International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
areation and types of aeration in waste water treatmentAmi jasani
this presentation shows the aeration process among the whole process of waste water treatment. It is related to diploma civil engineering students of GTU.
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
areation and types of aeration in waste water treatmentAmi jasani
this presentation shows the aeration process among the whole process of waste water treatment. It is related to diploma civil engineering students of GTU.
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
A look at indoor bio-filters and the technology leader in living green walls. Fully automated, these hydroponic living structures clean and purify/ detoxify our breathing air with three levels of filtration. The technology leader in living wall technology.
Air Pollution control- at source-equipments for control of air pollution-For particulate matter-Settling chambers-Fabric filters-Scrubbers-Cyclones-Electrostatic precipitators
, For Gaseous pollutants-control by absorption-adsorption-scrubbers-secondary combustion after burners, Working principles advantages and disadvantages
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Effective Techniques to control gaseous & particulate pollutionShristi Soni
This powerpoint has been made in context to briefly describe about the congtrol methods for gaseous and particulate pollution. This Presentation also briefly describes about the control devices seperately for Gaseous pollution as well as Particulate Pollution.
Hence, this PPT can be very effective way of studying and analysing this Topic
WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING - water treatment process & unitsEddy Ankit Gangani
This presentation is made with a view to introduce various units & processes carried out in water treatment plant with various trains or say chains of units to meet Indian Standard criteria.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
MoO3 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Hindering Effect on G...IJERA Editor
Molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction analysis was done to confirm that the obtained product was MoO3. The scanning electron microscopy was done to study the shape, size distribution and surface morphology of nanoparticles; they had a hexagonal shape with smooth surface and uniform size distribution. The functional groups were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of MoO3 nanoparticles on seed germination of vigna unguiculata was studied for 6 days from the day of sowing, by comparing the time taken for seeds to germinate and length of shoot with respect to time of the seeds sowed in heavy black soil whose nutrient composition was known with seeds sowed in the same heavy black soil but which was made rich with MoO3 nanoparticles. It was observed that the MoO3 nanoparticles hampered the germination of vigna unguiculata seeds and this restraint continued in the shoot growth also.
A Survey Ondecision Tree Learning Algorithms for Knowledge DiscoveryIJERA Editor
Theimmense volumes of data are populated into repositories from various applications. In order to find out desired information and knowledge from large datasets, the data mining techniques are very much helpful. Classification is one of the knowledge discovery techniques. In Classification, Decision trees are very popular in research community due to simplicity and easy comprehensibility. This paper presentsan updated review of recent developments in the field of decision trees.
A look at indoor bio-filters and the technology leader in living green walls. Fully automated, these hydroponic living structures clean and purify/ detoxify our breathing air with three levels of filtration. The technology leader in living wall technology.
Air Pollution control- at source-equipments for control of air pollution-For particulate matter-Settling chambers-Fabric filters-Scrubbers-Cyclones-Electrostatic precipitators
, For Gaseous pollutants-control by absorption-adsorption-scrubbers-secondary combustion after burners, Working principles advantages and disadvantages
Lecture Notes of Environmental Engg-II as per solapur university syllabus of TE Civil,
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Effective Techniques to control gaseous & particulate pollutionShristi Soni
This powerpoint has been made in context to briefly describe about the congtrol methods for gaseous and particulate pollution. This Presentation also briefly describes about the control devices seperately for Gaseous pollution as well as Particulate Pollution.
Hence, this PPT can be very effective way of studying and analysing this Topic
WATER & WASTE WATER ENGINEERING - water treatment process & unitsEddy Ankit Gangani
This presentation is made with a view to introduce various units & processes carried out in water treatment plant with various trains or say chains of units to meet Indian Standard criteria.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
MoO3 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Its Hindering Effect on G...IJERA Editor
Molybdenum trioxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction analysis was done to confirm that the obtained product was MoO3. The scanning electron microscopy was done to study the shape, size distribution and surface morphology of nanoparticles; they had a hexagonal shape with smooth surface and uniform size distribution. The functional groups were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of MoO3 nanoparticles on seed germination of vigna unguiculata was studied for 6 days from the day of sowing, by comparing the time taken for seeds to germinate and length of shoot with respect to time of the seeds sowed in heavy black soil whose nutrient composition was known with seeds sowed in the same heavy black soil but which was made rich with MoO3 nanoparticles. It was observed that the MoO3 nanoparticles hampered the germination of vigna unguiculata seeds and this restraint continued in the shoot growth also.
