The document discusses various surgical and medical devices. It describes tools used in surgery like forceps, scissors, scalpels, needles and catheters. It also discusses other health accessories including contact lenses, glucometers, otoscopes, opthalmoscopes and nebulizers. For each device, it provides details on materials used, functions, types and complications. Forceps are further classified into types like hemostatic, dressing and biopsy forceps. Catheters include Foley, suprapubic and indwelling catheters. The document aims to provide information on various surgical supplies and medical devices used in patient care.
“The surgical dressings are used to cover the wounds to enable quick healing of wounds”.
These are also used for medicinal purposes and to absorb and retain a wide range of fluids from the blood and exudate of damaged tissue.
Surgical instruments and hospital equipmentsSHIVANEE VYAS
The diagnostic tools are more important to the surgeon than his surgical instruments. Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate and effective treatment. Without the use of instruments, we would not be able to visualize directly the duodenum, bile ducts, colon or even joints, etc.
Dosage forms and routes of drug administrationFatenAlsadek
this presentation give an over review about Routes of drug administrations and dosage forms
Done by: Faten Al-Sadek , Pharmacy student at Mohammed Al-Mana college for Health Sciences -MACHS
DRUG INFORMATION SERVICE AND DRUG INFORMATION BULLETINSHIVANEE VYAS
"Drug information center is one of the departments of the hospital and gives the recent knowledge and information about the medical, pharmacy field at any time to the physicians, staff of the hospital and to the citizens”.
Hospital – its functions, types and organization- By rxvichu !!! :)RxVichuZ
Hello friends...........:)
This is my first ppt on HOSPITAL PHARMACY SUBJECT......
This ppt comprises:
a. DEFINITION OF HOSPITAL
b. FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL
c. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL
d. ORGANIZATION OF HOSPITAL.........
Hope u like the ppt! do send ur reviews!!!
@rxvichu-alwz4uh!! :)
Introduction to clinical pharmacy, Concept and Objectives of clinical pharmacy, Function and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacy services.
“The surgical dressings are used to cover the wounds to enable quick healing of wounds”.
These are also used for medicinal purposes and to absorb and retain a wide range of fluids from the blood and exudate of damaged tissue.
Surgical instruments and hospital equipmentsSHIVANEE VYAS
The diagnostic tools are more important to the surgeon than his surgical instruments. Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate and effective treatment. Without the use of instruments, we would not be able to visualize directly the duodenum, bile ducts, colon or even joints, etc.
Dosage forms and routes of drug administrationFatenAlsadek
this presentation give an over review about Routes of drug administrations and dosage forms
Done by: Faten Al-Sadek , Pharmacy student at Mohammed Al-Mana college for Health Sciences -MACHS
DRUG INFORMATION SERVICE AND DRUG INFORMATION BULLETINSHIVANEE VYAS
"Drug information center is one of the departments of the hospital and gives the recent knowledge and information about the medical, pharmacy field at any time to the physicians, staff of the hospital and to the citizens”.
Hospital – its functions, types and organization- By rxvichu !!! :)RxVichuZ
Hello friends...........:)
This is my first ppt on HOSPITAL PHARMACY SUBJECT......
This ppt comprises:
a. DEFINITION OF HOSPITAL
b. FUNCTIONS OF HOSPITAL
c. CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL
d. ORGANIZATION OF HOSPITAL.........
Hope u like the ppt! do send ur reviews!!!
@rxvichu-alwz4uh!! :)
Introduction to clinical pharmacy, Concept and Objectives of clinical pharmacy, Function and responsibilities of clinical pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacy services.
10 Most Innovative Medical Equipment in 2023 | CIO Women MagazineCIOWomenMagazine
These 10 organizations are prime examples of how new approaches to innovative Medical Equipment design are improving patient outcomes and saving lives.
ET TUBE intubation and it's nursing management
especially useful for BNS students (Adult)as well as for medical students.: MBBS, Staff Nurse, BDS, Lab Technician etc...
Bivalve speculum (Cusco's speculum) The two-bladed, or bivalve, speculum is the most common type of instrument gynecologists use to examine the vagina and cervix. ...
Pediatric speculum. ...
Huffman speculum. ...
Pederson speculum. ...
Graves speculum.
The insertion of a cannula or a tube into a hollow organ such as intestines or trachea, to maintain an opening or passageway is known as intubation.
