scope of artificial intelligence in agricultureSUMESHM13
Scope of artificial intelligence in agriculture - plant disease detection, imaging techniques, applications of drones and robots in agriculture, advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence in agriculture
A look at future directions for biology. Personalized genomics is a key step in moving towards individualized medicine and preventative interventions. The traditional trial and error approach of molecular biology is being replaced by the direct design of synthetic biology. Synthetically developed energy solutions could have a substantial impact on natural resource demand.
Bioinformatics and its Applications in Agriculture/Sericulture and in other F...mohd younus wani
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, 2001) defines bioinformatics as the field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. Fredj Tekaia defines Bioinformatics the mathematical, statistical and computing methods that aim to solve biological problems using DNA and amino acid sequences and related information. Bioinformatics has emerged as an essential field of science that is facilitating biological discoveries since more than a decade. Without the usage of bioinformatics tools it is merely impossible to capture, manage process, analyse and interpret the huge amounts data that is available especially after whole genome sequencing projects. The sequencing of the genomes of plants and animals will have enormous benefits for the agricultural community. Bioinformatics tools can be used to search for the genes within these genomes and to elucidate their functions. This specific genetic knowledge could then be used to produce stronger, drought, disease and insect resistant crops and improve the quality. In agriculture it helps in the insect resistance, improve nutritional quality, rational plant improvement, waste cleanup, climate change studies, and development of drought resistance varieties (Dahiya and Lata, 2017) and in addition to this it also plays an important roles in biotechnology, antibiotic resistance, and forensic analysis of microbes, comparative studies, evolutionary studies and veterinary Sciences.
Seri bioinformatics tools and techniques not only facilitated detection of proteomic and genomic diversity among the species/strains, but also resulted in finding a gap in the silkworm genome sequence of a strain that diverged during the course of domestication. Seri-bioinformatics databases are a valuable seri-bioresource. The available online resources on silkworm and its related organisms, including databases as well as informative websites help to make silkworms healthier, more disease resistant and more productive. These databases provides information on gene, protein sequences and diseases and play crucial roles in conservation of the silkworm species and mulberry plants (Singh et al., 216). Bioinformatics approaches give an insight, uncovering the lineage with gene and protein count of B. mori and Drosophila encompass ~18,000 and ~16,000 (Genes) and ~9,000 and ~22,000 (Proteins) respectively (Somshekar and Borgowda, 2013).
scope of artificial intelligence in agricultureSUMESHM13
Scope of artificial intelligence in agriculture - plant disease detection, imaging techniques, applications of drones and robots in agriculture, advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence in agriculture
A look at future directions for biology. Personalized genomics is a key step in moving towards individualized medicine and preventative interventions. The traditional trial and error approach of molecular biology is being replaced by the direct design of synthetic biology. Synthetically developed energy solutions could have a substantial impact on natural resource demand.
Bioinformatics and its Applications in Agriculture/Sericulture and in other F...mohd younus wani
The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI, 2001) defines bioinformatics as the field of science in which biology, computer science, and information technology merge into a single discipline. Fredj Tekaia defines Bioinformatics the mathematical, statistical and computing methods that aim to solve biological problems using DNA and amino acid sequences and related information. Bioinformatics has emerged as an essential field of science that is facilitating biological discoveries since more than a decade. Without the usage of bioinformatics tools it is merely impossible to capture, manage process, analyse and interpret the huge amounts data that is available especially after whole genome sequencing projects. The sequencing of the genomes of plants and animals will have enormous benefits for the agricultural community. Bioinformatics tools can be used to search for the genes within these genomes and to elucidate their functions. This specific genetic knowledge could then be used to produce stronger, drought, disease and insect resistant crops and improve the quality. In agriculture it helps in the insect resistance, improve nutritional quality, rational plant improvement, waste cleanup, climate change studies, and development of drought resistance varieties (Dahiya and Lata, 2017) and in addition to this it also plays an important roles in biotechnology, antibiotic resistance, and forensic analysis of microbes, comparative studies, evolutionary studies and veterinary Sciences.