A Survey Ondecision Tree Learning Algorithms for Knowledge DiscoveryIJERA Editor
Theimmense volumes of data are populated into repositories from various applications. In order to find out desired information and knowledge from large datasets, the data mining techniques are very much helpful. Classification is one of the knowledge discovery techniques. In Classification, Decision trees are very popular in research community due to simplicity and easy comprehensibility. This paper presentsan updated review of recent developments in the field of decision trees.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Neural Network Based Parking via Google Map GuidanceIJERA Editor
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) focus to generate and spread creative services related to different transport modes for traffic management and hence enables the passenger informed about the traffic and to use the transport networks in a better way. Intelligent Trip Modeling System (ITMS) uses machine learning to forecast the traveling speed profile for a selected route based on the traffic information available at the trip starting time. The intelligent Parking Information Guidance System provides an eminent Neural Network based intelligence system which provides automatic allocate ion of parking's through the Global Information system across the path of the users travel. In this project using efficient lookup table searches and a Lagrange-multiplier bisection search, Computational Optimized Allocation Algorithm converges faster to the optimal solution than existing techniques. The purpose of this project is to simulate and implement a real parking environment that allocates vacant parking slots using Allocation algorithm.
Collapse Behaviour and Energy Absorption of Aluminium Tubes Filled with Wood ...IJERA Editor
Experiments on filled and empty circular thin walled Aluminium AA6063 tubes with varying L/D ratios have
been performed to study load compression and energy absorbed for quasi static axial and oblique loading.
Dependence of deformation characteristics and energy absorption responses have been studied. Energy
absorption was measured from load-displacement graph obtained from UTM using MATLAB. Tubes were
clamped at the lower end and axial and oblique loads were applied by applying a force at upper end with
different angles to the centreline of column. Peak loads and absorbed energies have been compared for filled
and empty tubes for same L/D ratio. Experimental results are used to determine energy absorption capacity due
to plastic deformation of thin walled tube. The goal of the research was to study the interaction between the
forming and crash response of Al AA6063 in order to evaluate its potential for use in vehicle design for
crashworthiness.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Development of metallic rack packages for the metallurgical industry: Case StudyIJERA Editor
The companies that need partnership for pieces or components supply to compose their product, have concern
with the quality of their packings. Nowadays, the packings have a fundamental part in the life and process of the
product. The objective of this project was the development of industrial packings, like metallic racks, for
machine components so that they propitiate improvements in transportation and storage. The metallic racks must
assure the integrity of the components to be transported, ensuring their quality; especially they offer a system of
easy fixation and handling of the components to ease the loading and unloading in the packings. The
methodology consists in the following steps: recognition of the problem, detailing of the pieces and technical
drawing; creation and technical drawing of the rack; layout and presentation; approval and final testing.
Reduction trigged by the developed project was more than 50% of investments in packings, totaling almost
US$2,000.00 per year and 10 thousand in 5 years.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Data Mining Based Skin Pixel Detection Applied On Human Images: A Study PaperIJERA Editor
Skin segmentation is the process of the identifying the skin pixels in a image in a particular color model and dividing the images into skin and non-skin pixels. It is the process of find the particular skin of the image or video in a color model. Finding the regions of the images in human images to say these pixel regions are part of the image or videos is typically a preprocessing step in skin detection in computer vision, face detection or multi-view face detection. Skin pixel detection model converts the images into appropriate format in a color space and then classification process is being used for labeling of the skin and non-skin pixels. A skin classifier identifies the boundary of the skin image in a skin color model based on the training dataset. Here in this paper, we present the survey of the skin pixel segmentation using the learning algorithms.
Preliminary Research on Data Abnormality Diagnosis Methods of Spacecraft Prec...IJERA Editor
For precision measuring the satellite equipments, providing technical support for satellite assembly, combined
with satellite small size, complex structure, satellite equipment shapes vary, and other characteristics, presently,
indirect method that using electronic theodolite to measure cube mirror are commonly used to obtain the relative
attitude of the respective devices. But in the actual measurement process, there are measurement errors in the
measurement data. How to detect anomalies in the data is the focus of this study. This paper proposes two
methods to detect abnormal data, that is mathematical geometric method and outlier detection methods. This
paper analyzes their theoretical basis and verifies the feasibility of the two methods through part of the actual
measurement data to.
