Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
•
8 likes•2,150 views
This document discusses fish tagging methods used for fisheries research and management. It outlines the objectives of fish tagging programs which include assessing past, present and future uses of tags as well as improving tagging methodology. The document describes various tag and mark types including their advantages and disadvantages. Internal and external tags are discussed. Recommendations are made to improve tagging programs through training, low-cost tags, and electronic tagging. The conclusion states that fish tagging is a fundamental tool that allows biologists to gather various information for fisheries.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
BREEDING AND CULTURE OF CARPS FISHES
Carps form the mainstay of aquaculture in India contributing over 85% of the total aquaculture production There are 61,259 species of vertebrates recognized world; over 30,700 are fish species of which 8,411 ore fresh water while 11,650 are marine. In India 2,163 spp. are fin fishes have been recorded from upland cold water (157; 7.26%) warm water of the plain (54; 20.99%), Brackish water (182; 8.41%) and marine environment (1,370; 63.43%). Some of these species are cultured at commercial level which covering a lot varieties of fin fishes The three Indian major carps, namely Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigal) contribute the bulk of production to the extent of 75 to85 percent of the total fresh water fish production, the three exotic carp such as Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio ), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella )form the second important group to incorporate several other medium and minor carp and into the carp poly culture system several method were used because of their region specific consumer preference and higher market demand.
History
Carp culture in India was restricted only to a homestead backyard pond activity in west Bengal and Odisha until late 1950 s with seed from riverine sources as the only input resulting low level of production the technological breakthrough breeding of carp through hypophysation in 1957 freshwater aquaculture of the country the country till 1984 virtually laid the foundation of scientific carp farming in the country.
Important characteristics of Indian major carps:-
Indian major carp grow fast and can reproduce even in artificial ponds. They feed upon phytoplankton, zooplankton, decaying organic matter, aquatic plant etc. stomach is absent in the alimentary canal of the major carps. Three types of Indian major carps are cultured in
fish population dynamics, Population structure
Estimation of fish population dynamics are often based on age structures. Understanding past
population structure is of interest to evolutionary biologists because it can reveal when migration
regimes changed in natural populations, thereby pointing to potential environmental factors such as
climate changes as driving evolutionary forces. Characterizing the structure of extent populations is also
key to conservation genetics as translocation or reintroduction decisions must preserve evolutionary
stable units. Finally, population structure has important biomedical consequences either when a number
of subpopulation groups is locally adapted to particular environmental conditions (and maladapted
when exposed to new environments) or represents a confounding factor in the study of the statistical
association between genetic variants and phenotyp
INDIA INLAND CAPTURE FISHERIES
The document discusses India's inland water resources including rivers, reservoirs, lakes, tanks, ponds, wetlands, lagoons and estuaries. It notes that rivers cover over 1.9 lakh km and reservoirs cover over 3.15 million hectares. Major river systems include the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Indus, and rivers along the east and west coasts. Inland fisheries production has increased from 0.75 million tonnes in 1950-51 to over 8 million tonnes in 2009-10. States like West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh are major producers.
Lobstar culture and its management
This document provides information on lobster culture and its management. It discusses the important lobster species for culture, their habitat and feeding habits. It describes the breeding technology, seed collection methods, and hatchery and nursery management practices. Grow-out can be done using land-based tanks or sea cages. Key water quality parameters and stocking densities are outlined. Finally, common diseases affecting farmed lobsters are identified along with control measures.
Coldwater fisheries in India
This document discusses cold water fisheries in India. It describes the temperature range for cold water fisheries (5-25°C) and notes that states like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand are well-suited for cold water fisheries. It identifies important cold water fish species in India like various types of mahseer and trout. Mahseer can grow up to 1.5 meters long and breed from July to September. Trout generally feed on other fish and aquatic invertebrates. Cold water fisheries provide income, employment, and food for local populations and have significant potential to contribute to India's fisheries sector and economy.
Lobster seed production and Aquaculture.pptx
Lobsters are high value shell fishes. have good export value.
P. homarus also has high protein (24.18%) and carbohydrate content (55.68%) and lowest lipid content (6.18%) compare with other species. Another overexploitation of wild stock leading absence/rarely availability of lobster in Market, hence it is very imp to diversify potential lobster species. Recently rock lobster found breeding success, had good scope for continuous seed production.
Cultivable coastal water species of Fishes, Crustaceans, Mollusks, Seaweeds.pdf
Here you will gain a piece of detailed knowledge about Commonly cultivable coastal water species around the world
over exploitation of wild stocks
This document discusses overexploitation of wild fish stocks. It begins by explaining different types of overfishing including growth overfishing, recruitment overfishing, and ecosystem overfishing. It then provides examples of overexploited fish stocks in India like oil sardine, Indian mackerel, and Bombay duck. Studies on fish stock status in Karnataka and Kerala are mentioned, identifying certain species as depleted or declining. The document concludes by discussing the negative impacts of overexploitation, and some potential solutions like establishing marine protected areas and implementing fishing quotas.
Recommended
BREEDING AND CULTURE OF CARPS FISHES
Carps form the mainstay of aquaculture in India contributing over 85% of the total aquaculture production There are 61,259 species of vertebrates recognized world; over 30,700 are fish species of which 8,411 ore fresh water while 11,650 are marine. In India 2,163 spp. are fin fishes have been recorded from upland cold water (157; 7.26%) warm water of the plain (54; 20.99%), Brackish water (182; 8.41%) and marine environment (1,370; 63.43%). Some of these species are cultured at commercial level which covering a lot varieties of fin fishes The three Indian major carps, namely Catla (Catla catla), Rohu (Labeo rohita) and Mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigal) contribute the bulk of production to the extent of 75 to85 percent of the total fresh water fish production, the three exotic carp such as Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and Common carp (Cyprinus carpio ), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella )form the second important group to incorporate several other medium and minor carp and into the carp poly culture system several method were used because of their region specific consumer preference and higher market demand.
History
Carp culture in India was restricted only to a homestead backyard pond activity in west Bengal and Odisha until late 1950 s with seed from riverine sources as the only input resulting low level of production the technological breakthrough breeding of carp through hypophysation in 1957 freshwater aquaculture of the country the country till 1984 virtually laid the foundation of scientific carp farming in the country.
Important characteristics of Indian major carps:-
Indian major carp grow fast and can reproduce even in artificial ponds. They feed upon phytoplankton, zooplankton, decaying organic matter, aquatic plant etc. stomach is absent in the alimentary canal of the major carps. Three types of Indian major carps are cultured in
fish population dynamics, Population structure
Estimation of fish population dynamics are often based on age structures. Understanding past
population structure is of interest to evolutionary biologists because it can reveal when migration
regimes changed in natural populations, thereby pointing to potential environmental factors such as
climate changes as driving evolutionary forces. Characterizing the structure of extent populations is also
key to conservation genetics as translocation or reintroduction decisions must preserve evolutionary
stable units. Finally, population structure has important biomedical consequences either when a number
of subpopulation groups is locally adapted to particular environmental conditions (and maladapted
when exposed to new environments) or represents a confounding factor in the study of the statistical
association between genetic variants and phenotyp
INDIA INLAND CAPTURE FISHERIES
The document discusses India's inland water resources including rivers, reservoirs, lakes, tanks, ponds, wetlands, lagoons and estuaries. It notes that rivers cover over 1.9 lakh km and reservoirs cover over 3.15 million hectares. Major river systems include the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Indus, and rivers along the east and west coasts. Inland fisheries production has increased from 0.75 million tonnes in 1950-51 to over 8 million tonnes in 2009-10. States like West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh are major producers.
Lobstar culture and its management
This document provides information on lobster culture and its management. It discusses the important lobster species for culture, their habitat and feeding habits. It describes the breeding technology, seed collection methods, and hatchery and nursery management practices. Grow-out can be done using land-based tanks or sea cages. Key water quality parameters and stocking densities are outlined. Finally, common diseases affecting farmed lobsters are identified along with control measures.
Coldwater fisheries in India
This document discusses cold water fisheries in India. It describes the temperature range for cold water fisheries (5-25°C) and notes that states like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttarakhand are well-suited for cold water fisheries. It identifies important cold water fish species in India like various types of mahseer and trout. Mahseer can grow up to 1.5 meters long and breed from July to September. Trout generally feed on other fish and aquatic invertebrates. Cold water fisheries provide income, employment, and food for local populations and have significant potential to contribute to India's fisheries sector and economy.
Lobster seed production and Aquaculture.pptx
Lobsters are high value shell fishes. have good export value.