Seri bioinformatics tools and techniques not only facilitated detection of proteomic and genomic diversity among the species/strains, but also resulted in finding a gap in the silkworm genome sequence of a strain that diverged during the course of domestication. Seri-bioinformatics databases are a valuable seri-bioresource. The available online resources on silkworm and its related organisms, including databases as well as informative websites help to make silkworms healthier, more disease resistant and more productive. These databases provides information on gene, protein sequences and diseases and play crucial roles in conservation of the silkworm species and mulberry plants (Singh et al., 216). Bioinformatics approaches give an insight, uncovering the lineage with gene and protein count of B. mori and Drosophila encompass ~18,000 and ~16,000 (Genes) and ~9,000 and ~22,000 (Proteins) respectively (Somshekar and Borgowda, 2013).
this presentation is about bioinformatics. the contents of bioinformatics are as under:
1.Introduction to bioinformatics.
2.Why bioinformatics is necessary?
3.Goals of bioinformatics
4.Field of bioinformatics
5.Where bioinformatics help?
6.Applications of bioinformatics
7.Software and tools of bioinformatics
8.References
Bioinformatics plays a significant role in the development of the agricultural sector, crop improvement,
agro-based industries, agricultural by-products utilization and better management of the
environment. With the increase of sequencing projects, bioinformatics continues to make
considerable progress in biology by providing scientists with access to the genomic information.
It is believed that we will take on another giant leap in bioinformatics field in next decade, where
computational models of systems wide properties could serve as the basis for experimentation
and discovery. Agricultural bioinform -atics areas that need focus would be are data curation and
need for the use of restricted vocabularies. Being an interface between modern biology and
informatics it involves discovery, development and implementation of computational algorithms
and software tools that facilitate an understanding of the biological processes with the goal to
serve primarily agriculture and healthcare sectors with several spinoffs.
synthetic biology says life itself is the canvas. What might we create? we mapping our world, we are mapping every organism, we are mapping organisms that no longer exist, we are connecting all of the information but there is a problem we can’t act on much of this information yet. That is where synthetic biology comes in. so, ideas from engineering have become imposed on biology. We have come from the very basic science trying to discover genes into getting those in a microbe in developing a process, so, what if we could reprogram yeast to make medicines for us. They can be gene therapy they can be anti-cancer, antimalarials, likewise. Humans have always been good at making things. houses, furniture, gadgets of toys. But if there is one thing we have not fully explored it is to build our organisms that is what synthetic biology is all about.
Synthetic biology is the designing of new biological systems or the modification of the existing ones that do not occur naturally. Synthetic or artificial cells organisms with minimal genomes have uses in molecular medicine, vaccines, environmental chemistry and bio-sensors. Creation of synthetic cells involve in-vitro synthesis of unitary DNA fragments of one-kilo base pairs (1kb). These unitary fragments are ligated to make ten kilo base pair (10kb) fragments, followed by tethering 10 fragments to form one hundred kilo base pair (100kb) fragments. Each step involves transformation and sequencing procedures in E. coli host cells. Ultimately, eleven of these hundred kilo base pair fragments are joined to create a “Synthetic Genome” which is maintained in yeast cells, as maximum limit of DNA transplant acceptance of E. coli is 100kb. By this approach, synthetic chromosomes can be maintained, manipulated and transplanted to an acceptor organism to create a synthetic cell. Applications of the technology include semi-synthetic approach of Artemisinic acid, which can be used to chemically synthesize anti-malarial drug Atremisinin and its therapeutically important derivatives. Second application of synthetic biology is production of meningitis vaccine against poorly immunogenic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup-B, by preparing synthetic vesicles. Third application includes disease mechanism identification of a rare-primary immunodeficiency disease “Agamaglobinemia” using reconstruction of mutant B-cell receptor components in synthetic membranes to validate a point mutation. Fourth application include environmental fixation of carbon di-oxide to produce methane by using minimal genome containing synthetic cells of Metahnococcous sp. Fifth application is production of novel biosensors which can be toggled ON and OFF using “Visible Light” as modulator. These “Gene switches” are also able to operate in mammalian cells. With potential applications and wide research domains, synthetic biology is also under ethical and religious criticism. Future of this new dimension of biological science requires scrutiny from regulatory authorities, and monetary input from funding agencies.
SYNTHETIC CELLS
An artificial cell or minimal cell or synthetic cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell.
Artificial cells are biological or polymeric membranes which enclose biologically active materials.
A "living" artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to mutate.