In silico approach for viral mutations and sustainability of immunizationsIJERA Editor
In this paper we use virtual samples of individuals and a dynamical modeling proposed in a previous study to
study the behavior of immune memory against antigenic mutation. Our results suggest that the sustainability of
the immunizations is not a stochastic process, what contradicts the current opinion. We show that what may
cause an apparent random behavior of the immune memory is the viral variability. This result can be important
to investigate the durability of vaccines and immunizations.
Investigation for Strength of Layering of Pelletized Balls Used As Feed for G...IJERA Editor
To bring the mandatory changes in feed preparation of conventional methods of gas solid reactions the method
of pelletization is introduced. This paper provides the best case of balls which are sustainable to pressure
maintained for gas solid reaction so that desired size and production rate of balls can be achieved. Pelletization
is agglomeration technique which is beneficial with fine powder to improve feed preparation present in the gas
solid reaction. This technique is useful to increase production rate and to reduce the difficulties which occur in
production by mechanical means with heavy mechanical operating devices. Currently many of the chemical
industries are using briquettes for gas solid reaction which consume extra power, cost and time. Hence this can
be substituted by using pelletization and material science technique. Pellets should be improvised alternated feed
preparation for gas solid reaction as manufacturing of pellet consumes less time and power. It has better surface
area and porosity when compared to the briquettes. Few sets of experiments have been done to overcome factors
affecting in pellet making and positive result are observed.
Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping ...IJERA Editor
In this paper we present a backtracking algorithm that improves the energy production of a single-axis solar
tracker by reducing the shadow caused by neighboring panels. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can operate in
any field slope avoiding the necessity of correcting the field slope where the solar tracker is placed. This is an
important feature once it will reduced the time and the manpower during the solar tracker setup. The results
have shown that the algorithm presents a similar performance comparing to similar algorithms that were
designed only for horizontal fields.
Investigation And Optimization Of EDM Process Of AISI 4140 Alloy Steel Using ...IJERA Editor
The purpose of this research work is to determine the optimized settings of key machining factors like pulse on
time, discharge current and duty cycle for AISI 4140 alloy steel using various tool electrodes. The output
responses will be measured are material removal rate (MRR),surface roughness(SR) and tool wear rate(TWR).
Mathematical models are proposed for the above are L27 orthogonal array. The micro structural changes in the
work piece after machining process will also be examined by the use of SEM.
Overview of Low Speed Surface Aerator Chaipattana towards Performance Enhance...Jack Wong
Water aeration is often required in water bodies that suffer from anoxic conditions, usually caused by adjacent human activities such as sewage discharges, agricultural run-off, or over baiting a fishing lake. Aeration can be achieved through the infusion of air into the bottom of the lake, lagoon or pond or by surface agitation from a fountain or spray like device to allow for oxygen exchange at the surface and the release of noxious gasses such as carbon dioxide, methane or hydrogen sulfide.
The researchers review types of water aerator in The Kingdom of Thailand and also in the world. Water Wheel Low Speed Floating Mechanical Surface Aerator Chaipattana, Model RX-2, was the most popular in Kingdom of Thailand. Next, the paper describes the idea towards the development and performance enhancement of a Stand Alone Solar Water Wheel Low Speed Surface Aerator Chaipattana RX-2-3 without battery, reduced power consumption and increased oxygen dissolved in water.
Not only fish but also all animals, must obtain oxygen from the environment for respiration. Oxygen is far less available to aquatic organisms than it is to air-breathers, and the dissolved oxygen content of water may limit the activities of fish. In most natural waters, the supply of oxygen to water (diffusion from the atmosphere and production from underwater photosynthesis) exceeds the amount used in oxygen-consuming processes, and fish seldom have problems obtaining enough oxygen to meet normal metabolic demands.
In aquaculture ponds, however, the biomass of plants, animals and microbes is much greater than in natural waters, so oxygen is sometimes consumed faster than it is replenished. Depending on how low the dissolved oxygen concentration is and how long it remains low, fish may consume less feed, grow more slowly, convert feed less efficiently, be more susceptible to infectious diseases, or suffocate and die. Aqua culturists avoid these problems by aerating ponds mechanically to supplement normal oxygen supplies.