P. homarus also has high protein (24.18%) and carbohydrate content (55.68%) and lowest lipid content (6.18%) compare with other species. Another overexploitation of wild stock leading absence/rarely availability of lobster in Market, hence it is very imp to diversify potential lobster species. Recently rock lobster found breeding success, had good scope for continuous seed production.
Cultivable coastal water species of Fishes, Crustaceans, Mollusks, Seaweeds.pdf
Here you will gain a piece of detailed knowledge about Commonly cultivable coastal water species around the world
over exploitation of wild stocks
This document discusses overexploitation of wild fish stocks. It begins by explaining different types of overfishing including growth overfishing, recruitment overfishing, and ecosystem overfishing. It then provides examples of overexploited fish stocks in India like oil sardine, Indian mackerel, and Bombay duck. Studies on fish stock status in Karnataka and Kerala are mentioned, identifying certain species as depleted or declining. The document concludes by discussing the negative impacts of overexploitation, and some potential solutions like establishing marine protected areas and implementing fishing quotas.
Reproductive biology and life cycle of crabs
Reproductive Biology and Life cycle and larval stage of mud crab describe in simple language and easy to understand
Sustainability of Aquaculture in Bangladesh
Aquaculture is an important sector for Bangladesh's economy and food production, accounting for 5% of GDP and 6% of exports. However, many existing aquaculture practices are unsustainable, as they have led to environmental degradation like destruction of mangroves and wetlands for pond construction, soil acidification, and salinization of land and water. They have also negatively impacted livelihoods by reducing access to resources for local communities. Truly sustainable aquaculture requires practices that do not significantly disrupt ecosystems, are economically viable, and contribute to social well-being. Improving feed sources, closed containment systems, native species selection, and community inclusion can help make aquaculture more environmentally friendly and equitable.
ECOSYSTEM BASED FISHERIES MANEGEMNT
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) takes a holistic approach by considering all impacts on the ecosystem from fisheries and related human activities. It differs from conventional fisheries management by focusing on the entire ecosystem rather than individual species. The goal of EBFM is to maintain ecosystem health, integrity, and sustainability for both current and future generations. Key tools for implementing EBFM include ecosystem models (Ecopath, Ecosim), marine protected areas, and socioeconomic analysis to evaluate management tradeoffs.
Fish population dynamics and shock assesment(5th sem)
This document provides an introduction to fish stock assessment and key concepts. It discusses the primary objective of fish stock assessment as determining the optimal exploitation level to achieve maximum sustainable yield. It defines the stock concept as a subset of a species inhabiting a particular area with consistent growth and mortality parameters. The document emphasizes that fish stock assessment should be performed separately for each identified stock.
Soil Parameters in Fish Health
Soil is an important ecological factor for aquatic environments and ponds. It is the main source of nutrients through decomposition of detritus by microbes like algae and bacteria. This enhances pond productivity and supports bottom-dwelling organisms that fish prey on. Key soil properties that influence suitability for fish culture include pH, organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen levels, carbon to nitrogen ratio, texture and water holding capacity. Optimal ranges are pH of 6.5-7.5, over 1% organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen above 10 mg/100g and 6 mg/100g respectively, and a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 10-15.
Feeding habit in fish
This document discusses the feeding habits of fish. It begins by defining feeding habit as the kind of food an animal habitually consumes during its life or at a particular stage. It then describes different modes of feeding such as herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, and limnivores. The document highlights that understanding the feeding habits of fish is important for polyculture systems. It also discusses the major types of feeding like grazing, predation, straining, sucking, and parasitism. Finally, it provides examples of different mouth structures in fish and how they relate to the fish's diet.
Culture Methods of Mussels
This document presents different culture methods for farming mussels. There are three main types of culture methods: bottom culture, intertidal and shallow water culture, and deep water culture. Intertidal and shallow water culture methods include rack culture, tray culture, wig-wam culture, and rope-web culture. Rack culture involves hanging mussel collectors on bamboo poles. Tray culture uses bamboo or metal trays suspended on poles. Deep water culture methods are raft culture, using rafts to hold suspended rope collectors, and long-line culture, which uses underwater lines anchored at the bottom.
Techniques of fisheries management sudip
The document discusses various techniques of fisheries management, including conventional, developmental, and regulatory techniques. Conventional techniques historically focused on biological aspects and conservation, while modern fisheries management takes a wider approach. Developmental techniques involve creating master plans to develop sectors like marine fishing, aquaculture, and marketing over multiple years. Regulatory techniques use blanket controls like limiting fishing effort and catch quotas, as well as selective controls like protected areas and size limits, to regulate the catching, processing, and marketing branches of the fisheries industry.
Fishing Gear selectivity
Gear selectivity refers to a fishing gear's ability to target and capture certain species, sizes, or sexes of fish while allowing incidental bycatch to escape unharmed. Most gears like trawls selectively catch larger fish, while some gears like gill nets selectively catch fish within a certain size range. The selection curve shows the size ranges caught by a gear. A bell curve indicates the optimum size range, while a sigmoid curve shows how percentage retained increases with size. Gill nets catch fish by wedging, gilling, or tangling in meshes. Mesh size, net dimensions, hanging ratio, and environmental factors influence gill net selectivity. Proper understanding of selectivity allows sustainable fisheries that return juveniles.
Fish Tagging methods
Fish tagging methods allow biologists to gather information about fish populations. There are biological, chemical, and physical tagging methods. Biological methods use natural marks like parasites or morphology. Chemical methods involve immersing, injecting, or feeding fish dye to mark them. Physical methods include internal tags like coded wire tags or PIT tags, and external tags like strap tags, dart tags, and anchor tags. Tagging provides data on movement patterns, population estimates, growth, and mortality to further understanding of fisheries.
ELECTRONIC FISH FINDING EQUIPMENTS
The echo sounder is an instrument used to detect fish and map the seafloor. It consists of a transmitter that sends pulses, a transducer that converts the pulses to sound waves and receives the echo signals, a receiver that amplifies the echo signals, and a recorder that displays the echoes. The echo sounder is used to determine depth, map the seafloor contours and bottom composition, locate wrecks, and find fish schools. Sonar operates similarly but uses lower frequencies for longer range detection from ships and boats. Different types of sonar exist for short, medium, and long detection ranges.
Fish disease and health management
Fish disease is a major constraint to aquaculture development in Bangladesh. Common diseases include bacterial, fungal, parasitic and physical ailments. The risk of disease outbreaks increases with intensification of aquaculture and high stocking densities. Proper management practices like monitoring health, controlling transboundary movements, training workers and utilizing disease prevention techniques can help control disease spread and its impacts on aquaculture.
Nutritional requirement of cultivable fin fish: larvae, juveniles and adults
Fish is among the healthiest foods on the planet. It is loaded with important nutrients, such as protein and vitamin D. Fish is also the world's best source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are incredibly important for human body and brain.
Manufactured feeds are an important part of modern commercial aquaculture, providing the balanced nutrition needed by farmed fish.
In the development of modern aquaculture, starting in the 1970s, fishmeal and fish oil were key components of the feeds for these species. They are combined with other ingredients such as vegetable proteins, cereal grains, vitamins and minerals and formed into feed pellets.
The global supply of fish meal and fish oil is finite and fully utilized. Alternative or nontraditional feedstuffs may differ in terms of taste, smell, texture, and color, as well as nutrient composition, from the traditional feedstuffs, which are produced largely from the natural prey of the fish being raised. Alternative feedstuffs may also contain compounds and antinutritional factors that affect digestive or sensory physiology.
Another important area of fish nutrition for the next 20 years will be larval fish nutrition. Currently, the cost and difficulty of rearing a great number of species from the first feeding to the juvenile stage are the most severe bottlenecks to the development of aquaculture production of nontraditional species.
Fishing and gear technology
Fishing is the art of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Many years ago man started using various type of gear used for hunting the terrestrial animals and for fishing also. It is very difficult to say which started first, but some time it is opined that fishing is younger. Reason behind it is easy to catch animals in the land than in the water. In olden days fishing was not having much importance as there was no demand for fish. Earlier fishing was restricted to a particular community but it is not so now. In order to meet the increased demand, fishing is now carried out industrially. Fishing technology not only concerns fishing gear, fishing methods and vessels but also concern Biological and Environmental factors
Reservoir fisheries of india
1. There are three types of reservoirs in India - small (<1000 hectares), medium (1000-5000 hectares), and large (>5000 hectares). Small reservoirs account for the largest number (19,134) and area (1.48 million hectares).
2. Indian reservoirs tend to be nutrient-rich with narrow temperature fluctuations that prevent thermal stratification in many areas. Biotic communities include phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, and decomposers like bacteria and fungi.
