle – twisting it to the left or right adjusts the
temperature.
Advantage:- Twisting the handle causes a washer to move up and down,
which controls how much water flows through.
The temperature and flow is controlled with just one
Disadvantage:- Higher cost.
Uses:- use in bath and basin tab.

6. M O O N T L I G H T
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Mixer Tap:-
Mixer taps have either a single or two handles on either side of a single
spout. Hot and cold water are mixed in the body of the tap, while.
water flow and temperature are controlled by the individual/separate
handles.
Advantage:- only one tap for hot and cold water and affordable. Can
emerge the hot and cold water .
Disadvantage:- some mixers may require relatively high
pressure to work properly.
Uses:- use in bath and basin. Many mixer taps feature a
practical pop-up waste mechanism.

7. M O O N T L I G H T
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8. M O O N T L I G H T
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Washerless Tap:- Its a single-handle tap that could control
the hot and cold water with one motion.
These are three types
Ball taps:- ball taps work by pushing a hollow plastic or stainless
steel ball over a rounded cover, which controls the temperature and
flow of the water. These mechanisms are quite complex, and are
prone to leaking more than other types of taps.
Cartridge taps:- cartridge taps have a lever controlling a plastic or
brass cartridge which moves up and down to restrict flow, and from left
to right to change temperature.
Ceramic taps:- ceramic taps have two ceramic plates which slide over
each other to regulate temperature and flow and require the least
maintenance out of all the types.
Advantages:-Better Protects the Water Valve .
Cheaper Replacement Parts.
Disadvantages:-These are prone to leaking more than other types of
taps.
Maintain cost is more.

9. M O O N T L I G H T
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Water Efficient Tap;-Where possible, you
should opt
for taps with the highest WELS rating you can manage, in
order to save water and energy. The exception, of course, is
your bath taps; these are only really used filling a bath, and
for this purpose restricting the flow achieves nothing.
Advantage:- can control the flow of water and also manage
the temperature of water.
Disadvantages:- cant use in wash basin . Only use to fill the bath tab.

10. M O O N T L I G H T
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Long Handle Water Tap:- these types taps have
long
handle to flow the water from the tap. These are special type of tap
not use in wash basin and bathrooms .
Advantages:- more hygienic and Safe from germs.
Disadvantages:- costly , cant use in home .
Uses:- use in medical , clinic .

11. M O O N T L I G H T
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Thermostatic Taps;-A thermostatic tap is a great
addition to any home where young children or the elderly could be prone to
burning themselves. A thermostatic tap works by ensuring a constant
temperature during use, which makes them a safer choice for the bathroom
Advantages;- make constant temperature during use.
Disadvantages:- we cant change temperature during using.

12. M O O N T L I G H T
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Infra Red Taps ;-
Infra red taps offer a range of benefits as well as hygienic properties. Infra red
basic taps are activated by a motion sensor which enables hands-free
Operation , making them a more hygienic choice of bathroom tap. In addition to
this, they feature an automatic shut off eliminating dripping with no chance of the
tap being left running. Infra red basin taps are easy to use and ideal for
bathrooms used by the less able and the elderly.
Advantage:- more hygienic. Save more water. And safe for children.
Disadvantage :- not economical. use in five stars hotels.

13. M O O N T L I G H T
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Pull-out tap:- These taps allow you to pull out the tap spout
and fill a container away from the sink, and are therefore extremely useful for small or
shallow sinks, with no room for high utensils. The spout is similar to a shower head. On
the downside, the hose can puncture if incorrectly used whilst excessive use may wear
out the spring in the long term.
Advantages:- The advantage of being retractable and can be easily
returned to its original position.
Disadvantages:-its cover more space.

14. M O O N T L I G H T
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• A trap is a device which is used to prevent sewer gase
from entering the buildings.
Common Gases that Are Produced in a Sewage System
oMethane
oHydrogen Sulfide
oNitrogen
oCarbon Monoxide
Traps

15. M O O N T L I G H T
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A TRAP HAS FOLLOWINGFEATURES
.Traps are an integral part of a modern sanitary system,
• The traps should be of a self-cleansing pattern.
• Traps for use in domestic waste should be convenient
for cleaning.
• A good trap should maintain an efficient waterseal
under all conditions of flow.
REQUIREMENTS OF
GOOD TRAP:
1. IT SHOULD BE CAPABLE OF BEING EASILYCLEANED.
2. IT SHOULD BE EASILY FIXED WITH THEDRAIN.
3. IT SHOULD BE OF SIMPLE CONSTRUCTION.
4. IT SHOULD POSSESS SELF-CLEANSING PROPERTY.
5. THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SURFACES SHOULD BE
OF SMOOTH FINISH.
• Depending upon shapes traps
are classified as:
• P-Trap
• Q-Trap
• S-Trap
• Some other kind of traps are:
• NAHNI-Trap/FLOOR-Trap
• GULLY-Trap
• INTERCEPTING-Trap
• GREASE-Trap
BOTTLE-Trap

16. M O O N T L I G H T
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• This trap is used with Indian water closet.
• The traps are made from cast
iron or UPV sheet.
• This trap also has water seal
and prevents entry of foul
gases to the house.
S trap
P trap
•This trap is similar to P. trap and is used for
fixing water closets in toilets.
The only difference between P trap and S trap is that P
trap is used for outlet through the wall whereas S trap
is used for outlet through the floor.

17. M O O N T L I G H T
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• This trap is used in toilet under
water
closet.
• It is almost similar to S trap and is used
in upper storey other than ground floor.
Q trap
FLOOR TRAPOR NAHINI TRAP :
• This trap is provided in the floor to
collect waste water from washbasin, shower, sink and
bathroometc.
• These are available in cast iron or UPVC material and
haveremovable grating (JALI) on the top of the trap.
• The minimum depth of water seal should be 50 mm.

18. M O O N T L I G H T
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GULLYTRAP
• These traps are constructed outside the building
to carry waste water discharge from washbasin,
sinks, bathroom etc. and are connected to the
nearest building drain/sewer so that foul gases from
sewer do not come to the house.
INTERCEPTING TRAP
• This trap is provided at the last main hole
ofbuildingseweragetoprevententryoffoulgases from
public sewer to buildingsewer.
• It has a deep-water seal of 100 mm.
GREASE TRAP
• This trap is a device tocollect
the grease contents of
waste and can be cleaned
from the surface.
• This is generally used in food
processing unit.
Bottle Trap
• This trap is used below washbasinand
sinks to prevent entry of foul gases.