Spray Angle Expansion Method of a Twin-Fluid Atomizer for the Application to ...IJRES Journal
This paper presents the results of an experimental study for a new type twin-fluid atomizer, which is based on a multi fluids mixer patented by Sadatomi & Kawahara (2012). This atomizer has a simple structure and can suck water by itself without a pump by introducing pressurized air alone into an internal mixing chamber with less energy consumption. The present study focuses on the improved design of the atomizer for spray angle expansion and its application to CO2 absorption. Experiments relating to two angle expansion methods (Coanda effect and propellers) were conducted, also six sizes of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) propellers were tested. We found that, the atomizer with a PET propeller of 4 blades and 25 mm in diameter showed the best spray angle expansion effect and presented a good spray quality, especially reduced the Sauter mean diameter (d32) significantly. Finally, the mist sprayed by the optimized atomizer was applied to CO2 absorption, and experimental results showed that the mist sprayed by the optimized atomizer can significantly decrease the CO2 concentration in a closed room.
As member of the Product Group "Air Filters" within the Eurovent Association, I am proud to announce that the first edition of the guidebook "Air Filters for General Ventilation" has been released.
Among all the main arguments related to air filtration, I would like to highlight the following:
1. New EN ISO 16890: an overview on filter classification according to the brand new standard
2. Maintenance: a critical and important topic for all the applications of air filters
3. Energy efficiency: because energy saving is not only money, but mainly an ethical choice
Plasma-chemical treatment of industrial wastewaters from brewery “Brasseries ...IJERA Editor
This work focuses on the study of the chemical reactivity of an advanced oxidation process (AOP), called the
plasma technique, in order to prevent industrial effluent from pollution and better cope to several damage of
environment. The oxidizing and acidifying properties of an electric discharge of the gliding arc plasma and its
application to a target which is a real effluent (wastewater from Brasseries du Cameroun -Bafoussam plant)
fascinated this study. Samples were collected from the central collecting point (CCP) of the effluent. The
collected effluent samples were analyzed by volumetric and instrumental methods, and then exposed to the
gliding discharge during specific time periods of 3-60 min to exhibit the desired decontamination effects. At the
end of 60 min of exposure time to the discharge, 52.22% and 50.19% obtained respectively to abatement of
turbidity and rate of fall in absorbance. This reduction can be explained by the fact that the coloured compounds
were degraded and this degradation gave rise to the transparent appearance observed. After stopping the
discharge process, the abatement percentage of BOD5, COD and TOC, were obtained at the same time (60min)
with values of 52.05%, 68.63% and 69.37% respectively. These results reflect the considerable reduction of the
pollution load of the wastewaters collected from CCP of the brewery. These results showed that the
effectiveness of the gliding arc plasma depends not only on the physico-chemical parameters of the target, but
also on the exposure time and concluded that the non-thermal plasma process alone provides good reduction of
organic pollutants in wastewater. Moreover, the phenomenon of post- discharge, even though not studied in
details demonstrated that, after switching the discharge, the evolution of parameters such as pH, electrical
conductivity and TDS increase.