The insertion of a long breathing tube or artificial airway (endotracheal tube - ETT) into the trachea (windpipe) via the mouth is called endotracheal intubation
The compiled report is gotten from a Student Industrial Training in a Medical Laboratory. It shows how some laboratory Test are done in a Medical Laboratory be treatment.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
1. Presented by :Nabina Paudel
4th batch B.Pharma
Surgical and Medical Devices
9/8/20191
2. Introduction
The items related to surgical processes and other items which
are medicine related items used for the patients care though
not drug, fall under the category of surgical and other items.
Surgical instruments are specially degined tools or devices for
performing specific actions of carrying out desired effects
during surgery/operation.
9/8/20192
5. Surgical forceps
Forceps are hinged instruments utilized for
gripping or clasping objects.
Those used in the medical field are manufactured
from quality carbon steel in order to withstand the
rigors of ongoing sterilization.
There are many types of forceps, some are
discussed below:
9/8/20195
7. Instrument type/name: Hemostatic Forceps
Also termed as : Artery Forceps, Clamps and Snaps
Raw material: Stainless steel
Main function: To clamp and restrict arteries or tissue, to
control the flow of blood
Where used mostly: General surgery
Important product features: They have fine serrations of
varying lengths in the jaws.
Other comments: Some patterns are available with sharp
teeth in the jaws.
9/8/20197
9. Instrument type/name: Dressing/Thumb Forceps
Raw material: Stainless steel
Main function: To grasp and handle dressing and
other material
Where used mostly: General surgery
Important product features: Tweezer-type forceps
are generally serrated, without teeth.
They come in many sizes and shapes.
9/8/20199
10. Kelly Forceps
Also termed : Rochester
forceps
Raw material: stainless
steel
Features: either curved or
straight
Use: for gripping and
holding tightly onto tissue,
including rupture blood
vessel 9/8/201910
11. Alligator forceps
Raw material: stainless steel
Use: with their long shaft, are
utilized for retrieving objects from
within and between cavities in the
patients body
Intresting features: the serrated
tips donot damage living tissue.
9/8/201911
12. Biopsy forceps
Raw materials: stainless steel
Features: straight or angled shaft
Uses : grip and hold living tissue
and are chosen when delicate and
precision word is to be performed.
9/8/201912
13. Obstetrical forceps
It is also known as brain forceps, used to help in
fetal delivery for adjusting the position of the head
of the unborn child during delivery.
9/8/201913
14. Cheatles forceps
It is used to remove the hot sterile surgical
instruments from the sterilizer and to place them
to the sterile pouches.
9/8/201914
16. They are used for cutting or dissecting the
tissues, cutting the sutures, bandages, etc.
Surgical scalpels
They are very sharp knives used in surgery
where extremely fine cutting is needed.
9/8/201916
17. Tongue depressor
It is a device used to depress the tongue to allow
examination of mouth and throat.
9/8/201917
18. Surgical needles
•Needles are used for suturing the
tissues.
•Two types:- straight and curved.
•Straight : used while working on the
surface.
•Curved : used while working at the
depth.
•They are round, triangular, flat .
•The curvature may be half circle,
3/8th or 5/8th circle.
9/8/201918
19. Swab holder
It is used to hold a Swab to cleanse the
operational field in the depth.
9/8/201919
20. Urinary catheter
A urinary catheter is any tube system placed in the body
to drain and collect urine from the bladder. There are
three lengths:
Female (20-26cm)
Male or Standard: (40-45cm) and
Paediatric (30-32cm).
Types are:
9/8/201920
21. 9/8/201921
Foleys catheters
•It is a soft plastic or rubber tube i.e. inserted into the bladder
to drain the urine.
•Complications of catheters use may include urinary tract or
kidney infections, blood infection, urethral injury, skin
breakdown, bladder stones and blood in the urine.
23. Suprapubic catheters
It is an indewlling catheter i.e. placed directly into the
bladder through abdomen.
The catheter is inserted above the pubic bone.
9/8/201923
25. Long term (indwelling catheters)
A catheter that is left in place for a period may be attached to a drainage
bag to collect the urine. There are 2 types of drainage bags.
One type is a leg bag, which is a smaller drainage device that attaches
by elastic bands to the leg. Used in day time.
The other type of drainage bag is a larger drainage device that may be
used during the night.
The drainage device must be emptied at least every 8 hrs, or when the
device is full.
Potentials complications
Urine with a strong smells or becomes thick or cloudy.
Fever, chills.
Urethral swelling around the catheters.
Bleeding into or around the catheters.
Catheter draining little or no urine despite adequate fluid intake.
Leakage of large amounts of urine around the catheters.