3. Fish production in Indian reservoirs is low on average at 20 kg/ha compared to potential yields, with room for improvement through management practices like stocking preferred fish species.
Community based fisheries management in Cambodia.
The community-based fisheries management (CBFM) in Cambodia aims to promote the sustainable fisheries resource management by the empowerment of fisher’s communities to manage their own aquatic resource. This paper describes the challenging of fisheries communities’ implementation: case study in Cambodia and the most important insight in the advocated practical issues that impact on their social livelihood. In addition, this lesson is aimed to gain a better understanding of function in CBFM in Cambodia in general, with particular emphasis the way forward successful of CBFM. The absence of sustainable management and ineffective enforcement of regulation lead to overfishing. The illegal fishing and encroachment of flood plain forest as private possession, other developments still exist including possible accessing of outsider fisher. Mostly CBFM still depends on external support combine with the short budget and no regular incentive resource. The understanding of fishermen and good leadership as well as capacity building initiative which focus on leadership development which is personnel investment and including effort of women involvement. The collaboration between government agencies and community committee are weak including the right of individual participation as co-management actor in community fisheries decision making processes. In addition, CBFM lacks in action plan, and cooperation of competent authority which is essential for the progress of implementation of fisheries management. We need to promote regional, national and sub-nation networking on implement community fisheries (Cfi) activities by their own initiative and self-financial creation. Law on fisheries and sub-degree on Cfi management should amendment for empowerment and promote the right based approached.
EXPONENTIAL DACAY MODEL & MORTALITY CONCEPT IN FISH STOCK ASSESSMENT
This document discusses exponential decay models and total mortality in fish stock assessment. It provides information on:
- The various risks fish face throughout their life cycles that can lead to mortality, including fishing, predation, disease, pollution, and old age.
- The components of total mortality (Z), which is the sum of fishing mortality (F) and natural mortality (M). Natural mortality includes physiological, selective, and chance mortality from factors other than fishing.
- How the exponential decay model describes how fish numbers decrease exponentially over time according to the total mortality rate (Z). Higher Z values mean faster decreases in numbers and lower maximum ages.
- Examples are given showing the percentages of fish surviving after 1
Economics of major Open water fish farming systems
This document discusses various types of open water aquaculture systems including cage culture, pen culture, seaweed farming, lobster farming, and more. It then provides details on specific open water aquaculture practices for different species like mussels, lobsters, fish, and seaweeds. Farming methods, enclosure structures, stocking densities, feed requirements, and economics are described for cage culture, pen culture, and lobster farming. Overall, the document serves as a guide for understanding open water aquaculture systems and farming techniques for different organisms.
Mussel grow out culture
This document provides information on green mussel culture methods in three paragraphs or less:
The document outlines different culture methods for green mussels including bottom culture, intertidal culture using racks, stakes, trays, and poles, as well as deep water culture using rafts and long-lines. It discusses considerations for site selection such as shelter, water quality, and bottom type. The biology of the green mussel is summarized, including its lifecycle, growth rates, and sexual maturity. Overall, the document introduces various techniques for farming green mussels from collection of spat to harvesting.
Deep sea fisheries
This document provides information on deep sea fisheries of India, including:
1. It discusses the history of deep sea fishing in India dating back to the 1970s and laws/policies governing deep sea fishing.
2. It describes some key deep sea fishery resources of India including oceanic tuna, oceanic sharks, and deep sea shellfish. Several species are highlighted for each category.
3. Production details are given for oceanic tuna, where landings have been negligible but are being targeted through new programs, and for sharks, where landings in 2016 were around 52,840 tons.
Microbial diversity & redundancy
Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms. There are several branches of microbiology including bacteriology, mycology, and virology. Microbes are found in diverse habitats and have relationships with other organisms. Important bacterial genera include Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Clostridium. Viruses can cause diseases like hepatitis, smallpox, and the common cold. Fungi include yeasts and molds and are found worldwide in various environments. Yeasts are used to produce alcoholic beverages and leaven baked goods.
Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
1) The document discusses various tagging methods that have been used for over a century to study fish populations but have not been extensively utilized for fisheries management in Europe as expected.
2) It outlines the objectives of assessing past and future tagging use, reliability of methods for fisheries research and stock assessment, and improving tagging methodology.
3) The document provides details on various tagging considerations including strategic planning, fish treatment during capture, tagging and release, and types of external and internal tags and their applications and advantages/disadvantages.
More Related Content
What's hot
Reproductive biology and life cycle of crabs
Reproductive Biology and Life cycle and larval stage of mud crab describe in simple language and easy to understand
Sustainability of Aquaculture in Bangladesh
Aquaculture is an important sector for Bangladesh's economy and food production, accounting for 5% of GDP and 6% of exports. However, many existing aquaculture practices are unsustainable, as they have led to environmental degradation like destruction of mangroves and wetlands for pond construction, soil acidification, and salinization of land and water. They have also negatively impacted livelihoods by reducing access to resources for local communities. Truly sustainable aquaculture requires practices that do not significantly disrupt ecosystems, are economically viable, and contribute to social well-being. Improving feed sources, closed containment systems, native species selection, and community inclusion can help make aquaculture more environmentally friendly and equitable.
ECOSYSTEM BASED FISHERIES MANEGEMNT
Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) takes a holistic approach by considering all impacts on the ecosystem from fisheries and related human activities. It differs from conventional fisheries management by focusing on the entire ecosystem rather than individual species. The goal of EBFM is to maintain ecosystem health, integrity, and sustainability for both current and future generations. Key tools for implementing EBFM include ecosystem models (Ecopath, Ecosim), marine protected areas, and socioeconomic analysis to evaluate management tradeoffs.
Fish population dynamics and shock assesment(5th sem)
This document provides an introduction to fish stock assessment and key concepts. It discusses the primary objective of fish stock assessment as determining the optimal exploitation level to achieve maximum sustainable yield. It defines the stock concept as a subset of a species inhabiting a particular area with consistent growth and mortality parameters. The document emphasizes that fish stock assessment should be performed separately for each identified stock.
Soil Parameters in Fish Health
Soil is an important ecological factor for aquatic environments and ponds. It is the main source of nutrients through decomposition of detritus by microbes like algae and bacteria. This enhances pond productivity and supports bottom-dwelling organisms that fish prey on. Key soil properties that influence suitability for fish culture include pH, organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen levels, carbon to nitrogen ratio, texture and water holding capacity. Optimal ranges are pH of 6.5-7.5, over 1% organic carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen above 10 mg/100g and 6 mg/100g respectively, and a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 10-15.
Feeding habit in fish
This document discusses the feeding habits of fish. It begins by defining feeding habit as the kind of food an animal habitually consumes during its life or at a particular stage. It then describes different modes of feeding such as herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, and limnivores. The document highlights that understanding the feeding habits of fish is important for polyculture systems. It also discusses the major types of feeding like grazing, predation, straining, sucking, and parasitism. Finally, it provides examples of different mouth structures in fish and how they relate to the fish's diet.
Culture Methods of Mussels
This document presents different culture methods for farming mussels. There are three main types of culture methods: bottom culture, intertidal and shallow water culture, and deep water culture. Intertidal and shallow water culture methods include rack culture, tray culture, wig-wam culture, and rope-web culture. Rack culture involves hanging mussel collectors on bamboo poles. Tray culture uses bamboo or metal trays suspended on poles. Deep water culture methods are raft culture, using rafts to hold suspended rope collectors, and long-line culture, which uses underwater lines anchored at the bottom.
Techniques of fisheries management sudip
The document discusses various techniques of fisheries management, including conventional, developmental, and regulatory techniques. Conventional techniques historically focused on biological aspects and conservation, while modern fisheries management takes a wider approach. Developmental techniques involve creating master plans to develop sectors like marine fishing, aquaculture, and marketing over multiple years. Regulatory techniques use blanket controls like limiting fishing effort and catch quotas, as well as selective controls like protected areas and size limits, to regulate the catching, processing, and marketing branches of the fisheries industry.
Fishing Gear selectivity
Gear selectivity refers to a fishing gear's ability to target and capture certain species, sizes, or sexes of fish while allowing incidental bycatch to escape unharmed. Most gears like trawls selectively catch larger fish, while some gears like gill nets selectively catch fish within a certain size range. The selection curve shows the size ranges caught by a gear. A bell curve indicates the optimum size range, while a sigmoid curve shows how percentage retained increases with size. Gill nets catch fish by wedging, gilling, or tangling in meshes. Mesh size, net dimensions, hanging ratio, and environmental factors influence gill net selectivity. Proper understanding of selectivity allows sustainable fisheries that return juveniles.