DEFINITION
EXAMPLE
SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
Synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature.
Due to more powerful genetic engineering capabilities and decreased DNA synthesis and sequencing costs, the field of synthetic biology is rapidly growing
HISTORY
BOTTOM-UP APPROACH FOR CONSTRUCTING SYNTHETIC CELLS
A bottom-up approach is commonly used to design and construct genetic circuits by piecing together functional modules that are capable of reprogramming cells with novel behavior.
CELL ENCAPSULATION METHOD
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins.
TECHNIQUES USED FOR THE PREPARATION OF EMULSION
1- high pressure homogenization
2- microfluidization
3- drop method
4- emulsion method
MEMBRANES OF SYNTHETIC CELLS
THE MINIMAL CELL
A minimal cell is one whose genome only encodes the minimal set of genes necessary for the cell to survive.
THE SYNTHETIC BLOOD CELLS
Synthetic red blood cells mimic natural ones, and have new abilities
APPLICATIONS OF SYNTHETIC CELLS
1- DRUG RELEASE AND DELIEVERY
2- GENE THERAPY
3- ENZYME THERAPY
4- HEMOPERFUSION
5- OTHER APPLICATIONS
FUTURE OF SYNTHETIC CELLS AND BIOLOGY
ACHIEVEMENTS
HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES
ETHICS AND CONTROVERSIES
REFERENCES
THANK YOU
Synthetic Biology: Bringing Engineering Back Into Genetic EngineeringSachin Rawat
Genetic Engineering lacks a few elements of Engineering. Here is what those are and how Synthetic Biology (or Genetic Engineering v2.0) would account for those.
Bioinformatics is the branch of life science that deals with the use of mathematical, statistical and computer methods to analyze biological and biochemical data.
Types of Bioinformatics (see the slides)
Introduction
Definition
History
Principle
Components of bioinformatics
Bioinformatics databases
Tools of bioinformatics
Applications of bioinformatics
Molecular medicine
Microbial genomics
Plant genomics
Animal genomics
Human genomics
Drug and vaccine designing
Proteomics
For studying biomolecular structures
In- silico testing
Conclusion
References
this presentation is about bioinformatics. the contents of bioinformatics are as under:
1.Introduction to bioinformatics.
2.Why bioinformatics is necessary?
3.Goals of bioinformatics
4.Field of bioinformatics
5.Where bioinformatics help?
6.Applications of bioinformatics
7.Software and tools of bioinformatics
8.References
Bioinformatics plays a significant role in the development of the agricultural sector, crop improvement,
agro-based industries, agricultural by-products utilization and better management of the
environment. With the increase of sequencing projects, bioinformatics continues to make
considerable progress in biology by providing scientists with access to the genomic information.
It is believed that we will take on another giant leap in bioinformatics field in next decade, where
computational models of systems wide properties could serve as the basis for experimentation
and discovery. Agricultural bioinform -atics areas that need focus would be are data curation and
need for the use of restricted vocabularies. Being an interface between modern biology and
informatics it involves discovery, development and implementation of computational algorithms
and software tools that facilitate an understanding of the biological processes with the goal to
serve primarily agriculture and healthcare sectors with several spinoffs.
synthetic biology says life itself is the canvas. What might we create? we mapping our world, we are mapping every organism, we are mapping organisms that no longer exist, we are connecting all of the information but there is a problem we can’t act on much of this information yet. That is where synthetic biology comes in. so, ideas from engineering have become imposed on biology. We have come from the very basic science trying to discover genes into getting those in a microbe in developing a process, so, what if we could reprogram yeast to make medicines for us. They can be gene therapy they can be anti-cancer, antimalarials, likewise. Humans have always been good at making things. houses, furniture, gadgets of toys. But if there is one thing we have not fully explored it is to build our organisms that is what synthetic biology is all about.
