Sustainable development is defined as meeting present needs without compromising future generations' ability to meet theirs, and was introduced by Gro Harlem Brundtland in 1987. It encompasses economic, social, cultural, political, and environmental sustainability, which should be analyzed at global, national, and local levels. In India, high population growth linked to the agricultural and industrial revolutions poses challenges for sustainability and necessitates effective environmental protection measures.

1. Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable Development
Sustainable development is development thatSustainable development is development that
meets the needs of the present withoutmeets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generationscompromising the ability of future generations
to meet their own needs.to meet their own needs.
Gro Harlem Brundtland first introduced theGro Harlem Brundtland first introduced the
concept of sustainable development in 1987.concept of sustainable development in 1987.
He was then the Prime Minister of Norway andHe was then the Prime Minister of Norway and
chairman of the World Commission onchairman of the World Commission on
Environment and DevelopmentEnvironment and Development..

2. Five related aspects to the concept ofFive related aspects to the concept of
sustainability.sustainability.
• Economic sustainabilityEconomic sustainability
• Social sustainabilitySocial sustainability
• Cultural sustainabilityCultural sustainability
• Political sustainability andPolitical sustainability and
• Environmental sustainabilityEnvironmental sustainability

3. Sustainability issues are to beSustainability issues are to be
analyzed at various levelsanalyzed at various levels
• Global levelGlobal level
Ozone depletionOzone depletion
Climate changeClimate change
Air pollutionAir pollution
• National or Area-levelNational or Area-level
Water pollutionWater pollution
Water depletionWater depletion
Deforestation -Biodiversity- Desertification andDeforestation -Biodiversity- Desertification and
ErosionErosion..

4. Continue ..Continue ..
Local level :Local level :
a plot, a farm or a villagea plot, a farm or a village
Soil losses - Loss of soil qualitySoil losses - Loss of soil quality
(chemical or physical) - Loss of farm(chemical or physical) - Loss of farm
incomeincome

5. ObjectivesObjectives
 Social progress which recognizes the needs ofSocial progress which recognizes the needs of
everyoneeveryone
 Effective protection of the environmentEffective protection of the environment
 Prudent use of natural resource andPrudent use of natural resource and
 Maintenance of high and stable levels ofMaintenance of high and stable levels of
economic growth and employmenteconomic growth and employment

6. As per the Census 2011
India’s population is 1.21
billion. India is the second
largest populous country in
the world. About 17 % of
the world’s population is
shared by India.
The agricultural and
industrial revolutions
drove population
growth.

7. These alarming
changes has to be
attributed to high
population growth
and consequently
due to high
consumption of
non renewable
energy resources.

14. . Delhi were first asked to pay a ‘green tax’, municipal officials said
on Monday that the Environment Compensation Charge may be
causing the number of vehicles to fall
As per orders of the Supreme Court, the private toll tax collection
agency that operates the 127 border entry points in the Capital
started collecting Rs.700 and Rs.1,300 as ECC from commercial
vehicles from November 6 midnight

15. The EA 189 engine was found to emit nitrogen oxide up
to 40 times above the norms
In September 2015, the Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) of the United States found out that cars across the
Volkswagen Group portfolio were being fitted with a
‘defeat device