Fish Tagging methods
Fish tagging methods allow biologists to gather information about fish populations. There are biological, chemical, and physical tagging methods. Biological methods use natural marks like parasites or morphology. Chemical methods involve immersing, injecting, or feeding fish dye to mark them. Physical methods include internal tags like coded wire tags or PIT tags, and external tags like strap tags, dart tags, and anchor tags. Tagging provides data on movement patterns, population estimates, growth, and mortality to further understanding of fisheries.
ELECTRONIC FISH FINDING EQUIPMENTS
The echo sounder is an instrument used to detect fish and map the seafloor. It consists of a transmitter that sends pulses, a transducer that converts the pulses to sound waves and receives the echo signals, a receiver that amplifies the echo signals, and a recorder that displays the echoes. The echo sounder is used to determine depth, map the seafloor contours and bottom composition, locate wrecks, and find fish schools. Sonar operates similarly but uses lower frequencies for longer range detection from ships and boats. Different types of sonar exist for short, medium, and long detection ranges.
Fish disease and health management
Fish disease is a major constraint to aquaculture development in Bangladesh. Common diseases include bacterial, fungal, parasitic and physical ailments. The risk of disease outbreaks increases with intensification of aquaculture and high stocking densities. Proper management practices like monitoring health, controlling transboundary movements, training workers and utilizing disease prevention techniques can help control disease spread and its impacts on aquaculture.
Nutritional requirement of cultivable fin fish: larvae, juveniles and adults
Fish is among the healthiest foods on the planet. It is loaded with important nutrients, such as protein and vitamin D. Fish is also the world's best source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are incredibly important for human body and brain.
Manufactured feeds are an important part of modern commercial aquaculture, providing the balanced nutrition needed by farmed fish.
In the development of modern aquaculture, starting in the 1970s, fishmeal and fish oil were key components of the feeds for these species. They are combined with other ingredients such as vegetable proteins, cereal grains, vitamins and minerals and formed into feed pellets.
The global supply of fish meal and fish oil is finite and fully utilized. Alternative or nontraditional feedstuffs may differ in terms of taste, smell, texture, and color, as well as nutrient composition, from the traditional feedstuffs, which are produced largely from the natural prey of the fish being raised. Alternative feedstuffs may also contain compounds and antinutritional factors that affect digestive or sensory physiology.
Another important area of fish nutrition for the next 20 years will be larval fish nutrition. Currently, the cost and difficulty of rearing a great number of species from the first feeding to the juvenile stage are the most severe bottlenecks to the development of aquaculture production of nontraditional species.
Fishing and gear technology
Fishing is the art of catching fish and other aquatic animals. Many years ago man started using various type of gear used for hunting the terrestrial animals and for fishing also. It is very difficult to say which started first, but some time it is opined that fishing is younger. Reason behind it is easy to catch animals in the land than in the water. In olden days fishing was not having much importance as there was no demand for fish. Earlier fishing was restricted to a particular community but it is not so now. In order to meet the increased demand, fishing is now carried out industrially. Fishing technology not only concerns fishing gear, fishing methods and vessels but also concern Biological and Environmental factors
Reservoir fisheries of india
1. There are three types of reservoirs in India - small (<1000 hectares), medium (1000-5000 hectares), and large (>5000 hectares). Small reservoirs account for the largest number (19,134) and area (1.48 million hectares).
2. Indian reservoirs tend to be nutrient-rich with narrow temperature fluctuations that prevent thermal stratification in many areas. Biotic communities include phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, and decomposers like bacteria and fungi.
3. Fish production in Indian reservoirs is low on average at 20 kg/ha compared to potential yields, with room for improvement through management practices like stocking preferred fish species.
Community based fisheries management in Cambodia.
The community-based fisheries management (CBFM) in Cambodia aims to promote the sustainable fisheries resource management by the empowerment of fisher’s communities to manage their own aquatic resource. This paper describes the challenging of fisheries communities’ implementation: case study in Cambodia and the most important insight in the advocated practical issues that impact on their social livelihood. In addition, this lesson is aimed to gain a better understanding of function in CBFM in Cambodia in general, with particular emphasis the way forward successful of CBFM. The absence of sustainable management and ineffective enforcement of regulation lead to overfishing. The illegal fishing and encroachment of flood plain forest as private possession, other developments still exist including possible accessing of outsider fisher. Mostly CBFM still depends on external support combine with the short budget and no regular incentive resource. The understanding of fishermen and good leadership as well as capacity building initiative which focus on leadership development which is personnel investment and including effort of women involvement. The collaboration between government agencies and community committee are weak including the right of individual participation as co-management actor in community fisheries decision making processes. In addition, CBFM lacks in action plan, and cooperation of competent authority which is essential for the progress of implementation of fisheries management. We need to promote regional, national and sub-nation networking on implement community fisheries (Cfi) activities by their own initiative and self-financial creation. Law on fisheries and sub-degree on Cfi management should amendment for empowerment and promote the right based approached.
EXPONENTIAL DACAY MODEL & MORTALITY CONCEPT IN FISH STOCK ASSESSMENT
This document discusses exponential decay models and total mortality in fish stock assessment. It provides information on:
- The various risks fish face throughout their life cycles that can lead to mortality, including fishing, predation, disease, pollution, and old age.
- The components of total mortality (Z), which is the sum of fishing mortality (F) and natural mortality (M). Natural mortality includes physiological, selective, and chance mortality from factors other than fishing.
- How the exponential decay model describes how fish numbers decrease exponentially over time according to the total mortality rate (Z). Higher Z values mean faster decreases in numbers and lower maximum ages.
- Examples are given showing the percentages of fish surviving after 1
Economics of major Open water fish farming systems
This document discusses various types of open water aquaculture systems including cage culture, pen culture, seaweed farming, lobster farming, and more. It then provides details on specific open water aquaculture practices for different species like mussels, lobsters, fish, and seaweeds. Farming methods, enclosure structures, stocking densities, feed requirements, and economics are described for cage culture, pen culture, and lobster farming. Overall, the document serves as a guide for understanding open water aquaculture systems and farming techniques for different organisms.
Mussel grow out culture
This document provides information on green mussel culture methods in three paragraphs or less:
The document outlines different culture methods for green mussels including bottom culture, intertidal culture using racks, stakes, trays, and poles, as well as deep water culture using rafts and long-lines. It discusses considerations for site selection such as shelter, water quality, and bottom type. The biology of the green mussel is summarized, including its lifecycle, growth rates, and sexual maturity. Overall, the document introduces various techniques for farming green mussels from collection of spat to harvesting.
Deep sea fisheries
This document provides information on deep sea fisheries of India, including:
1. It discusses the history of deep sea fishing in India dating back to the 1970s and laws/policies governing deep sea fishing.
2. It describes some key deep sea fishery resources of India including oceanic tuna, oceanic sharks, and deep sea shellfish. Several species are highlighted for each category.
3. Production details are given for oceanic tuna, where landings have been negligible but are being targeted through new programs, and for sharks, where landings in 2016 were around 52,840 tons.
What's hot (20)
Fish population dynamics and shock assesment(5th sem)
Fish population dynamics and shock assesment(5th sem)
Nutritional requirement of cultivable fin fish: larvae, juveniles and adults
Nutritional requirement of cultivable fin fish: larvae, juveniles and adults
EXPONENTIAL DACAY MODEL & MORTALITY CONCEPT IN FISH STOCK ASSESSMENT
EXPONENTIAL DACAY MODEL & MORTALITY CONCEPT IN FISH STOCK ASSESSMENT
Economics of major Open water fish farming systems
Economics of major Open water fish farming systems
Viewers also liked
Microbial diversity & redundancy
Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms. There are several branches of microbiology including bacteriology, mycology, and virology. Microbes are found in diverse habitats and have relationships with other organisms. Important bacterial genera include Escherichia, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Clostridium. Viruses can cause diseases like hepatitis, smallpox, and the common cold. Fungi include yeasts and molds and are found worldwide in various environments. Yeasts are used to produce alcoholic beverages and leaven baked goods.
Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
1) The document discusses various tagging methods that have been used for over a century to study fish populations but have not been extensively utilized for fisheries management in Europe as expected.
2) It outlines the objectives of assessing past and future tagging use, reliability of methods for fisheries research and stock assessment, and improving tagging methodology.
3) The document provides details on various tagging considerations including strategic planning, fish treatment during capture, tagging and release, and types of external and internal tags and their applications and advantages/disadvantages.