Plasma-chemical treatment of industrial wastewaters from brewery “Brasseries ...IJERA Editor
This work focuses on the study of the chemical reactivity of an advanced oxidation process (AOP), called the
plasma technique, in order to prevent industrial effluent from pollution and better cope to several damage of
environment. The oxidizing and acidifying properties of an electric discharge of the gliding arc plasma and its
application to a target which is a real effluent (wastewater from Brasseries du Cameroun -Bafoussam plant)
fascinated this study. Samples were collected from the central collecting point (CCP) of the effluent. The
collected effluent samples were analyzed by volumetric and instrumental methods, and then exposed to the
gliding discharge during specific time periods of 3-60 min to exhibit the desired decontamination effects. At the
end of 60 min of exposure time to the discharge, 52.22% and 50.19% obtained respectively to abatement of
turbidity and rate of fall in absorbance. This reduction can be explained by the fact that the coloured compounds
were degraded and this degradation gave rise to the transparent appearance observed. After stopping the
discharge process, the abatement percentage of BOD5, COD and TOC, were obtained at the same time (60min)
with values of 52.05%, 68.63% and 69.37% respectively. These results reflect the considerable reduction of the
pollution load of the wastewaters collected from CCP of the brewery. These results showed that the
effectiveness of the gliding arc plasma depends not only on the physico-chemical parameters of the target, but
also on the exposure time and concluded that the non-thermal plasma process alone provides good reduction of
organic pollutants in wastewater. Moreover, the phenomenon of post- discharge, even though not studied in
details demonstrated that, after switching the discharge, the evolution of parameters such as pH, electrical
conductivity and TDS increase.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
View other drafts
Aerated lagoons are a type of wastewater treatment system that uses artificial aeration to promote the biological oxidation of wastewaters. They are relatively simple and inexpensive to construct and operate, and they can be effective in removing a wide range of pollutants from wastewater, including organic matter, nutrients, and pathogens.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
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T044130133
1. Malavika Chandran et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 4( Version 1), April 2014, pp.130-133
www.ijera.com 130 | P a g e
Effect of Aeration on Seafood Processing Wastewater
Neena Sunny*, Jinu John**, Malavika Chandran**, Rinu Joseph**, Samal
Sasindran**,
* (Department of Civil Engineering, MG University, Kottayam)
** (Department of Civil Engineering, MG University, Kottayam)
** (Department of Civil Engineering, MG University, Kottayam)
** (Department of Civil Engineering, MG University, Kottayam)
** (Department of Civil Engineering, MG University, Kottayam)
ABSTRACT
The main environmental problems of fish industries are high water consumption and high organic matter, oil
and grease, ammonia, nitrogen and salt contents in the waste water. Aeration helps in the oxidation of these
minerals. This paper consequently focuses on how the various constituents of waste water vary with aeration.
Diffused fine bubble aeration was done in a circular tank at various flow rates (3 l/minute,6.2
l/minute.6.4l/minute) at a constant time period of 20 hours using air stones and the percentage reduction in
ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen , BOD,COD and salts were found out . It was found that as flow rate of
aeration increase the percentage removal of above constituents also increased. Optimum removal was possible at
a flow rate of 6.4l/min. BOD, COD, Ammoniacal nitrogen, Kjeldahl nitrogen, were found to be removed by
91.2%, 82.79%,57.76%, 90.6% respectively . Aeration had no effect on salts and lipids .
Keywords: aspirators, CAD, EPDM, Kjeldahl nitrogen, reactors
I. Introduction
Fish industries play an important role in the
social as well as economical development of our
nation. The main environmental problems of fish
industries are high water consumption and high
organic matter, oil and grease, ammonia ,nitrogen
and salt contents un their waste water
Aeration is the intimate exposure of water
and air. It is a way of thoroughly mixing the air and
water so that various reactions can occur between the
components of the air and the components of the
water.
As per the work of Ancheng Luo et al
(2002), aeration can be an effective method in
treating animal manure for removal of nutrients and
odor problems without causing environmental
problems. A laboratory experiment was conducted on
pig manure to study the effect of continuous and
intermittent aeration at an airflow rate of 1l/minute.
It was found that total Kjeldahl nitrogen was
removed by 24% and organic carbon was removed by
26.55% under continuous aeration process, although
the efficiency is not as high as aeration under high
aeration rate adopted by past researchers. Intermittent
aeration at two hour interval shows a lower efficiency
of carbon & TKN removal than continuous aeration.
Ammonia nitrogen was removed by 32.3% . This
reduction is attributed to the ammonia volatization
and microbial assimilation indicated by gain in
nitrogen.
As per a study conducted by Elif Sekman et
al (2002) on effect of aeration rate on leachate
characteristics of landfill. The effect of aeration rate
was investigated by means of leachate quality
(chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen
demand, total Kjeldahl and ammonia nitrogen) at
four different aeration rates of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0
L/min . After 75 days of operation, COD reduction
was greater than 80% in all of the aerobic reactors
reaching more than 85% at the end of the experiment.
BOD5 removal efficiencies of reactors were
determined to be greater than 95%.
As per the work of TS Jamieson et al (2003),
the introduction of aeration to a pilot scale
constructed wetland model improved the mean NH3-
N removal efficiency from 50.5 to 93.3%.
This paper consequently focuses on how the various
constituents of waste water vary with aeration.
