This slideshare gives information about medical symptoms and their meanings to all health and medicine professionals at their starting stage

1. MEDICAL SYMPTOMS AND
THEIR MEANINGS
By
KENCHA SWATHI
M.PHARM
Assistant Professor
T.John College of Pharmacy

2. SYMPTOMS FROM
A TO Z

3. A
Abrasion: An injury caused by rub or scrape against the skin.
Alopecia: Hair loss occurs by attack of hair follicles by immunesystem
particularly from scalp.It is also called as spot baldness.
Allergy: Condition caused by Hypersensitivity of the immunesystem.
Anaemia: Decrease in the amount of RBC’s or haemoglobin in blood.
Arrythmia: Irregular rate of heart beat,too fast or too slow.
Apnoea: Temporary cessation of breathing during sleep.
Appetite : Desire to eat food due to feeling of hunger.
Anorexia: Loss of appetite due to aversion to food.
Amnesia: A partial or total loss of memory due to brain injury or shock.

4. Aphasia:Loss of the ability to communicate verbally due to braindamage
Apraxia: Inability to perform physical activities due to brain damage
Agnosia: Inability to interpret sensations and to recognise things such as
light,sound and touch as a result of brain damage.
Acalculia: Inability to perform simple calculations due to brain injury.
Acrophobia: Extreme fear of heights
Agoraphobia: Abnormal Fear of open or public places/ being in crowds
Akinesia: Loss or impairment of voluntary activity of a muscle
Akathisia: A movement disorder charaterised by a feeling of inner
restlessness and inability to sit
Anxiety: A feeling of strong desire or concern to do something
Ataxia: Loss of control of body movements due to damage to
cerebellum and spinal cord

5. B
Blister: Small pockets filled with serum or plasma on the upper layers of
the skin ,caused by rubbing , burning and infection.
Bradypnea: Abnormally slow rate of breathing less than 12 breaths per
minute ,caused by overuse of narcotics ,brain disorders.
Bradykinesia: Patient with tremors,rigidity and postural instability
Blurred vision: Loss of sharpness of eyesight,objects appear hazy.
Bloating: Abnormal swelling with fluid or gas and increase in diameter
of the abdominal area.
Belching: Act of expelling air from the stomach through the mouth.
Bradycardia: Slow rate of heart beat.

6. C
Confusion: State of unstable mind about something
Constipation: When a person is not passing stools regularly or cannot
completely empty their bowels.
Chest pain: It refers to pain in the chest area ,symptom of heart attack
Claudication: Pain and cramping in the lower leg due to inadequate
blood flow to the muscles.
Cough: Reflex action to clear airways of mucus and irritants such as
dust or smoke.
Cold: Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that affects the nose
Chills: Rapid muscle contraction and relaxation ,also known as shivering
Cyanosis: A bluish colouration of the skin due to poor circulation or
inadequate oxygenation of the blood.

7. D
Depression: Loss of interest in activities/feeling of hopelessness.
Diplopia: Seeing two images of a single object.
Dysarthria: Inability to coordinate the muscles of the mouth
(motor speech disorder)
Diarrhoea: Frequent unusual loose or watery stools.
Dysphagia: Dificulty or discomfort in swallowing.
Dyspepsia: Indigestion / Disturbed digestion
Dysuria: Painful urination or micturition.
Dystonia: Movement disorde that causes muscle spasms or contractions

8. Dyspnea: Uncomfortable breathing.
Delusion: Mental illness showing abnormality in the content of thought.
Delirium: Disturbed state of mind with restlessness,illusions.
Dehydration: Deficit of total body water.
Dark urine: Deep coloured urine than normal due to dehydration
Depigmentation: Lightening of the skin or loss of pigment
Dizziness: Feeling of being unbalanced which affects eyes & ears.
Drooling: Uncontrollable drop of saliva from the mouth
Dyspareunia: Difficult or painful sexual intercourse.

9. E
Euphoria: A feeling or state of intense excitement and happiness
(A state of well being)

10. F
Fatigue: Tiredness or feeling of exhaustion
Flatulence: Releasing gas from the digestive system through the anus.
Faint: Loss of consciousness
Fever: Increase in the body’s temperature.
Flaky scalp: Dandruff or dry skin due to skin problems like psoriasis.
Flu: A common disease that is caused by a virus and that causes
fever,weakness, body aches and breathing problems.
Fluctuating mood: Rapid change in mood or mood swings.

11. G
Gingivitis: Inflammation , irritation & redness of the gums caused by
bacterial infection
Gout: Burning pain,stiffness and swelling in a joint (arthritis)
Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

12. H
Hallucination: Sensations that appear real but are created by own mind.
Haematemesis: Vomiting of blood
Hypoventilation: State of slow breathing than normal results in reduced
levels of oxygen & increased levels of carbondioxide.
Hyperventilation: Deep breathing or excessive ventilation of the lungs.
Headache: Pain /discomfort in the region of the head or neck.
Haematuria: Presence of blood in the urine.
Hot flashes: Flushes due to reduced levels of estradiol in menopause
women.
Hypocalcemia: Presence of low serum calcium levels in the blood.
Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar level than normal.
Hypothermia: Low body temperature.