Fisheries resource management and fishers access mechanisms to the resource
This document discusses fisheries resource management in Bangladesh and issues related to fishers' access. It provides a history of management practices over time. Currently, water bodies are managed by the Department of Fisheries through leasing systems. Problems include fishers lacking credit access and fixed lease rates being too high. The document recommends improving credit access for fishers, managing resources without middlemen, and establishing community-based fisheries management.
Medical applications of fisheries byproducts
The document discusses the potential medical applications of fisheries byproducts. It outlines several examples, including using sn-2 docosahexaenoic acid inserted phospholipids from fish oils to enhance tumor survival and promote cancer cell differentiation. Additionally, it proposes using squid pen chitin laminated with salmon skin collagen as an artificial human skin and developing salmon testis DNA-alginic acid films that can be impregnated with silver ions. Finally, the document notes that a novel peptidoglycan from squid ink was found to have antitumor activity, demonstrating the potential for new medicines from fisheries byproducts.
Effects of Fungicides for Non Target Fungi Alternaria cassiae
The fungicides are used to control of pathogenic fungi in several tilth but they can affect negatively the microorganisms diversity of soil. The aim of this research was to evaluate the toxicity and environmental risk of tebuconazoles: captan, tebuconazole and the mixture chlorothalonil + propamocarb hidrochloride for fungi Alternaria cassiae. Each fungicide were performed three experiments in completely randomized design with three repetitions and the growth was evaluated daily. Inhibition concentration (IC50;7d) of tebuconazole was 3.49 mg L-1, the captan was 47.36 mg L-1 and of mixture chlorothalonil + propamocarb hidrochloride, 64.04 mg L-1. Tebuconazole is classified as moderately toxic and sensitivity, captan, low toxicity and sensitivity and the mixture, non toxic and insensitive but only captan showed possibility of adverse effect for A. cassiae.
Mcb lecture 2
This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in an introductory microbiology course, including:
1) An introduction to microbes and their significance in human health, nutrient cycling, and industrial applications.
2) Techniques for observing, culturing, and controlling microbes.
3) The diversity of microorganisms and their classification.
4) Bacterial metabolism, genetics, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
5) The role of microbes in infectious diseases, medical therapies, and ecology.
SB20103 Microbe Diversity: Microbe Identification Methods
This document discusses microbial identification methods. It begins by outlining the objectives and topics to be covered, including identification of bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. For bacteria, it describes phenotypic methods like morphology, physiology/biochemistry, and genotypic techniques using genetic markers. Morphological identification of bacteria involves shape, staining, and colony appearance. Physiological/biochemical tests examine enzyme production and nutrient metabolism. Genotypic methods like nucleic acid sequencing and PCR are also discussed. The document continues by addressing identification of fungi, algae, and viruses through their distinguishing characteristics and laboratory techniques.
Bio 120 lecture 2 2011 2012
This document outlines a biology lecture on the diversity of microorganisms. It discusses the classification of microbes into three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Within these domains, different types of prokaryotes and eukaryotes are described, including bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa, helminths, and viruses. Various identification techniques for microbes are also mentioned.
B.Sc. Microbiology II Bacteriology Unit III Microbial Diversity
The document discusses several types of microorganisms including archaea, which are single-celled prokaryotes that were initially misclassified as bacteria. It describes archaea subgroups like methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles and their characteristics, habitats and roles. The document also discusses eubacteria, the domain of bacteria that are typically smaller than archaea and inhabit diverse environments.
Serum sickness
Serum sickness is a type III hypersensitivity reaction caused by foreign antigens like horse serum proteins. It occurs when antigen-antibody complexes form in blood vessels, activating the complement system and causing tissue damage. Clinical symptoms appear 7-12 days after antigen exposure and include rashes, joint pain, fever, and organ involvement. Diagnosis involves detecting immune complexes, complement activation, and organ-specific markers. Treatment focuses on supportive care with antihistamines and corticosteroids to reduce symptoms. Prevention emphasizes human serum use and desensitization protocols when exposure is necessary. Prognosis is usually good with mild self-limiting symptoms, but severe cases can lead to organ damage or death.
fish byproducts
This document discusses various by-products that can be obtained from fish processing. It describes how fish unsuitable for human consumption and fish parts are used to produce items like fish oil, fish meal, fish manure, hydrolyzed protein, isinglass and other products. The document provides details on the production processes and uses of these different by-products. It explains that utilizing fish in this way helps reduce waste and generates additional economic benefits from the fishing industry.
Diversity of the microbial world 2008 2009
The document discusses the diversity of microbial life. It describes the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and how taxonomy is used to classify microorganisms based on similarities and relationships. Bacteria are classified into domains, with the major bacterial groups being heterotrophic eubacteria and photosynthetic cyanobacteria. The structures and characteristics of bacterial and eukaryotic cells are also compared.
Biodiversity and Microbial Biodiversity
Biodiversity, Microbial Biodiversity, Bacterial Biodiveristy, Archae Biodiversity, Protozoa Biodiversity, Fungal Biodiversity, Origin of Life, Origin of Life on Earth, Chemical Evolution, Physical Evolution, Biological Evolution
Utilization of fish wastes
This document discusses the utilization of fish wastes from processing. Around 70% of fish is processed, generating 20-80% waste depending on the level of processing. Currently, most fish waste is disposed of in oceans, polluting the water. The document outlines current uses of fish waste including fish silage for animal feed, fish meal production, and fish sauce fermentation. It also discusses extracting proteins, amino acids, and oils from fish waste and their various industrial applications.
Utilization of meat Industry by-products and Wastes
The document discusses the utilization of meat industry by-products and wastes. It defines meat and meat products, and by-products. It describes the common meat processing operations that generate by-products like trimmings, bones, blood, and skin. These by-products can be used to produce items like meat/bone meal, blood meal, fertilizer, and bioactive peptides. Specific processes are outlined for producing these items from the by-products in a sanitary and productive manner.
Micro organisms
Microorganisms are microscopic organisms that include bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, algae, and some animals. They play important roles in environments and processes like decomposition, nutrient cycling, and carbon cycling. There are four main types of microorganisms: bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and viruses. Bacteria are prokaryotic microbes that have diverse shapes and live in many environments. Viruses can only replicate inside host cells and come in different shapes and sizes but are usually 100 times smaller than bacteria. Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic organisms including some motile species. Microorganisms are also used in food production and have medical applications but some can cause diseases if
Identification And Differentiation Of Microorganisms
Microorganisms can be identified and differentiated using various processes including staining, microscopy, culture techniques, and biochemical analysis. Staining methods like Gram staining and acid-fast staining are used under microscopy to classify bacteria based on cell wall properties and staining patterns. Culture media allow microbes to grow and be distinguished based on colony morphology and biochemical reactions. Together these methods provide essential visual and functional information to identify and classify microorganisms.
Microbial taxonomy and classification system
- Taxonomy is the science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms. It provides understanding of biodiversity which is important for conservation and sustainability.
- Aristotle was the first to attempt classifying organisms by type and introduce binomial nomenclature. Later systems were proposed by Linnaeus, Whittaker, and Woese based on new understandings of cell structure, genetics, and evolution.
- Different classification systems include artificial, natural, phylogenetic, polyphasic, and numerical taxonomy which use varying characteristics and methodologies.
Diversity in living organisms
The document provides a detailed overview of the hierarchical classification system used to classify living organisms. It describes the five kingdom system including Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Each kingdom is then broken down into smaller subgroups like phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. Examples are provided for important subgroups in each kingdom like bacteria, fungi, ferns, flowering plants, sponges, jellyfish, worms, insects, fish and mammals.
Bergey’s manual of bacterial classification
Bergey’s Manual is a key reference work for classifying and identifying prokaryotes. It consists of two parts: Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, which provides identification schemes based on morphology and biochemical tests; and Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, which provides phylogenetic classification based on rRNA sequencing. The first edition in 1923 established bacterial classification for identification. Current editions are based on phylogenetic studies and distribute pathogenic bacteria throughout volumes organized by phylogenetic relationships rather than clinical importance.
Viewers also liked (20)
Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
Fisheries resource management and fishers access mechanisms to the resource
Fisheries resource management and fishers access mechanisms to the resource
Effects of Fungicides for Non Target Fungi Alternaria cassiae
Effects of Fungicides for Non Target Fungi Alternaria cassiae
SB20103 Microbe Diversity: Microbe Identification Methods
SB20103 Microbe Diversity: Microbe Identification Methods
B.Sc. Microbiology II Bacteriology Unit III Microbial Diversity
B.Sc. Microbiology II Bacteriology Unit III Microbial Diversity
Utilization of meat Industry by-products and Wastes
Utilization of meat Industry by-products and Wastes
Identification And Differentiation Of Microorganisms
Identification And Differentiation Of Microorganisms
Similar to Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
3rd yr.pptx
The document discusses various methods for assessing the quality of fresh and processed fishery products, including sensory, physical, biochemical, microbiological, and statistical methods. Sensory methods are considered best as they involve direct human evaluation of attributes like appearance, odor, texture and flavor. Quality is influenced by both intrinsic factors related to the raw material itself as well as extrinsic factors involving post-harvest handling and processing. Quality control measures like GMPs, SSOPs, and HACCP help ensure a safe, high quality product.
