The document discusses key issues related to climate change mitigation and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) after 2012. It outlines the international agreements on climate change, success of the CDM, and strategic objectives for the post-2012 period. It also examines the positions and commitments of major countries like the US, China, and India, and what to expect from the upcoming COP-15 conference in Copenhagen.

1. CDM ISSUES AND WAY FORWARD: WHAT NEXT AFTER 2012?Wide political recognition that it is a serious threatMany argue that warming must be kept to less than 2°C degrees to avoid the worst effects

2. The international agreementsUN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Rio Conference on Environment and Development 1992

3. 192 PartiesKyoto Protocol182 Parties – in force in 2005Article 12 of Kyoto Protocolassistance will be provided to parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development contributing to the ultimate objective of the convention, and to assist parties included in Annex I in achieving compliance with their quantified emission limitationreal, measurable, and long-term benefits related to the mitigation of climate change’

4. SUCCESS OF CDM AND DILIGENCE OF UNFCCC38 Designated Operational Entities (DOEs) 137 Designated National Authorities (DNAs) 167 methodologies have been approved. ‘it’s time to scale up and enhance the mechanism to release its full potential’-Chair of CDM –EB “CDM has suffered from its own success”-EB.45AdministrativeProject UnderstandingProject motive

5. At the cross road of COP-15Mature-Effective-Fastfour strategic objectives: • need to ensure sustainable economic development;• effective development and penetration of clean technologies;• establishment of an effective international carbon market over the long term; • integration of adaptation in development and natural resource management decision-making

6. Design features of a post-2012 Broad participationConsideration of national circumstancesEnvironmental effectivenessQuantitative commitmentsTECHNOLOGY AGREEMENTSectoral approach

7. What can we expect from the COP-15?Political Essentials 1.How much are the industrialized countries willing to reduce their emissions of greenhouse gases? 2. How much are major developing countries such as China and India willing to do to limit the growth of their emissions?3. How is the help needed by developing countries to engage in reducing their emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change going to be financed?4. How is that money going to be managed?

8. Moves of US, China and IndiaMOU Between US and China[sound like “feel-good diplo-speak”]AMERICAN CLEAN ENERGY AND SECURITY BILL (ACES)[80% of 2005 emissions in 2020, 58% in 2030 and 17% in 2050]Violation of WTO regulaton

9. What should be the India’s position?Recent response: emission caps would not cut ice in Indiain per-capita terms, india ranks a low 137th.

10. 40% of the households in the country are even without an electricity connection.

11. And there are 300 million people living in abject poverty.Rich countries have been responsible for more than 70% of the emissions between 1850 and 2000. India’s contribution to emissions during these same years was a paltry 2%.Canada, US, Europe, and Japan together account for more than 50% of the current emissions and India only 4.4%.

12. Between now and CopenhagenA very busy schedule of meetings, including AWG-LCA, AWG-KP and regular Subsidiary Body meetings in BonnMust be selective and focus on the most important issues

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