Medicinal chemistry-Antiarrythmic drugs||CVS Drugs

1. z
ANTIARRYTHMIC DRUGS
BY
KENCHA SWATHI
z

2. z
ARRYTHMIAS
 An arrythmia is a problem with the rhythm of the heart beat.
 The heart can beat too fast or with an irregular rhythm
 If heart beats too fast ,the condition is called as tachycardia
 If heart beats too slow,then the condition is called as bradycardia

3. z SYMPTOMS
 Fluttering chest sensation
 Shortness of breath
 Tiredness
 Angina
 Dizziness
 Profuse sweating
 Tachycardia &Bradycardia

4. z
CAUSES OF ARRYTHMIAS
 Pacemaker abnormality
 Shift of the pacemaker from SA node to another place in the
heart
 Heart diseases like CHF,Cardiomyopathy,B.P,Myocardial
infarction,valvular disease.
 Drugs & alcohol intoxication
 Electrolyte abnormality
 Pneumonia
 Hyperthyroidism

5. z
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIARRYTHMIC DRUGS
 Class-I :Membrane depressant drugs
Quinidine sulphate,Procainamide,
Phenytoin,Disopyramide, Tocainide, Lidocaine
 Class-II :β-Adrenergic blockers
Sotalol
 Class-III :Repolarisation prolongators
Amiodarone,Mexiletine,Lorcainide
 Class IV: Calcium channel blockers-Diltiazem,Verapamil

6. z
QUINIDINE SULPHATE
 Uses:To treat supraventricular and ventricular arrythmias
To treat atrial and ventricular tachycardia
To treat atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation

7. z
PROCAINAMIDE HCl
 Uses: To treat ventricular tachycardia and atrial arrythmias

8. z
PHENYTOIN SODIUM
 Uses:Anticonvulsant
To treat arrythmias

9. z
DISOPYRAMIDE PHOSPHATE
 Uses: To treat arrythmias

10. z
TOCAINIDE HCl
 Uses:To prevent or to treat ventricular ectopy and tachycardia

11. z
LIDOCAINE HCl
 Uses:Local anaesthetic to treat arrythmias

12. z
SOTALOL
 Uses:β-Blocker
To treat cardiac arrythmias

13. z
AMIODARONE
 Uses:To treat tachycardia
To treat ventricular and supraventricular arrythmias.

14. z
MEXILETINE HYDROCHLORIDE
 Uses: Antiarrythmic agent

15. z
LORCAINIDE HYDROCHLORIDE
 Uses: Antiarrythmic drug

16. z
 4 –Resting potential
 O-open
 1 –Inactive phase & 2-Plateau phase
 3-Rapid repolarization & Next 4-Depolarisation

17. z
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF DRUGS
 Class-I Drugs: Class-I drugs are Na⁺ channel blockers.They
increase threshold for excitability & decrease automaticity and
prolongs action potential .Drug causes depression of
contractility and decreases B.P.
 Class-I Drugs prolongs PR,QRS and shortens repolarization.

18. z
 Class-II drugs: β –adrenergic blockers competitively block
catecholamine induced stimulation of cardiac β-receptors.
 Drug depress phase 4 depolarization of pacemaker cells,⇩
Heart rate & ⇧ peripheral resistance.
 These drugs prolongs action potential duration by ⇩ AV
Conduction.
 Then reduces myocardial oxygen demand.

19. z
 Class-III drugs: These drugs prolong phase 3 repolarization
without altering phase O.It prolongs action potential by blocking
K⁺ channels & blocks inactivated Na⁺ channels & blocks Ca²⁺
channels,⇩ Conduction and also ⇩ ectopic automaticity.

20. z
 Class IV drugs: These drugs inhibit the inward movement of
calcium,⇩ contractility,automaticity and AV Conduction.

21. z
z
Fitness Progress
Plan for a Healthy
Lifestyle
Healthy
Lifestyle
Diet
Exercise
Hydration
Immune
System
Goals
Mental
Attitudes

22. z
Thank
You
z