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![Occupational Safety & Health Act GENERAL DUTY REQUIREMENT [Section 5(A)(1)] “ Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees, employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/supervisortrainingself-13064358339758-phpapp01-110526141037-phpapp01/85/Supervisor-Training-Self-6-320.jpg)
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Supervisor Training Self
- 1. OSHA and Youas a Supervisor
- 2. Safety Program ObjectivesMoral obligation to PROTECT OUR EMPLOYEES. Reduce injuries and associated cost. Comply with safety & health regulations (OSHA, DLES, FDEP) Avoid increasing premiums. Provide good public image.
- 3. Six Major Componentsof a Safety Program Management Commitment Written Policy and Procedures Worksite Inspection and Audit Programs Employee Training. Accident Reporting and Investigation. Performance Measuring System.
- 4. Keys to aSuccessful Employer Safety Program Management Commitment and Involvement. Safety Committee. Safety & Health Training. First Aid Procedures. Accident Investigation. Recordkeeping Procedures. Safety Rules, Policies, and Procedures.
- 5. “ Why BeConcerned With Accidents?”
- 6. Occupational Safety &Health Act GENERAL DUTY REQUIREMENT [Section 5(A)(1)] “ Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees, employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees”
- 7. Safety Performance DeficienciesPhysical Deficiencies Poor eyesight Hearing Impaired Degenerative Back Condition Gait Problems or Coordination Knowledge Deficiencies Lacks skills for the job Fails on how to do the job Fails on when to do the job
- 8. Safety Performance DeficienciesExecution Deficiencies Lack of Feedback when Improperly doing the Job! Fails to Recognize the Balance of Consequences of Behavior! Organizational Deficiencies Lack of Management/Organization Preparation Failure to Deal with Issues (Complex) Inability to Create/Manage Organizational Change
- 9. Accident Causation CaseStudy* Causation Physical Deficiency 21% Condition Deficiency 21% Execution Deficiency 58% Personal Organizational Quality of Supervisor Investigation Poor 55% Fair 27% Good 18% The supervisor is the key to any Safety Program Success ! * Statistics from SFWMD 1994
- 10. Accident Causation How to Recognize Problems UNSAFE ACTS (BEHAVIORS) Failure to wear PPE Using defective Tools or Equipment Making Safety Devices Inoperable Working on Moving or Rotating Equipment
- 11. Accident Causation How to Recognize Problems UNSAFE CONDITIONS Inadequate Guarding Unsafe Design or Construction Unsafe Illumination or Lighting Hazardous Arrangement
- 12. Accident Causation How to Recognize Problems ACTS OF GOD (UNEXPLAINED EVENTS) Lightning Strike Natural Disaster
- 13. Accident Causation Failureto Understand Consequences of Behavior (Organizational Effects) Execution Deficiencies Organizational Culture Failure to Understand Consequences of Act (Personal Effects) Supervisory & Peer Group Response Civil Litigation WC Costs Insurance Premiums Decrease in Productivity Injury, Repairs, Property Damage, Down Time
- 14. Safety Management [BehaviorBased Safety] Identify Critical Behaviors Measurement Through Observation Performance Feedback
- 15. Organizational Responsibilities OrganizationalStructure . . . “Responsible Roles” Management Commitment Safety Program Manager Employees SUPERVISOR
- 16. Management Responsibilities Commitfunding to the Safety Program. Assign a person the authority/accountability for the Safety Program. Allow time expenditures for Safety to function. Commit to a Safety Policy. Actively support the Safety Program.
- 17. Management Support “Types of Managerial Support” Cost Analysis. OSHA regulatory compliance. Employer/Labor relations. Activities (Safety Awareness Day, Safety Training).
- 18. Occupational Safety RegulationsFederal OSHA Act - 1970 National Fire Codes - State and Local American National Standards (ANSI) Federal/State Environmental Regulations
- 19. Supervisor Responsibilities ImplementSafety Rules and Procedures. Train new and existing employees on safety. Inspect for compliance with safe work practices and conditions. Report all accidents. Develop Job Hazard Analysis for each operational task(s). Determine if employees are capable of operating equipment or machinery safely. Hold safety meetings with their Sections. Discuss safety with each individual employee including receiving complaints and or concerns.