Sustainable Fisheries in the Indian Context
Summary of Key Note Address delivered a t the 10th Indian Fisheries and Aquaculture Forum Lucknow, November, 2014
METHODS OF QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF FISH
This document discusses various methods for assessing the quality of fish, including sensory and non-sensory methods. Sensory methods involve using human senses to evaluate characteristics like appearance, odor, flavor, and texture. The three main sensory methods described are the European Union scheme, Quality Index Method (QIM), and Torry scoring system. Non-sensory or instrumental methods involve chemical analysis and measuring values like pH, trimethylamine, histamine content, and peroxide value to objectively determine quality. Both sensory and non-sensory methods are used to evaluate freshness and identify spoilage in order to ensure fish safety for consumers.
Examples of Aquatic Protected Area Assessment Frameworks and Indicators
This presentation was given at a workshop to select indicators for Fish Conservation Zone assessments on November 7 and 8, 2016, in Vientiane, Lao PDR. It provides examples of aquatic assessment frameworks and indicators that informed the development of FiSHBIO's freshwater protected area guidebook project in Laos. In particular, the project was inspired by How is Your MPA Doing? (Pomeroy et al. 2004), which is an assessment guidebook for Marine Protected Areas developed by the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas, WWF, and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The presentation also provides two case studies of freshwater protected area assessments in Southeast Asia. One was contributed by Ian Baird, who has used local ecological knowledge of fishers to assess FCZs in Champasak Province. Villagers from 53 villages named 51 fish and turtle species that benefited from FCZs. Their knowledge included fish surfacing in deep pools, fish croaking during spawning, fish catch outside the FCZ. A second case study was contributed by Aaron Koning, who is assessing FCZs on the Salween River in northern Thailand. His methods include snorkel surveys to count large fish inside and outside of the FCZ, quadrat surveys to count small fish hiding in rocks. and surveys of invertebrates and algae inside and outside the FCZs. Finally, the presentation discusses a literature review that FISHBIO has conducted to identify potential freshwater indicators for FCZs in Lao PDR.
Fishing theory,Principle of Fishing
PRINCIPLE 1: Sustainable fish stock
A fishery must be conducted in a manner that does not lead to over-fishing or depletion of the exploited populations and, for those populations that are depleted, the fishery must be conducted in a manner that demonstrably leads to their recovery
PRINCIPLE 2: Minimizing environmental effect
Fishing operations should allow for the maintenance of the structure, productivity, function and diversity of the ecosystem (including habitat and associated dependent and ecologically related species) on which the fishery depends.
PIND Aquaculture Manual
The purpose of this manual is to help trainers provide training-cum-demonstration support on fish pond management techniques. It can be used to teach farmers the concepts, skills and practices of good pond management that are vital for producing economically feasible yields and solving pond management problems.
In addition, this manual is useful as a quick-reference and self-help guide for fishery facilitators, fish farmers and extension workers. It is designed to arouse the interest of fish farmers and the general public, thereby stimulating greater investment in fish farming. This simple training and demonstration manual has the potential to greatly improve the practices of fish farmers and help promote rapid rural aquaculture development.
Fish Processing Activities.pptx.......................
Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fish Processing Activities.Fis
Better practice guidelines for fish farmers
The document presents guidelines for sustainable and responsible marine pen and cage aquaculture in the Philippines. It discusses developing Better Practice Guidelines (BPGs) to provide farmers with practical advice based on lessons learned. The BPGs cover the full production cycle and aim to improve environmental management, animal welfare, social and economic sustainability over time. Key areas addressed include siting, design, hatchery practices, feeding, health, quality assurance, monitoring, social responsibility and waste management.
Efficacy of a New Acoustic Tag Designed to Indicate Occurrence of a Predatio...
Efficacy of a New Acoustic Tag Designed to Indicate Occurrence of a Predatio...HTI Hydroacoustic Technology, Inc.
Andrew Schultz, Virginia Afentoulis
California Department of Water Resources
Prototype HTI acoustic predation tags designed to indicate an acoustic tagged fish had been eaten by a predator were tested by DWR and Reclamation staff at the Tracy Fish Collection Facility’s Tracy Aquaculture Facility. Six adult striped bass (> 400 mm FL) were each sequentially fed ten Chinook salmon with implanted
predation tags. Initial feeding time to predation tag activation time, was recorded for 54 of the 60 predation tags (6 tags failed to activate). Average time for a tag to activate was 57:30:59 (range: 22:18:00 to 140:01:00). Control predation tags (tags turned on but
not in predation indication mode) were surgically implanted in to two groups of ten control Chinook salmon. The control Chinook salmon were held for at least 30 days post‐surgery to check for effects of the predation tag on fish health and recovery from
surgery. There were 3 mortalities within 2 weeks after the surgical implantation. There were no false positives in the control fish, meaning that the tags did not activate in the target species. Predation tags are a promising new technology for determining the fate of acoustically‐tagged salmonids. Once field tested, these
tags could be used in many applications to understand the magnitude of predator impacts on salmonids near
manmade structures.Seafood Certification Programs
Cormac O'Sullivan, Technical Manager - Seafood at SAI Global presents on the various Seafood certification programs, their requirements and how they fit into the Aquaculture landscape.
A review on correlations between fish freshness and p h during cold storage
This document reviews the use of pH as an indicator of fish freshness during cold storage. It discusses how fish freshness is traditionally evaluated through sensory analysis but that pH measurements provide a simple, reliable alternative. The document summarizes several studies that found strong correlations between increasing pH levels and deteriorating quality measures like microbial growth, trimethylamine content, and total volatile base nitrogen during storage. Therefore, the document concludes that pH is a suitable tool for evaluating fish freshness in place of more complex sensory analysis methods.
Copq report ppt
The document summarizes the fishing industry in Pakistan, including its aims, introduction, processing methods, challenges, and costs of poor quality. It discusses the industry's goals of understanding total quality management and improving quality. It provides an overview of the industry, describing Pakistan's coastal fisheries resources and exports. It outlines the processing steps and challenges like overfishing, loss of mangroves, and water pollution. It also examines the costs of poor quality, including failure and prevention costs as well as appraisal costs. Finally, it provides recommendations to improve quality such as freezing good quality fish, proper storage, hiring trained personnel, refrigeration facilities, and quality certification.
COPQ - Seafood industry of Pak
The document summarizes the fishing industry in Pakistan, including its aims, introduction, processing methods, challenges, and costs of poor quality. It discusses the industry's goals of understanding total quality management and improving quality. It provides an overview of the industry, describing Pakistan's coastal fisheries resources and exports. It outlines the processing steps and challenges like overfishing, loss of mangroves, and water pollution. It also examines the costs of poor quality, including failure and prevention costs as well as appraisal costs. Finally, it provides recommendations to improve quality such as freezing good quality fish, proper storage, hiring trained personnel, refrigeration facilities, and quality certification.
Scm in fishing industry
An overview of how the perishable product moves from one stake holder to another in a supply chain of various intermediaries in Fishing Industry in Mumbai
Simple Indicators for Sustainable Fisheries
This document summarizes a start-up meeting for WP7, which aims to identify and evaluate simple indicators for sustainable fisheries management. It outlines the WP goals and objectives, lists the WP7 members, and describes the criteria and indicators selected. These include indicators related to the percentage of mature fish, optimal sized fish, and megaspawners in catches. The document also identifies potential target fisheries and next steps, which include assembling indicator data and starting to consider management responses. It notes that indicator identification is the easy part, while successful implementation will be more challenging.
input andoutput control measuresUnit vii
This document discusses various methods for managing fisheries resources, including input controls, output controls, ecosystem management, and participatory management. It focuses on management approaches used in India, including regulating destructive fishing gears, establishing minimum sizes, and involving local communities. Effective management requires balancing biological, economic, and social objectives, while considering different levels of management from local to national. Maximum sustainable yield and maintaining spawning stock are key goals.