13. I
Insomnia: Inability to sleep or habitual sleeplessness or sleep disorder
Itching: Irritating and uncontrollable sensation of the skin that makes to
scratch to relieve the feeling.
Impotence: Inability to get and maintain an erection/Erectile dysfunction
Infertility: Inability to reproduce/Inability to conceive with unprotected
sex
Inflammation: Reddening and swelling of a particular area by infection

14. J
Jaundice: Yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin due to high
bilirubin levels.

15. L
Laceration: A deep cut or tear of the flush/skin/wound.
Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx (voice box).

16. M
Mania: Mental illness with a periods of great excitement ,delusions and
overactivity.
Miosis: Constriction/contraction of the pupil of the eye.
Mydriasis: Dilation of the pupil of the eye.
Miscarriage: Loss of a pregnancy during the first 23 weeks/spontaneous
abortion

17. N
Nausea: Uneasiness /discomfort of the stomach that comes before
vomiting.
Nystagmus : Involuntary, rapid and repetitive movement of the eyes.
Numbness: Partial or complete loss of sensation caused by damage or
compression of one of the nerves.
Nasal congestion: Blockade of the nasal passage due to swollen
membranes of the noise.

18. O
Otalgia: Pain in the ear.
Osteoporosis: Deformation of the bones as a result of hormonal changes
or deficiency of vitamin-D or calcium.
Onychorrhexis: Condition that forms brittle nails
Osteopenia: Decreased bone density but not to the extent of
osteopororosis.

19. P
Paralysis: Inability to move a body part as a result of damage to a nerve
supply.
Pyrosis: Burning sensation in the upper abdomen.
Paresthesia: Burning or prickling sensation in the hands,arms and legs.
Polyuria: Abnormal production of urine & increase in urinary frequency.
Polyphagia: Excessive hunger or eating /Increase appetite.
Polydipsia: Excessive thirst or excess drinking.
Palpitation: Rapid , strong or irregular heartbeat due to agitation.

20. Pelvic pain: Pain in the lower part of the abdomen(pelvis).
Penile pain: Itching , burning or unpleasant sensation in the head or
foreskin of the penis.
Phlebitis: Inflammation of the walls of the veins.
Proteinuria: Presence of abnormal quantities of protein in the urine.
Pneumonia: Inflammation of the tissue in one or both lungs due to
bacterial infection.
Peripheral neuropathy: Damage of the peripheral nervous system.
Pain: Distress feeling caused by burning or pricking.

21. R
Retrograde ejaculation: If semen which is ejaculated via the urethra ,is
redirected to the urinary bladder.
Rash: Small red spots on the skin causing itching.
Reddening: Make or become red on the skin due to burn,wound.
Rheumatoid arthritis: Inflammation in the joints and resulting in
pain,stiffness in the joints.
Ringing in the ears: Sensation of hearing, ringing, buzzing, hissing,chirping,
whistling or other sounds from the ear due to tumor on
the auditory nerve.

22. s
Somnolence: State of feeling drowsy,ready to fall asleep or sleeping for
unusually long periods.
Steatorrhoea: Presence of excess fat in faeces.
Swelling: Abnormal enlargement of a tissue by accumulation of fluid.
Seizures: Changes in behaviour due to abnormal electrical activity in the
brain.
Snoring: Vibration of respiratory structures gives sound while sleeping due
to obstructed air movement during breathing.
Sneezing: Sudden involuntary expulsion of air from the nose and mouth
due to irritation of the nasal mucous membrane
Sinusitis: Inflammation of the air cavities within the passages of the nose.

23. T
Tremor: Involuntary movement, rhythmic , muscle contraction and
relaxation of the hands , arms and legs.
Tachycardia: Abnormal rapid heart beat rate that is faster than normal.
Tachypnea: Abnormally rapid breathing.
Tingling: Sensation of prickling or stinging
Thrush: Common yeast infection.
Tunnel vision: Loss of peripheral vision with retention of central vision.

24. U
Urticaria: It is a kind of skin rash with red ,raised and itchy bumps.

25. V
Vaginismus: Involuntary contraction of the vaginal muscles during sexual
intercourse.
Vaginal discharge and itching: Itching of the skin of the vagina and the
surrounding area (vulva) along with vaginal discharge.
Vaginal dryness: Menopausal woman suffer from dryness of the vagina
during sexual intercourse.

26. W
Whooping cough: Bouts of intense coughing due to bacterial infection.
White tongue: The tongue appears white when food debris , bacteria
and dead cells get lodged between inflammed papillae.

27. X
Xeropthalmia: Abnormal dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea of the
eye with inflammation due to vitamin-A deficiency.

28. Y
Yawning: Involuntary action of opening the mouth and breathing in
deeply, filling the lungs with air.