- 20. Safety Policies, Procedures,& Rules Establishes standardized Rules & Procedures (Good Policy establishes the Department and District philosophies and expectation for safe practices and conditions.) Identifies responsibility and accountability (Who is responsible for what action or task.) Establishes a clear, concise message to employees (It makes it easier for employees to follow the rules.) Establishes consequences for non-compliance (Good policy allows for easier enforcement of safe rules and practices.)
- 21. Hazard Identification andAnalysis Facility, Equipment, & Operation Inspections Job Hazard Analysis Preventative Maintenance Industrial Hygiene Evaluations Medical Monitoring Safety Audits Foreseeability of Use Probability of Harm or Injury Who are the Users of this Area, Task, or Operation Identification of the Obvious Dangers Identification of the Hidden Dangers Identify Standards Pertinent to Hazards Determine the Magnitude of the Risk Frequency of Use
- 22. Job Safety AnalysisSelect the Job to be analyzed Break the Job down into successive steps Identify the hazards and potential accidents Develop ways to eliminate the hazards and prevent potential accidents Selection of Jobs to be analyzed Establish a timetable Checking progress Providing guidance Reviewing JSAs Approval of JSAs Distribution of JSAs Basic Steps of JSA Management Guidance
- 23. Types of HazardControl Programs Developing written Standard Operating (Safety) Procedures Engineering Hazard Control into design (#1 method to minimize accidents) Developing employee training programs to recognize and to avoid the hazard Chemical substitution of less hazardous product Ergonomic design of matching the person to the task Purchasing products and equipment to avoid hazards Job rotation to avoid prolong exposures or related trauma
- 24. Safety Training ProgramsTRAINING - Who Should Receive Safety Training New employees Transfer employees Hazardous Operations Problematic employees Conducting Safety Training Explain the Task and Hazards Show HOW TO DO the job correctly Have the employee demonstrate the task Provide FEEDBACK and CORRECTIVE MEASURES
- 25. OSHA Mandatory TrainingRequirements 1910.38 “Employee Emergency Plans and Fire Prevention 1910.120 “Hazardous Waste Operations/Emergency Response 1910.134 (1926.103) “Respiratory Protection” 1910.151 “Medical Service and First Aid” 1910.1000 “Toxic Materials” 1910.1200 “Hazard Communications” 1926.21 “Safety Training and Education” 1926.58 “Asbestos”
- 26. Safety Performance MeasurementSystems Incident Rates (Accountable Cases/Loss time injury) Experience Modification Rating (Worker’s Compensation) Cost per WC Claim for each accident type Total WC cost for the District Total number of Safety Inspections Total number of contact Safety Training Hours
- 27. Closing Summary ClearPolicy on Employee Safety Establishment of a Safety and Risk Management Program Appointment of a Safety Program Coordinator with the authority and responsibility Ensure adequate funding and resources are available Understand duties, liabilities, and exposures under safety laws and regulations Perform safety and health audits for hazard identification and control Establish a worker safety program which fosters an active participation from employees Safety First
- 28. Safety Program ImplementationThink Safety And It Will Become Habit “ At the Top!”
Editor's Notes
- #2 I. Title Slide and Introduction A. This presentation discusses the framework of a typical Safety Program. Specific job hazards and relevant training needs will be identified by the students.
- #3 I. B. Safety Program Objectives 1. Protect employees from injury & illness Protect supervisors and employees from liability and losses 2. Reduce injuries and costs: Direct / immediate costs - lost efficiency, Workers’ Comp. claims, property damage, etc... Indirect / delayed costs - worker disability, employee morale, task avoidance, etc.. 3. Comply with regulations: OSHA, Dept. of Labor & Employment Security, FDEP, & others 4. Reduce lost time: such as sick leave and supervisor’s time for dealing with injuries and illnesses. 5. Provide good public image: Employer loses credibility with the public if we cannot keep our own employees safe in their work environment.
- #4 I. C. Safety Policies, Procedures, & Rules: Reasons for a Safety Policy 1. Establishes standardized rules & procedures - provides consistency throughout 2. Responsibility & accountability are tools for prevention and correction of safety problems 3. The remaining three components are ongoing, regular parts of supervisory duties.