2nd international business forum tuna pole and line hand line kelvin ng
This document discusses the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) certification program and market trends related to sustainable seafood. The MSC aims to improve fisheries globally through independent sustainability assessments and market incentives provided by their ecolabel. Consumer research shows that shoppers want retailers to help them make informed sustainable seafood choices and trust ecolabels like the MSC. Major retailers in Australia, Denmark, and Japan are expanding their offerings of MSC-certified seafood in response to growing market drivers and consumer demand for sustainability. The document outlines steps Indonesian fisheries could take to improve management and achieve MSC certification to access growing markets favoring sustainable products.
#6/9 Marine ecological monitoring at UK OSWF
Presention #6 of 9: Kevin Linnane of RPS sharing case studies of marine ecological monitoring , lessons learned and rationale for future monitoring of fish
FISH-SEED-CERTIFICATION-AND-QUARANTINE-PROCEDURES (1).ppt
This document discusses fish seed certification and quarantine procedures. It covers topics like quality assurance of fish seeds, certification processes in different countries, guidelines for good aquaculture practices, and general principles and considerations for quarantine facilities. Quarantine involves isolating aquatic animals to observe for diseases and involves proper treatment, testing, and containment to prevent spread of pathogens.
Fish Identification Course
The purpose of this course is to develop participant fish identification skills and knowledge of regional freshwater fish species. Participants will learn an overall system for identifying fish. Characteristics of major taxonomic groups within each
family will provide the basis to approach species-level identification. Although emphasis will be placed on the families Cyprinidae, Percidae, Centrarchidae, Catostomidae, and Ictaluridae, specimens from 25 North American freshwater fish
families will be available for study. This course is "hands on" and lab-intensive. Field exercises will provide fresh specimens for identification.
Similar to Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries (20)
Examples of Aquatic Protected Area Assessment Frameworks and Indicators
Examples of Aquatic Protected Area Assessment Frameworks and Indicators
Fish Processing Activities.pptx.......................
Fish Processing Activities.pptx.......................
Efficacy of a New Acoustic Tag Designed to Indicate Occurrence of a Predatio...
Efficacy of a New Acoustic Tag Designed to Indicate Occurrence of a Predatio...
A review on correlations between fish freshness and p h during cold storage
A review on correlations between fish freshness and p h during cold storage
2nd international business forum tuna pole and line hand line kelvin ng
2nd international business forum tuna pole and line hand line kelvin ng
FISH-SEED-CERTIFICATION-AND-QUARANTINE-PROCEDURES (1).ppt
FISH-SEED-CERTIFICATION-AND-QUARANTINE-PROCEDURES (1).ppt
More from Nazmul Ahmed Oli
Use of Artemia in Aquaculture in Bangladesh
This document discusses the use of Artemia (brine shrimp) in aquaculture in Bangladesh. It provides background on Artemia, describing what it is, its nutritional value, and importance in aquaculture. While Artemia is widely used in fish hatcheries in Bangladesh, the country currently imports cysts due to difficulties in domestic production. However, Bangladesh has suitable conditions for culturing Artemia and prospects for future domestic production to meet local aquaculture needs.
Rice fish integrated farming
Rice and fish have long been integral to life in Bangladesh. Integrated rice-fish farming provides a solution to meeting the country's growing demand for food by producing both crops concurrently or sequentially on the same land. This increases total production, provides protein through fish consumption, and maintains soil fertility and ecological balance. Common techniques for rice-fish farming in Bangladesh include concurrent culture during the wet season or alternate culture with fish production after rice harvest when water levels are higher. Several small fish species that can survive in shallow water are well-suited to rice-fish systems.
Molecular markers application in fisheries
1. Molecular markers are powerful tools that can detect genetic variation between individuals, populations, and species. They have revolutionized research on evolution, conservation, natural resource management, and genetic improvement programs.
2. There are two main types of molecular markers - those based on DNA hybridization and those based on PCR amplification. Examples include restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).
3. Molecular markers have a variety of applications in fisheries, including identifying fish species, studying genetic variation and population structure in natural populations, comparing genetic variation between wild and hatchery populations, and marker-assisted selection in aquaculture.
Recent achievement of bangladesh on the right on sea
Bangladesh had longstanding maritime boundary disputes with India and Myanmar over areas in the Bay of Bengal. In recent years, Bangladesh was able to gain significant territory through international arbitration. With Myanmar, Bangladesh gained 111,000 square kilometers awarded by ITLOS, more than the original 107,000 square kilometers claimed. With India, Bangladesh gained 19,467 square kilometers of the disputed 25,602 square kilometers in the Bay of Bengal. These gains give Bangladesh sovereign rights over resources and ability to utilize the marine areas for fishing and potential oil/gas exploration.
Salient biological characteristics of some selected carps
1) The document summarizes the biological characteristics of several species of carp, including their food habits, growth rates, maturity, fecundity, and breeding seasons.
2) Bighead carp and common carp have different food habits, with bighead carp being a filter feeder on zooplankton and common carp being omnivorous along the bottom and middle of water bodies.
3) Carp species like catla and rohu reach maturity within 2 years and have external fertilization and breeding seasons that coincide with monsoon seasons.
Salient biological characteristics of cultured carps
This document provides information on the salient biological characteristics of commonly cultured carps in India. It discusses the major groups of carps cultured in India, including the Indian major carps (Rohu, Catla, Mrigal), Chinese carps (Grass carp, Silver carp, Bighead carp), and European carp (Common carp). For each species, it outlines their physical characteristics, feeding habits, growth patterns, maturity, breeding seasons, fecundity, and other biological details. The document is an informative reference on the key traits and cultivation needs of important carp species.
Immersion & spray freezer
This document discusses two types of freezers used in fish processing - immersion freezers and spray freezers. Immersion freezers freeze fish by submerging them in a liquid refrigerant bath, allowing for efficient heat transfer. Spray freezers spray fish with a refrigerated liquid like liquid nitrogen, rapidly freezing the surface. Both methods freeze fish quickly while preventing freeze burn. Immersion freezing risks refrigerant penetrating the fish, while spray freezing has high operating costs due to liquid nitrogen usage. The document examines the working principles, advantages, and disadvantages of each freezer type.
Ber jal
Ber jal is a large rectangular seine net used widely in Bangladesh and neighboring countries to catch large fish species like rohu, catla, chital, and boal. It requires many people to operate - one end is held on the bank while the other is spread in a semi-circle in the water, then the two ends are closed together. The net is made of synthetic twine and rope, with bamboo sticks along the top and bottom and floats and sinkers attached. Students were able to make a replica ber jal net using mosquito netting, styrofoam floats, rope, and bamboo plates to demonstrate how it works and potentially help with future fish harvesting.
Shrimp hatchery
The document discusses shrimp hatcheries, including their importance in supplying shrimp fry for farms. It describes the ideal conditions for establishing a shrimp hatchery, such as selecting a suitable site with access to clean sea water, electricity, and spawners. The document outlines different types of hatchery designs and sizes, from small backyard hatcheries producing a few million fry annually to large commercial hatcheries producing over 20 million fry. Key factors for hatchery success include site selection, design efficiency, technician experience, and operational management.
General sings & symptom of disease fish
This document discusses common fish diseases, including bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and nutritional diseases. It provides signs and symptoms of each disease, such as reddened fins, rapid breathing, and loss of appetite for bacterial disease. Images also show fish affected by each disease. The conclusion recommends learning disease signs and symptoms so farmers can properly treat diseases, which are harmful for wild and farmed fish and can cause heavy losses.
General sings & symptom of disease fish
The document discusses general signs and symptoms of diseases in fish. It covers bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, nutritional and genetic diseases. For bacterial diseases, common signs include reddened or frayed fins, open sores, and rapid breathing. Viral diseases can cause gastrointestinal issues, sneezing, and weight loss. Fungal infections present as white or gray growths on fins and skin. Parasitic diseases are signaled by inactivity, loss of appetite, and visible parasites. Nutritional deficiencies result in issues like poor growth or eye problems. Genetic diseases exhibit symptoms depending on the specific condition.
Biology of mussels & Camps
Mussels are bivalve molluscs that live in both marine and freshwater environments around the world. They have two shells that are connected by a ligament and use a muscular foot to burrow or position themselves. Freshwater mussels play an important role in ecosystems but many species are threatened by habitat loss. They have a unique lifecycle where larvae attach to fish hosts for several months before detaching and developing on the river or lake bottom. Mussels are filter feeders that draw in water and feed on plankton and detritus. Their reproductive strategy involves releasing large numbers of small eggs into the water to be fertilized, maximizing dispersal.