Synthetic biology is the designing of new biological systems or the modification of the existing ones that do not occur naturally. Synthetic or artificial cells organisms with minimal genomes have uses in molecular medicine, vaccines, environmental chemistry and bio-sensors. Creation of synthetic cells involve in-vitro synthesis of unitary DNA fragments of one-kilo base pairs (1kb). These unitary fragments are ligated to make ten kilo base pair (10kb) fragments, followed by tethering 10 fragments to form one hundred kilo base pair (100kb) fragments. Each step involves transformation and sequencing procedures in E. coli host cells. Ultimately, eleven of these hundred kilo base pair fragments are joined to create a “Synthetic Genome” which is maintained in yeast cells, as maximum limit of DNA transplant acceptance of E. coli is 100kb. By this approach, synthetic chromosomes can be maintained, manipulated and transplanted to an acceptor organism to create a synthetic cell. Applications of the technology include semi-synthetic approach of Artemisinic acid, which can be used to chemically synthesize anti-malarial drug Atremisinin and its therapeutically important derivatives. Second application of synthetic biology is production of meningitis vaccine against poorly immunogenic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup-B, by preparing synthetic vesicles. Third application includes disease mechanism identification of a rare-primary immunodeficiency disease “Agamaglobinemia” using reconstruction of mutant B-cell receptor components in synthetic membranes to validate a point mutation. Fourth application include environmental fixation of carbon di-oxide to produce methane by using minimal genome containing synthetic cells of Metahnococcous sp. Fifth application is production of novel biosensors which can be toggled ON and OFF using “Visible Light” as modulator. These “Gene switches” are also able to operate in mammalian cells. With potential applications and wide research domains, synthetic biology is also under ethical and religious criticism. Future of this new dimension of biological science requires scrutiny from regulatory authorities, and monetary input from funding agencies.
SYNTHETIC CELLS
An artificial cell or minimal cell or synthetic cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell.
Artificial cells are biological or polymeric membranes which enclose biologically active materials.
A "living" artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to mutate.
DEFINITION
EXAMPLE
SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
Synthetic biology is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature.
Due to more powerful genetic engineering capabilities and decreased DNA synthesis and sequencing costs, the field of synthetic biology is rapidly growing
HISTORY
BOTTOM-UP APPROACH FOR CONSTRUCTING SYNTHETIC CELLS
A bottom-up approach is commonly used to design and construct genetic circuits by piecing together functional modules that are capable of reprogramming cells with novel behavior.
CELL ENCAPSULATION METHOD
Cell microencapsulation technology involves immobilization of the cells within a polymeric semi-permeable membrane that permits the bidirectional diffusion of molecules such as the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins.
TECHNIQUES USED FOR THE PREPARATION OF EMULSION
1- high pressure homogenization
2- microfluidization
3- drop method
4- emulsion method
MEMBRANES OF SYNTHETIC CELLS
THE MINIMAL CELL
A minimal cell is one whose genome only encodes the minimal set of genes necessary for the cell to survive.
THE SYNTHETIC BLOOD CELLS
Synthetic red blood cells mimic natural ones, and have new abilities
APPLICATIONS OF SYNTHETIC CELLS
1- DRUG RELEASE AND DELIEVERY
2- GENE THERAPY
3- ENZYME THERAPY
4- HEMOPERFUSION
5- OTHER APPLICATIONS
FUTURE OF SYNTHETIC CELLS AND BIOLOGY
ACHIEVEMENTS
HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES
ETHICS AND CONTROVERSIES
REFERENCES
THANK YOU
Synthetic Biology: Bringing Engineering Back Into Genetic EngineeringSachin Rawat
Genetic Engineering lacks a few elements of Engineering. Here is what those are and how Synthetic Biology (or Genetic Engineering v2.0) would account for those.
Bioinformatics is the branch of life science that deals with the use of mathematical, statistical and computer methods to analyze biological and biochemical data.
Types of Bioinformatics (see the slides)
Introduction
Definition
History
Principle
Components of bioinformatics
Bioinformatics databases
Tools of bioinformatics
Applications of bioinformatics
Molecular medicine
Microbial genomics
Plant genomics
Animal genomics
Human genomics
Drug and vaccine designing
Proteomics
For studying biomolecular structures
In- silico testing
Conclusion
References
introduction to Nanobiotechnology
what is nanotechnology
bionanotechnology
classical biotechnology industrial production using biological system
modern biotechnology from industrial processes to noval therapeutics
modern biotechnology immunological enzymatic and neucleic acid based technology
Dna based technology
self assembly and supramolecular chemistry
formation of ordered structure at nano scale
this presentation is on Synthetic Biology: Engineering Biological Systems for Novel Applications
Content List
Introduction
Timeline
Supporting Tools and Mechanisms
Applications
Outside-the-lab
Growth and Investment
Conflict and Ethical Issues
Future Directions
Conclusion
References
Thank You
BioinformaticsPurpose Bioinformatics is the combination of comp.docxrichardnorman90310
Bioinformatics
Purpose: Bioinformatics is the combination of computer science and biology which used various methods of storing and retrieving the biological data which have pros and cons, scientists are able to discover new information on various diseases, its mutation, it helps in differentiating one organism from another by analyzing their genetic data, biological development and will stop various crimes, disadvantages and develops the algorithm that helps in measuring the sequence similarity.