Aeration was done in various flow rates at a time
period of 20 hours and the percentage reduction in
ammonia, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, BOD, COD and
salts were found out.
II. Aeration
Aeration removes or modifies the
constituents of water using two methods - scrubbing
action and oxidation. Scrubbing action is caused
by turbulence which results when the water and air
mix together. The scrubbing action physically
removes gases from solution in the water, allowing
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
2. Malavika Chandran et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 4( Version 1), April 2014, pp.130-133
www.ijera.com 131 | P a g e
them to escape into the surrounding air. Carbon
dioxide and hydrogen sulphide are shown being
removed by scrubbing action. Scrubbing action will
remove tastes and odours from water if the problem
is caused by relatively volatile gases & organic
compounds. Oxidation is the other process through
which aeration purifies water. Oxidation is the
addition of oxygen, the removal of hydrogen, or the
removal of electrons from an element or compound.
When air. is mixed with water, some impurities in the
water, such as iron and manganese, become oxidized.
III. Types of aerator
The goal of an aerator is to increase the
surface area of water coming in contact with air so
that more air can react with the water. As air or water
is broken up into smaller drops/bubbles or into thin
sheets, the same volume of either substance has a
larger surface area. Two most common methods of
aeration system used in wastewater treatment plants
involve the use of either Submerged diffusers
(bottom diffused aeration) by introducing oxygen
or air into the wastewater or another approach is by
mechanical agitation (surface aeration) which
agitates the waste water by various means (eg.,
propellers, blades, or brushes) to introduce air from
the atmosphere .There are several criteria to consider
when selecting the right aeration technolgy. Energy
efficiency is one of the most important, followed by
the system’s mixing abilities, with significant
differences between mechanical aerators compared to
diffuser aerators. Generally said, surface-aerated
basins do not achieve the same performance level as
bottom aeration. In bottom diffused aeration oxygen
transfer is through submerged diffusers or other
aerator devices. Oxygen transfer is controlled by
varying the alr supply rate. Diffusers are connected to
a piping system which is supplied with pressurized
air by a blower. Diffusers break up the air by the
displacement of air by the dispersement of bubbles
throughout the aeration tank. For good performance,
the rate of supply of dissolved oxygen should be
equal to the rate of oxygen consumption exerted by
the liquid under any given set of circumstance. While
a number of equipment and operational parameters
interact to influence the efficiency and rate of oxygen
transfer for a given volume of water being aerated,
aeration devices are evaluated on the basis of the
quantity of oxygen transferred per unit of air
introduced to the water for equivalent conditions.
Automated software is available on the web to assist
with drafting of aeration systems in CAD, as well as
calculation softwares help to determine diffuser
requirements for a given waste water.
3.1Coarse bubble (non porous) diffusers
The most common types of non porous
diffusers are fixed orifices (perforated piping,
sprayers, and slotted tubes); valve orifices; and static
tubes. The bubble size of these diffusers is larger than
the porous diffusers thus lowering the oxygen
transfer efficiency. Coarse bubble diffusers with a
check valve design can be the best choice when the
goal is an aeration system that is simple to design and
easy to fabricate and install in a vertical format.
Coarse bubble diffusers with their rubber diaphragm
cap and check valve system has been used for
decades in waste water treatment plants and
municipal facilities. Since the diffusers are plastic
with molded EPDM rubber check valve diaphragms
they are inexpensive and readily available. The
simplicity of diffuser check valve design minimizes
the back flow of wastewater and debris carried with it
into the piping, which can cause potential long term
operational problems. Also since they are vertical
format diffusers, they lend themselves well to
installations using inexpensive Sch. 80 PVC pipe for
aeration headers.
3.2 Fine bubble diffusers
Fine pore diffusion is a subsurface form of
aeration in which air is introduced in the form of very
small bubbles. They are mounted or screwed into the
diffuser geared pipe (air manifold) that may run
along the length or width of the tank or on a short
manifold mounted on a movable pipe (lift
pipe).These diffusers come in various sizes and
shapes such as discs, tubes, domes and plates .Fine
pore diffusers (discs, tubes, domes and plates) are
usually made from ceramics, plastics, or flexible
perforated membranes. Although many materials can
be used to make fine pore diffusers, only these few
are being used due to cost consideration, specific
characteristics, market size and other factors. These
materials are resistant to the chemicals used in waste
water treatment.