9/8/201925
27. Endotracheal tube
It is a specific type of tracheal tube that is nearly
always inserted through the mouth (orotracheal) or
nose (nasotracheal).
It is used to deliver oxygen in higher concentrations
than found in air, or to administer other gases such
as helium, nitric oxide, xenon, or certain volatile
anesthetic agents such as desflurane, isoflurane or
sevoflurane.
9/8/201927
31. Syringes
They are instrument meant for injection of parenteral
preparation into the body cavity.
Syringes are devices used to propel drugs into the
body by various routes.
Types
Reusable luer, glass:
This syringes can be used both for injection and
aspiration. It is made up brosilicate glass & available
with glass or stainless steel nozzle and has to be
sterilized before use.
- Available in 2,3,5,ten and 20 ml capacity. 9/8/201931
32. Disposable luer:
This syringe is made of medical grade polypropylene.
It consists of two parts & available in a sterile form
with the luer nozzle. They come in sizes 3,5,ten 20
and 50 ml capacity.
Tuberculin disposable syringes
It is useful for the administration of small dosage of
drugs & available in 0.5 & one ml capacity.
9/8/201932
34. IV cannula
A cannula or IV cannula is a tube that can be
inserted into the body, often for the delivery or
removal of fluids.
Iv cannula is inserted into a vein, primarily for the
administration of intravenous fluids, for obtaining
blood samples & for administrating medicines.
The average cannula size is fourteen to 26 gauge.
Fourteen = large
26= small
9/8/201934
36. Otoscope
An otoscope or auriscope is a medical device which
is used to look into the ears.
Diseases which may be diagnosed by an otoscope
include otitis media and otitis externa, infection of
the middle and outer parts of the ear, respectively.
9/8/201936
38. Opthalmoscope
Opthalmoscopy is a test that allows a health
professional to see inside the fundus of the eye
and other structures using Opthalmoscope or
funduscope.
It is used to detect & evaluate symptoms of retinal
detachment or eye disease such as glaucoma.
9/8/201938
40. Colostomy kit
A colostomy is a surgical procedure where the
colon is by passed and the intestine is re- routed
to an opening on the abdominal wall ( called a
stoma).
A plastic bag is attached to the stoma that
collects feces passing through the intestine as
waste.
9/8/201940
42. Laryngoscope
It is an instrument used to obtain a view of the
vocal fold and glottis.
9/8/201942
43. Contact Lens
Contact lenses are small , lightweight plastic
devices worn on the eye that correct refractive
errors in vision.
A lens is corrective , cosmetic, or therapeutic lens
usually placed on the cornea of the eye. It is also
known as contact.
Many commercial lens are tinted a faint blue to
make them more visible when immersed in
cleaning and storage solution.
9/8/201943
45. Complication
Complication due to contact lens arise roughly in 4 % of contact lens.
Problems associated with contact lens wear may affect the eyelid the
cunjuctiva , the various level of cornea and even the tear film that
covers the outer surface of eye.
Insertion
Contact lens are typically inserted into the eye by placing them on the
index finger with the concave side upward and rising the to touch the
cornea.
Removal
A soft lens may be removed by holding the eyelids open and grasping
the lens with opposing digits.
Care
While daily disposal lens require no cleaning other types requires
regular cleaning and disinfecting in order to retain clear vision and
prevent discomfort and infection.
9/8/201945
46. Nebulizers
A nebulizer is a device that uses compressed air
to deliver medication to people in forms of a liquid
mist to the airway. It is commonly used in treating
cystic fibrosis, asthma and other respiratory
disease.
They are also called atomizers, they pump air or
oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn into
vapor, which is inhaled by the patient
9/8/201946
48. Parts
Nebulizer have three main parts : a cup that holds
the medication, a mouthpiece or mask attached to a
“T” shaped part, and a thin , plastic tube that
connects the mouthpiece to the compressor.
9/8/201948
49. Medical and surgical gloves
Until late in the nineteen century, most surgeons
used to operate with their bare hands.
A few doctors tried cotton or silk gloves but they
proved impractical and impossible to sterilize.
Today, sterile disposable gloves are in common
use by medical personnel.
9/8/201949
51. Nasogastric (NG) tube (Ryle’s
tube)
It is an agent used for nanogastric intubation, a
medical process involving the insertion of a
plastic tube (nasogastric tube/NG tube) through
the nose, past the throat, and down into the
stomach.
It is used for nasogastric introduction for drugs
and other oral agents and aspiration of intestional
secreation or drugs and for minimal quantities of
liquids. A syring is used for injection into the tube.