1. Introduction: Bioinformatics is a field which include molecular biology, statistics, issues, computer problems, and extensive mathematics complex problem. It has two stages deliberately gather various insights from the natural information and to make a computational model. It can be found in the study area of precision and preventive medicine.
0. Background info on of bioinformaticsComment by R Daniel Creider: A, B, C and D are not a part of the introduction. The outline is not organized correctly
0. How to approach bioinformatics?
1. Goals of Bioinformatics
0. Development of efficient algorithms
0. Extension of experimental data by predictions
1. Advantages of bioinformatics
1. World is getting information on new discovery and crimes are prevented
1. Discover new information on various diseases
1. How organisms mutate
1. How it analyses data to differentiate one organism from another
1. Disadvantages of bioinformatics
2. Data manipulation, complexity, lack of well-trained manpower to use the software
2. Misuse of the information
0. Problems behinds it
0. Data about the genetic information lack proper analyzed
0. Importance of Bioinformatics
3. Genetic research
0. Genomics and proteomics
1.
Solution
of the problem
1. Use software wisely
1. Decrease its complexity
1. Future of the bioinformatics
2. Bioinformatics is the present and future of biotechnology
0. Use for research and exchange information for comparison, storage and analysis
BIOINFORMATICS: A Technical Report
Texas A&M University-Commerce
Bishow KunwarComment by R Daniel Creider: Your name comes before the name of the University.
Abstract
The main aim of Bioinformatics is to improve the various methods of storing, retrieving and organizing the biological data by critically evaluating the data. The effectiveness of bi informatics in the field of genetics and genomics is playing its part in a way that particularly in textual mining of biological development. Bioinformatics is the application which is the mix of two fields (software engineering and science). It is a field that includes different things like sub-atomic science, measurement issues, software engineering issues, and broad arithmetic complex issues.
Keywords; Bioinformatics, Genetic, Genomic, Biological Development
Introduction:
Bioinformatics is the application which is the combination of two fields (computer science and biology). It is a field that involves multiple things like molecular .
Similar to Synthetic biology, Artificial intelligence, quantum computing - in genetics (20)
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
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Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
4. INTRODUCTION
● Synthetic biology (SynBio) is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new
biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature.
● It is a branch of science that encompasses a broad range of methodologies from various
disciplines, such as biotechnology, genetic engineering, molecular biology, molecular
engineering, systems biology, membrane science, biophysics, chemical and biological
engineering, electrical and computer engineering, control engineering and evolutionary biology.
Due to more powerful genetic engineering capabilities and decreased DNA synthesis and
sequencing costs, the field of synthetic biology is rapidly growing.
● Many scientists suspect that synthetic biology will not only reveal new knowledge about the
machinery of life but also bring about new biotechnological applications. Two major applications
that are being pursued are biofuels, & pharmaceuticals.
5. SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
● Synthetic Biology is also known as Synbio, Synthetic Genomics, Constructive Biology or
Systems Biology) - design and construction of new biological parts, devices and systems that do
not exist in the natural world and also the redesign of existing biological systems to perform
specific tasks. Advances in Nano scale technologies - manipulation of matter at the level of atoms
and molecules - are contributing to advances in synthetic biology.