- #5 III. B. The FL Division of Safety and Rule 38I-15.005, F.A.C. 1. Requirements of the Division and the Rule include: - management involvement - a Safety Committee with regular duties - safety & health training , both initially and as needed throughout employment - first aid procedures - accident investigation procedures - recordkeeping on training, accidents, etc.. - establishment of safety rules, policies, and practices C. The Health and Safety Manual addresses the required items. “ Prevention of occupational-induced injuries and illnesses is of such consequence that it will be given precedence over operating productivity”
- #6 VI. Component 5: Accident Reporting and Investigation A. Why be Concerned with Accidents? 1. Reasons previously discussed, including moral obligation, liability, public image 2. Accidents can indicate lack of compliance with regulatory requirements 3. Accident prevention and Loss control Management are closely tied. Accidents cause losses in employee work time, supervisory time, property loss or damage, and other costs
- #7 III. Component 2: Written Policies and Procedures A. Occupational Safety and Health Act The General Duty Requirement statement applies to all.
- #8 VI. C. Safety Performance Deficiencies that contribute to Accidents 1. Physical deficiencies - poor eyesight - impaired hearing - degenerative back condition - gait problems or coordination - other conditions that may impair performance (asthma, arthritis, epilepsy, etc...) NOTE: Employees should recognize what chronic or intermittent conditions they may have that could increase the risk of accident on the job, and they should discuss such issues with their supervisors. Supervisors must take care that their efforts to protect employees with impairments do not result in discrimination prohibited by the Americans with Disabilities Act. 2. Knowledge deficiencies - lack of skills or failure to do the job with proper procedures or at the right time - calls for retraining the employee, and possibly review of the supervisor’s training technique
- #9 VI. C. Safety Performance Deficiencies that contribute to Accidents, cont. 3. Execution deficiencies - lack of supervisory feedback when a job is improperly done - employee does not recognize the consequences to self and others 4. Organizational deficiencies - lack of preparation (Safety Program not implemented) - failure to address complex issues - inability to create or manage organizational change
- #10 VI. D. Accident Causation: Case Study 1. Case study of ????????????????????????? 2. Findings: Causes of Accidents by Type of Deficiency - 21% of accidents were due to physical performance deficiencies of employees - 21% of accidents were due to unsafe conditions - 58% of accidents were due to execution deficiencies (lack of feedback, failure of employee to recognize consequences, lack of management/organizational preparation or issue resolution) 3. Findings: Quality of Supervisory Investigation - poor in 55% of cases - fair in 27% of cases THESE NUMBERS INDICATE AN - good in 18% of cases EXECUTION DEFICIENCY
- #11 VI. C. Accident Causation: How to Recognize Problems One of the questions on the supervisors’ Accident Report Form asks what factors contributed to the accident - supervisors should be prepared to recognize these types of problems: 1. Unsafe acts or behaviors - failure or refusal to wear Personal Protective Equipment - using defective tools or equipment - tampering with safety devices or making them inoperable - working on equipment that is still moving or rotating
- #12 VI. B. Accident Causation: How to Recognize Problems 2. Unsafe Conditions - inadequate guarding of moving parts, lack of railings or barriers - unsafe design or construction - unsafe illumination/lighting - too bright, too dim. too uneven or directional - hazardous arrangement of equipment, tools, furniture, wires, etc..
- #13 VI. B. Accident Causation: How to Recognize Problems 3. Acts of God - lightning striking employee, equipment, or vicinity - natural disasters such as hurricanes, flooding, etc..