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
GnRH is a peptide hormone released from the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. In fish, GnRH is expressed early in development as neurons migrate and form populations in the brain. GnRH mRNA and peptide have also been found in fish gonads, suggesting a potential paracrine role, though the exact role is unclear. GnRH receptors have been identified in the gonads of several fish species. GnRH has been shown to stimulate meiosis in fish oocytes and affect behaviors like territoriality in some fish. Further research is still needed to fully understand GnRH function in fish.
Genome
The genome is the total genetic material of an organism, including its genes and DNA sequences. It contains all the information needed to build and maintain an organism. The human genome contains around 3 billion DNA base pairs organized into 46 chromosomes. Studying genomes provides insight into an organism's development, traits, disease susceptibility, and evolutionary history. There are different types of genomes, including prokaryotic, eukaryotic, nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes. The genome sequences reveal everything about an organism's life through the coding and regulation of genes.
Setting up a aquarium
Setting up an aquarium requires careful planning and preparation. Key steps include: 1) selecting an appropriate aquarium size and stand, 2) properly setting up the aquarium by sealing it and allowing it to cure, 3) cleaning and positioning the aquarium, 4) adding an appropriate substrate and decorations like plants and rocks, 5) cycling the water by adding a source of beneficial bacteria, 6) slowly acclimating fish when the aquarium is ready, and 7) maintaining water quality with filtration and aeration. Proper setup is essential for supporting aquatic life.
Preparation of Value Added Fish Product: Fish Ball
This document provides instructions for making fish balls. It details cleaning and scaling two whole mackerels, removing the head and bones, chopping the fish flesh and adding salt. The chopped fish is then pounded into a paste and cornstarch is added. Small balls of the paste are formed and cooked when they float in boiling water. The fish balls can be frozen for later use. The conclusion notes that fish balls make use of fish that may otherwise go unused due to problems with color, flavor, size or fat content.
Fish ball
1. This document provides a traditional recipe for Chinese fish balls made from mackerel or other white fish.
2. The fish is cleaned, filleted, and chopped finely along with salt, white pepper, and cornstarch to form a paste.
3. The paste is repeatedly pounded and kneaded to create a smooth, springy texture before shaping into balls and freezing for later use.
Factors influencing distribution of nutrition elements in sea
- The document discusses factors that influence the distribution of nutrients in the ocean, specifically carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
- Photosynthetic phytoplankton near the surface produce organic matter using nutrients from the water. After dying, this organic matter either decomposes and returns nutrients to the water or sinks deeper.
- Nutrients are depleted at the surface but enriched deeper where organic matter decomposes. Upwelling currents return nutrients to the surface, fueling new growth.
- The ratios of phosphorus, nitrogen and oxygen in seawater closely match what phytoplankton need, though the reasons for this are still debated. Organic processes may help control nutrient ratios available for life.
Angel fish-Pterophyllum scalare
Pterophyllum scalare, commonly known as the angelfish, is native to rivers in South America. It is the most popular freshwater angelfish species kept in aquariums. There are many varieties that have been developed through selective breeding, with differences in coloration and patterning. Angelfish require a minimum 30 gallon aquarium with soft, acidic water and live plants. They are generally peaceful community fish but may become territorial, especially pairs breeding or guarding fry.
Taste enhancer from the long term ripening of miso
Miso is a fermented soybean paste that undergoes changes during the ripening process from 3 days to 20 months. Sensory analysis found that miso ripened for 11 months or more had a typical miso soup taste with continuity and slight mouthfulness. Chemical analysis showed that the color and levels of sugars and proteins in the water-soluble fraction changed over time. Maillard reaction products formed from peptides and sugars during ripening were found to contribute to the characteristic flavor of long-ripened miso by enhancing mouthfulness and continuity.
More from Nazmul Ahmed Oli (20)
Recent achievement of bangladesh on the right on sea
Recent achievement of bangladesh on the right on sea
Salient biological characteristics of some selected carps
Salient biological characteristics of some selected carps
Salient biological characteristics of cultured carps
Salient biological characteristics of cultured carps
Preparation of Value Added Fish Product: Fish Ball
Preparation of Value Added Fish Product: Fish Ball
Factors influencing distribution of nutrition elements in sea
Factors influencing distribution of nutrition elements in sea
Taste enhancer from the long term ripening of miso
Taste enhancer from the long term ripening of miso
Recently uploaded
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdTraditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdaneANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS OF HIP JOINT.pdf
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15BBR 2024 Summer Sessions Interview Training
Qualitative research interview training by Professor Katrina Pritchard and Dr Helen Williams
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective UpskillingExcellence Foundation for South Sudan
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.Hindi varnamala | hindi alphabet PPT.pdf
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience Wahiba Chair Training & Consulting
Wahiba Chair's Talk at the 2024 Learning Ideas Conference. clinical examination of hip joint (1).pdf
described clinical examination all orthopeadic conditions .
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Recently uploaded (20)
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
spot a liar (Haiqa 146).pptx Technical writhing and presentation skills
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
IGCSE Biology Chapter 14- Reproduction in Plants.pdf
IGCSE Biology Chapter 14- Reproduction in Plants.pdf
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
How to Create a More Engaging and Human Online Learning Experience
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Tagging methods for stock assessment and research in fisheries
- 1. Submitted To: Md. Nurunnabi Mondal Assistant professor, Dept. of Fisheries Management Faculty of Fisheries. SubmittedBy: Nazmul Ahmed Oli Reg. no:12-05-2835 Level: IV Term: Autumn’15 Course Title: Fishpopulation Dynamics Course Code: FMG-431
- 2. Introduction: Systematic tagging of fish for scientific purposes has been conducted for more than a century. When it was started, it represented an exciting methodology for obtaining fundamentally new information about fish migration and movements as well as on the dynamics of exploited fish population.
- 3. OBJECTIVES To assess the past, present and future about use of tags To assess reliability of tagging methods with emphasis on their application in fisheries research and stock assessment To facilitate improvements in tagging methodology and application
- 4. Planning of Tagging Programs A careful assessment of the objectives, relating them to a cost/benefit analysis is useful One should check the local tag recovery and refunding system Handling time for each fish needs to be short.
- 5. TAG AND MARK TYPES Advantages • Inexpensive, or simple • Easy and fast to apply • Useable for a large range of fish sizes • Can give a broad geographical and seasonal return distribution • Long tag-retention time Disadvantages • Information may be variable. • Return rates may be variable. • Fouling of the tags may be a problem. • May affect behavior and swimming • Can be difficult to apply or may not be applicable to very small fish External tags
- 6. • Inexpensive and usually rapid to apply • Ideal for identification • Suitable for a range of sizes • May have long duration, depending on the type • Applicable to large numbers of fish Advantages • Limited number of codes or combinations • Recognition errors • Marks may deteriorate with time Disadvantages External marks
- 7. Advantages • Little or no effect on growth, health and survival • suitable for a wide range of sizes and many species of fish • High retention rates. • Individual recognition of fish is possible • Repetitive and non- destructive recoveries are feasible Internal Tags: Disadvantages • Expensive equipment • Expert personnel are needed • Recovery of specimens of fish may be labor-intensive
- 8. Advantages • Minimal immediate effects from handling and marking • Effects on behavior, growth, health and survival of fish are minimal • No extra marking or additional handling is needed. • Distinct growth patterns Internal marks Marks not visible from the outside of the fish. Disadvantages • Recovery usually requires • Expensive • Expert personnel and specialized laboratory facilities • Difficult to apply to natural populations
- 9. Methods Parasitic Marks- Used to identify stocked fish and determining movement or migration patterns. Morphological Marks- Used to differentiate stocked fish and for mark recapture studies. Genetic Marks- Used to identify fish stock. Biological (Natural Methods)
- 10. Chemical (immersion, injecting, tattooing, or feeding) Immersion Injection Feeding Fig: Image of a thermally marked otolith with a pattern of five dark bands (near center). Fig: Coded wire tag in nose of fish.
- 12. Physical Methods Internal • Body Cavity tags • Subcutaneous tags • Coded Wire tags • Micro tags • Passive Integrated Transponder tags (PIT) • Thermal Tags • Radio tags • Sonar tags External • Mutilation • Branding • Visible Implant Elastomer (VIE) • Petersen disc • Paper fastener • Strap tag • Dangler tag • Carlin tag • Spaghetti tag • Dart tags • Anchor tag
- 16. Recommendations National and international courses on tagging procedures are recommended. Simple and cheap ID tags are recommended . Choice of tag or mark type should be made after a cost-benefit analysis. Programs involving electronic tags should be incorporated with fish tagged. Further development of existing tag types.
- 17. Conclusion: Fish marking and tagging is a fundamental tool for fisheries management and research. It allows biologists to gather a wide variety of information.