Cobalt ferrite nano-crystalline powder was synthesized from the powder mixture of cobalt carbonate and iron oxide by mixed oxide ceramic method. The effects of temperature of calcination as well as molar ratio of CoCO3/Fe2O3 on the phase structure, morphology and magnetic properties of the products were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques, respectively. The samples calcined at 800 and 900˚C consisted of cobalt ferrite, iron oxide and cobalt oxide. In the sample calcined at 1000˚C, the reaction was completed and single phase CoFe2O4 with a mean crystallite and particle sizes of 49 and 300 nm, respectively was obtained.

1. Synthesis Of Cobalt Ferrite
By Solid State Reaction Method
Sanjay Gupta

2. Objective
• To synthesize ferrites/ nano ferrites using solid state reaction method
synthesis and verify whether it is environment friendly protocol.
• To characterize them as synthesized ferrites.
• To study the antibacterial activity of cobalt ferrite.
• To study the structure, size shape at different calcinations
temperature.

3. Why choose solid state reaction method?
The commonly used approach for the synthesis of ferrite materials in bulk form was the ceramic method.
It can be adopted without detail chemical knowledge of the chemicals being used for the preparation.
The main disadvantage of this technique is that the final materials have additional undesirable phases.
Important steps in this technique are calcinations and sintering. Pre sintering temperature and time for
calcination and sintering may vary for individual systems.
The raw materials used for the synthesis of ferrites are usually the powders of Iron (III) oxide and metal
(II) oxides such as NiO, ZnO, CuO etc.
Grinding and mixing of the oxides have much importance for the homogenization of the desired phase.
In sintering, the pellet of the material must be fired at maximum high temperature without melting.
It is performed at very high temperatures (>1100°C), where reacting atoms can diffuse through solid
materials to the reaction more easily. The ferrites prepared through ceramic methods are in bulk form
and their size is in micrometer range (10-6m).

4. Why choose CoFe2O4 material?
Cobalt ferrite
(CoFe2O4) is a
promising material
due to its exceptional
ferroelectric, optical,
electronic and
magnetic properties
that are most
important for device
applications.
Partial substitution of
iron with transition
metals might play an
important role to
improve its different
properties useful in
various applications.

5. Properties
Spinel
structure
Semi hard
magnetic
material
Ferromagnetic
and
ferroelectric
Large
permeability
Curie
temperature
around 793K
Strong
magnetic
anisotropy
Moderate
saturation
magnetization
and high
correctivity

6. EXPERIMENTAL
The starting chemical analytical grade Fe2O3 (from
Loba Chemie Company) and CoCO3 (from Loba
Chemie Company) have been mixed according to
the stoichiometric ratio as presented in reaction.
Moreover, ratio of CoCO3/ Fe2O3 was also chosen
1.1 to study the effects of deviation from
stoichiometry.
The mixture was ground using mortar and pestle
for 20 minutes and then calcined at 700, 800, 900,
and 1000˚C for 6 hours in air.

7. Fig(1). Fe2O3 and CoCO3 before mixing
Fig(2). After ground using mortar and pestle

8. Fig(3). Calcined mixture on several temperature
Fig(4). Mixture after calcination
(Final Product)

9. REACTION
CoCO3 + Fe2O3 → CoFe2O4 + CO2
6 CoCO3 + O2 → 2 Co3O4 + 6 CO2 T ≈ 400 ˚C
2 Co3O4 + 6 Fe2O3 → 6 CoFe2O4 + O2
Phase Transformation

10. Antibacterial activity against CoFe2O4
Bacteria culture Concentration of CoFe2O4(µg/L)
E. Coli 50 100 200
Pseudomonas fluorescens 50 100 200

11. Applications
Electronic devices.
High density
information storage
devices.
Magnetic recording
applications such as
audio and
videotape and
high-density digital
recording disks.
High frequency
devices and power
supply.
Ferro-fluids.
Magnetic drug
delivery.
Photocatalysis.

12. CONCLUSION
• Solid-state reaction method, as an industrial favorable technique, was
used to synthesize nano-crystalline CoFe2O4 .
• Although our CoFe2O4 particles doesn't showed any antibacterial
activity the Cobalt ferrite particle has antibacterial activity
Venkatesan et al. Based on the above studies, it could be concluded
that the cobalt ferrite nano-particle has potential for biological
applications, but further studies need to be taken up for clinical
applications.

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14. THANK YOU!