● The title 'synthetic biology' appeared in the literature in 1980, when it was used by Barbara
Hobom to describe bacteria that had been genetically engineered using recombinant DNA
technology. These bacteria are living systems (therefore biological) that have been altered by
human intervention (that is, synthetically). In this respect, synthetic biology was largely
synonymous with bioengineering
6. There are many definitions for synthetic biology. Like,
➢ It is an emerging field of biology that aims at designing and building novel biological
systems.
or
➢ The final goal is to be able to design biological systems in the same way engineers design
electronic or mechanical systems. Etc.
or
➢ An emerging field of research that aims to combine the knowledge and methods of biology,
engineering and related disciplines in the design of chemically synthesized DNA to create
organisms with novel or enhanced characteristics and traits
7. Subfields of contemporary Synthetic Biology
There are 5 main subfields of contemporary synthetic biology
➢ DNA Synthesis
➢ DNA based bio-circuits
➢ Minimal genome
➢ Protocells
➢ Chemical SB/Xenobiology
Components of Synthetic Biology .
➢ Genetic Manipulation
➢ Genetic selection carried out for millennia (domestication of animals)
➢ Mendelian selection 'rationalized' process.
➢ Recombinant DNA Technology
8. APPLICATIONS
ENVIRONMENTALAPPLICATIONS
➢ Synthetic biology has a broad range of applications including the production of photographic
bacteria.
➢ They can also be used to detect toxic chemicals such as arsenic.
MEDICALAPPLICATIONS
➢ One of the avenues of synthetic biology is that has wide application is the development of
alternative production routes for useful compounds, and one of the most discussed of these is
the construction of a artificial metabolic pathway in E.coli and Yeast to produce a precursor
(artemisinin) for a antimalarial drug.
9. ➢ It can be used for development of other therapeutically useful products for cancer and HIV
treatment.
➢ It helps for the development of synthetic vaccines for some viral diseases such as SARS
(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and Hepatitis C
INDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONS
➢ Synthetic biology is widely used for the production of Biofuels from genetically engineered
microorganisms.
11. INTRODUCTION
● Artificial Intelligence - It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines,
especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers
to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are
biologically observable.
● Artificial Life is a Field of study and an associated art form which examines systems related
to life, its processes, and its evolution through simulations using computer models, robotics,
and biochemistry. Soft (software) Hard (hardware) Wet (biochemistry).
12. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
● Artificial intelligence is at the forefront of modern technology and has begun to parallel in
the world of biotechnology. Machine learning has also been the heart of many tech startups
which is driven by increasing availability and cheaper data paired with more efficient
computers. Throughout the years, Al and ML have started to find their way into the realm of
biotechnology due to the growth of biotechnology data.
● Artificially intelligent machines can perform tasks far better and in a very fast manner than
humans. It has a large number of applications in the field of genetics and biology
● Lab assistants are known for carrying out tedious tasks ranging from gene editing or data
analysis. Many of these tasks are now being passed over to the responsibility of Al.
13. ● The power of artificial intelligence now allows stronger experiments and data to be collected
in any area of science. This advancement and collaboration between biotechnology and
artificial intelligence can increase the time of getting better results back.
14. APPLICATIONS
AI has two main applications in genetics: identification of harmful genes and treatment of
disease.
IDENTIFICATION
● For human beings, it is an extremely tedious and time-consuming process to analyze the vast
amount of data that is present in a single person’s DNA. This analysis can be made much
more efficient and accurate by utilizing machines for their core purpose- to make tiresome
tasks less challenging.
● By using machine learning algorithms to compare the different gene expression levels in
malignant and normal tissue samples of a patient diagnosed with cancer, predictions can be
made about which genes have been mutated in that patient’s DNA.
15. ● Various imaging techniques are used to detect the mutations and diseases in different organisms
like magnetic resonance imaging, fluorescent imaging, and thermography
Magnetic resonance imaging
● Also called as NMR, meaning nuclear magnetic resonance scanner, it is mostly known as
magnetic resonance imaging device, and is usually identified for its powerful magnets. These
magnets are good as they efficiently polarize and further excites the focused proton singly
included in water molecules present in the tissue, helping in a detectable signal spatially encoded
giving various images of the body.
Fluorescence imaging
● Fluorescence imaging is used to detect tumors, and cancer. Fluorescence techniques are also used
in a variety of genetic techniques like PCR, Blotting techniques, DNA sequencing, medical
imaging and surgery.
16. Thermography
● One of the most common applications of it is breast imaging. Usually one of the three
approaches are being used commonly, the tele-thermography, the dynamic
angio-thermography and the contact thermography type. The imaging thermographic digital
methods involve the advantage of the principle derived from metabolic activity. Also
vascular circulation within the area surrounding a developing breast cancer is studied to
detect the higher value.