3.3 Other diffusion devices:
These include jet aerators which discharge a
mixture of air and liquid through a nozzle near the
tank bottom, aspirators mounted at the basin surface
to supply a mixture of air and water and U tubes
where compressed air is discharged into the down
leg of a deep-vertical-shaft.
IV. Method of aeration adopted
4.1Fine bubble diffusion
Fine bubble diffusers have more oxygen
transfer efficiency than coarse bubble diffusers.
Coarse bubble diffuser are more economical and
requires less maintenance, but have a lower oxygen
3. Malavika Chandran et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 4( Version 1), April 2014, pp.130-133
www.ijera.com 132 | P a g e
transfer efficiency. Air stones were used as diffusers.
They were preferred because,
Dust and dirt particles up to 30micron can pass
through it
No air filters are needed.
Produce uniform fine bubble.
4.2 Aeration tank
Circuar tank was used for aeration. It was
found that the circular tanks are the most energy
efficient. As per Achanta Ramakrishna Rao et al
circular tanks produce maximum energy efficiency
for a given input energy, followed by square tanks,
rectangular tanks of L/W equal to 1.5 and rectangular
tank of L/W equal to 2. This suggests that the circular
tanks perform the most better as far as power
requirements are concerned and hence provide better
economy. Although the square tanks were the best for
quick aeration, they consumed more energy than the
circular tanks.
V. Results & discussions
It was found that as flow rate of aeration
increase the percentage removal of BOD, COD ,
Ammoniacal nitrogen, Kjeldahl nitrogen also
increased. Optimum removal was possible at a flow
rate of 6.4l/min. BOD, COD, Ammoniacal nitrogen,
Kjeldahl nitrogen, were found to be removed by
91.2%, 82.79%, 57.76%, 90.6% respectively .
Aeration had no effect on salts and lipids.
TABLE 1
Percentage decrease of various constituents at different flow rates
Effluent 3(l/min) 6.2(l/min) 6.4(l/min)
NH
3
-N 27.96% 55.93% 57.76%
Kjeldhal nitrogen 55.75% 89.04% 90.61%
Lipids - - -
Salts - - -
BOD 78.20% 89.70% 91.2%
COD 43.90% 81.76% 82.79%
4. Malavika Chandran et al Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 4, Issue 4( Version 1), April 2014, pp.130-133
www.ijera.com 133 | P a g e
CHART 1
Flowrate vs % decrease in effluent parameters
VI. CONCLUSION
It was found that as flow rate of aeration
increase the percentage removal of BOD, COD,
Ammoniacal nitrogen, Kjeldahl nitrogen also
increased. Optimum removal was possible at a flow
rate of 6.4l/min. BOD, COD, Ammoniacal nitrogen,
Kjeldahl nitrogen, were found to be removed by
91.2%, 82.79%, 57.76%, 90.6% respectively.
Aeration had no effect on salts and lipids .It can be
expected that for a higher air flow rate above 6.4
l/min, more removal of these parameters can be
obtained.
References
[1] Achanta Ramakrishna Rao, Bimlesh
Kumar and Ajay Kumar Patel , Relative
performance of different shaped surface
aeration tanks, 34-40, 2007
[2] Hourard S Peavy, Donald R Roul, George
tchobanoglous,’ Environmental
Engineering’.
[3] S K Garg, ‘Environmental engineering’,
volume 1 & 2, 1999, Khanna Publications,
New Delhi.
[4] DA C Turoet, F M Laur,’Water supply
Engineering’.
[5] Dr.B.C.Punmia,’Water supply
Engineering’ volume 2, 1999, Arihant
Publications, 4 th
edition.
[6] Metcalf & Eddy, Waste water Engineering,
McGraw Hill International Editions.
[7] ‘Standard Methods for the Examination of
water and waste water’, American Public
Health Association.
[8] IS: 10500-1991,’Indian Standard code for
drinking water’,Bureau of Indian standards,
New Delhi.
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
100.00%
BOD TKN COD NH3-N
78.20%
55.75%
43.90%
27.96%
89.70% 89.04%
81.76%
55.93%
91.20% 90.61%
82.79%
57.76%
%removalofeffluentparameters
Effluent parameters in mg/l
% removal of different effluent parameters at
different flow rates
3 l/min
6.2 l/min
6.4 l/min