9/8/201951
55. Surgical Dressings
55
Natural Fibres used for the preparation of Surgical
Dressings obtained from
Plants
Animals
Minerals
Synthetic & other Fibres.
57. Surgical dressings :
Material used alone or in
combination to cover
wound
Protects the wound and
favours its proper healing
Material which holds the
dressing in desired
position………BANDAGE
Made up of fibres.
57
58. Functions
Reduce or prevent
infection
Mechanical support to
the tissues
Protection to healing
wound
58
60. Pharmacopoeial requirements
60
Sterilized before use
Stored in dry, well-ventilated place below 25 C
Permitted antiseptics in prescribed concentrations be
used
Adhesive products not allowed to freeze
No loose threads, fiber ends
o
63. Properties
PH103.8263
• Absorbing wound exudates from the site
• Prevent or combat infection
• Physical protection to wound
• Mechanical support to the surrounding tissues
• Should not adhere to the granulating surface
• Easy to handle at all stages
• Durable
• Free from loose threads, ends or fibres
• Easily sterilised
64. Surgical dressing consists of
PH103.8264
1 Wound facing layer :
Inner layer Closest to the wound containing antiseptics
and healing agents
2 Absorbent layer :
Middle layer absorbs blood or pus or any exudate from
wound
3 Outer layer :
outer layer supports the inner layers
66. Sutures & Ligatures
PH103.8266
Sterile threads or strings specially prepared for use in
surgery.
Sutures used for sewing or stitching together tissues like
skin, muscle or tendon by using Needle.
Ligatures used to tie & constrict
blood vessel vein or artery and no needle is used.
69. Classification
Absorbable sutures :
Absorbed & digested in the
tissues of the body
e.g. surgical catgut,
kangaroo tendon
synthetic absorbable
polymers
Non-absorbable sutures :
Not absorbed, remain in the
body, to be removed after
wound healing.
e.g. Silk cotton nylon
synthetic polyesters
stainless steel
69
70. Absorbable sutures :
70
Surgical catgut :
Sterile strand prepared from collagen healthy
animals like sheep and cattle
Kangaroo tendon :
Prepared from tails of kangaroo
Synthetic polyesters :
Condensed cyclic derivatives of glycolic
acid with cyclic derivatives of lactic acid
high tensile strength degraded by hydrolysis
and absorbed by the tissues
71. Non-absorbable sutures…
71
……..must be removed after wound healing
Silk sutures :
Spinned or twisted fibres into a single strand
smooth and strong
Cotton sutures:
Uniform in size used in critical parts where
strength of suture required for long time
Nylon sutures:
Microfilaments braided into strands strong
water resistant used in skin plastic surgery
72. ………Non-absorbable sutures
72
Linen suture :
Cheap, very strong
no uniformity in diameter
Metallic sutures :
Silver & stainless steel used as surgical aid
monofilaments, twists and braids
73. Sterilisation of sutures
73
Chemical method :
Sterilisation by Iodine solution long time and tedious
Sterilisation by heat :
Boilable method :
Heating in high B.P. liquid like Tolune or Xylene in
glass tube which was sterilised in Autoclave requires
high temperature for drying,suture becomes stiff
need soaking in sterilised water before use
74. Non- boilable method
74
Suture in foil pack or plastic packet in alcohol with little
water heated temperature should not be very high as it
affects its quality.
Irradiation method :
Exposing the suture in finally sealed
container to electron
particles / gamma rays from cobalt 60
sterilisation dose 2.5 mega rads.
75. SUMMARY
75
In this class we learnt about
Surgical dressings :
Properties
Types
Functions
Surgical sutures & ligatures
Types
Properties
Uses
Sterilisation methods
76. Quiz
PH103.8276
Any material that covers, protects and aids in healing
of wound
a) surgical fibre
b) surgical dressing
c) bandage
d) suture
Material that holds and keeps dressing in position
a) surgical dressing
b) bandage
c) suture
d) ligature
77. …..QUIZ
PH103.8277
Sterile threads used for sewing skin and tissues with a
needle
a) dressing
b) bandage
c) suture
d) ligature
Most effective method of sterilisation of surgical
catgut
a) heating with iodine solution
b) autoclaving
c) irradiation
d) hot air oven
78. Questions
PH103.8278
1. Define surgical dressings and classify them with
examples.
2. Classify surgical sutures and ligatures with examples.
3. Define surgical suture and what are the properties of
an ideal suture ?
4. Differentiate the absorbable sutures and non-
absorbable sutures.