19. INTRODUCTION
● Quantum computing is a promising field that emerged out of a combination of quantum
physics and computer science. With ever expanding data across different areas, the
conventional computer will run out of its capacity to handle such big data. Further,
extracting the meaningful from big complex data still, accompany challenges with it.
Quantum computing's main goal is to provide such algorithms which are robust and faster in
solving problems as compared to classical computers.
20. QUANTUM COMPUTING
● Quantum computing is an interdisciplinary research area that utilizes the principles of
quantum mechanics.
● David Deutsch is known as the father of quantum computing.
● Quantum computers possess unique abilities such as entanglement, superposition that enable
to surpass some of the limitations of today’s classical computer. For instance, their ability to
perform extremely faster computations by reducing the number of calculations needed to
complete a task. Further, it can help in solving problems that are currently unsolvable in
varied disciplines such as bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, drug discovery, personalized
medicine, biological system, and many others
21.
22. QUANTUM COMPUTERS AND ITS BASIC FEATURES
Well-known high technology using companies like IBM, Microsoft, Google is investing in
research and development towards quantum computing. Recently, IBM Q System OneTM has
been developed by IBM which is the first commercial Quantum computer. Following are some of
the basic features possessed by quantum computing that make it lucrative :
➢ Qubits
● In contrast to bit can have only one possible electronic state out of two (|0⟩ and |1⟩ ) at a time
in classical computing’s, quantum computing leverages the advantage of subatomic particles
where each state is represented by ‘quantum bit’ or ‘qubit’ that can attain 1,0 or any values in
between them at a time. Such a system is called as “complex two-state system” where a state
space has infinitely many possible states.
23. ➢ Superposition
● In quantum computing, pure qubit (|Ψ⟩ ) can attain any superposition or linear combination
of two basic states represented by Dirac notation |0⟩ and |1⟩ , a|0⟩ + b|1⟩ ), where a and b
denote complex numbers given |a| 2 + |b| 2 = 1. Further, two bits in classical computing can
be indicated as 00, 01, 10 and 11. In contrast, a qubit can be represented by any of those
numbers at the same time. As a result, greater number of qubits will lead to an exponential
increase in the number of superpositions that facilitates faster calculations involving very
complicated numbers.
➢ Quantum parallelism
● The superposition feature imparts an ability to run a computation on possible classical states
at a time that provides enormous computational power to quantum computing, and the
process is referred to as quantum parallelism.
24. Consequently, parallelism in quantum computing can perform some tasks shown to have
advantages over classical computing. Some of these advantages include factorization of large
numbers and searching large databases.
➢ Entanglement
● Quantum entanglement refers to a process where a change in the state of one qubit is
inseparable from the change in the state of others regardless of their spatial separation.
● Entanglement enables quantum computing to solve problems quickly to get to the right
answer and fosters role in a variety of applications including teleportation, quantum
cryptography, and others.
25. APPLICATIONS
● Solving biological problems
● Drug designing
● Drug development
● Storing Genomic data and genetic informations
● Cancer disease detection
26. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
According to Synthetic biology, It is a multidisciplinary area of research that seeks to create new
biological parts, devices, and systems, or to redesign systems that are already found in nature. Synthetic
Biology is used to design and construct new biological parts, devices and systems that do not exist in
the natural world and also the redesign of existing biological systems to perform specific tasks.
Advances in Nano scale technologies - manipulation of matter at the level of atoms and molecules - are
contributing to advances in synthetic biology.
According to Artificial Intelligence, It is the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers
to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically
observable.
27. According to Quantum Computing, Quantum computing is an interdisciplinary research area
that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum computers possess unique abilities
such as entanglement, superposition that enable to surpass some of the limitations of today’s
classical computer. For instance, their ability to perform extremely faster computations by
reducing the number of calculations needed to complete a task. Further, it can help in solving
problems that are currently unsolvable in varied disciplines such as bioinformatics, artificial
intelligence, drug discovery, personalized medicine, biological systems, and many others
Synthetic biology, Artificial intelligence and Quantum computing, These three have their
own importance and applications in the field of life sciences.
28. REFERENCES
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Bueso, F. Y.; Tangney, M. (2017). "Synthetic Biology in the Driving Seat of the Bioeconomy".
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