- #14 VI. D. Accident Causation: Specific Execution Deficiencies
- #15 V. C. Safety Management (Behavioral Management) - Ongoing Follow-up 1. Supervisors should be alert for critical behaviors that increase risk. Such behaviors may develop as a result of either too little or too much familiarity with the task or equipment. 2. Supervisor measures safety performance through observation of accident rates, execution of procedures, equipment condition, or other indicators 3. Supervisor provides both positive and negative performance feedback and additional training needed by the employee
- #16 II. Component 1: Management Commitment A. Organizational Responsibilities 1. The organization must: - allocate responsible roles to specific positions in the organizational structure - state and follow through on support of the Safety Program - designate a Safety Program Coordinator - train supervisors - provide resources for training employees - initiated supervisor training
- #17 II. B. Management Responsibilities 1. Management must: - commit funding - assign authority and responsibility - allow employee & supervisor time expenditures for the Safety Program to function - commit to a Safety Policy - actively support the Safety Program 2. The Employer should: - provided funding for resources, equipment, and supplies - defined duties & tasks for specific positions - allocated time for annual Safety Awareness Days & safety program development - planned to adopt a Health and Safety Manual, which states: “ ...it is a basic requirement that each supervisor make the safety of all employees an integral part of their regular management function”
- #19 III. D. Occupational Safety Regulations that apply 1. Federal OSHA Act of 1970 2. Florida Division of Safety created in 1993, adopted OSHA rules in 1995 3. National, state, and local fire codes - The SED Office Emergency Bill has been distributed. It details fire and other emergency procedures. 4. American National Standards (ANSI) dealing with personal protective equipment (PPE) 5. Federal & state environmental regulations
- #20 III. F. Supervisor Responsibilities under a Safety Program 1. Implement safety rules and procedures at all levels: job-specific, Program Area-specific, and Agency-wide 2. Train employees: some specific training topics are detailed in the manual; supervisors must document training as described in the manual 3. Conduct safety inspections quarterly or more often as needed 4. Report all accidents and conduct accident investigations per the manual 5. Develop a Job Hazard Analysis (Job Safety Analysis) for each task supervised and inform employees in writing of hidden dangers 6. Determine employee ability to operate equipment safely , and be alert to daily variations caused by cold medications, fatigue, stress, etc. 7. Hold safety meetings with their sections on a continual basis. 8. Discuss safety with each employee and be receptive to concerns and comments.
- #21 I. C. Safety Policies, Procedures, & Rules: Reasons for a Safety Policy 1. Establishes standardized rules & procedures - provides consistency throughout 2. Responsibility & accountability are tools for prevention and correction of safety problems
- #22 IV. Component 3: Worksite Inspection and Audit Program A. Hazard Identification and Job Safety Analysis: Tools and Methods 1. Inspections of facilities, equipment, operations 2. Job Hazard Analysis / Job Safety Analysis and follow-up 3. Preventive maintenance of equipment 4. Industrial hygiene evaluations 5. Medical monitoring for career employees & OPS in applicable Monitoring categories 6. Safety Audits performed periodically and after accidents
- #23 IV. C. Job Safety Analysis: Basic Steps 1. Select a job to be analyzed by priority , based on risk level and previous accidents 2. Break the job into successive steps for closer examination 3. Identify hazards and potential accidents, using knowledge and safety resource materials 4. Develop ways to reduce or eliminate hazards , using knowledge and safety resources D. Job Safety Analysis: Management Guidance to be Provided to Supervisors 1. Selecting jobs to be analyzed 2. Establishing a timetable for completion and checking progress 3. Providing guidance on specific questions, providing training for supervisors 4. Reviewing, approving, and distributing JSAs
- #24 IV. E. Types of Hazard Control Strategies 1. Develop written Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) that incorporate safety and make employee compliance mandatory 2. Engineering hazard control into design - this is the most effective approach because it does not depend on employee alertness, skill, or knowledge 3. Training must prepare employees to recognize and avoid hazards in performing their jobs, with cross-training between Sections such as Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste.
- #25 V. Component 4: Employee Safety Training Program A. Identify Who Needs Training 1. New or transfer employees or those with new tasks, equipment, or procedures 2. Employees engaged in hazardous operations 3. Problematic employees identified by their poor safety performance or relevant factors B. Conducting Safety Training 1. Explain the task, procedures and proper equipment use, and the associated hazards 2. Demonstrate the proper procedures 3. Have the employee demonstrate the proper procedures back to the supervisor 4. Provide feedback and correction of improper or unsafe procedures
- #26 III. E. OSHA-mandated Training Requirements 1. OSHA also requires training on radiation, hearing, & confined-space hazards. 2. OSHA Electrical Safety Orders are also applicable.
- #27 VII. Component 6: Safety Performance Measurement Systems Some of the options management can consider to evaluate compliance with or success of the Safety Program
- #28 VIII. Summary A. Tasks for Management 1. Establish a clear policy on employee safety 2. Establish a safety and risk management program 3. Appoint a Safety Program Coordinator with appropriate authority and responsibilities 4. Ensure adequate funding and resources , including time expenditures B. Tasks for Supervisors 1. Understand duties, liabilities, and exposures under safety laws and regulations 2. Perform safety and health audits for hazard identification and control 3. Establish a worker safety program based on the Health and Safety Manual and supplemental materials, and foster active participation from employees
- #29 THE END