This document discusses the key elements of subject matter and characterization in naturalistic fiction. It notes that naturalistic works typically deal with unpleasant experiences that reduce characters from lower social classes to degrading behavior as they struggle to survive. Though their lives seem dull, these characters sometimes exhibit passionate acts of violence and death. While characters are conditioned by their environment and heredity, naturalists aim to represent how controlling forces intermingle with individual worth, not dehumanizing their characters. The difference between naturalism and realism is that naturalistic characters have little free will and are at the mercy of external and internal forces, presented objectively, whereas realistic characters retain some degree of free choice over their situations.
Lualhati Torres Bautista (born December 2, 1945) is one of the foremost Filipino female novelists in the history of contemporary Philippine Literature. Her novels include Dekada '70, Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?, and ‘GAPÔ.
Lualhati Torres Bautista (born December 2, 1945) is one of the foremost Filipino female novelists in the history of contemporary Philippine Literature. Her novels include Dekada '70, Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?, and ‘GAPÔ.
Ang panitikan ay isa sa mga pinakamahalagang sining ng ating kultura. Sa bawat pahina ng isang akda, natatanggap natin ang mga karanasan at kwento ng mga tao mula sa nakaraan, kasalukuyan, at maging sa hinaharap.
It is best to know the branches of literature since it evolves and involves our everyday life that connects individuals with larger truths and ideas in a society as it creates a way for people to record their thoughts and experiences that is accessible to others, through fictionalized accounts of the experience.
Ang panitikan ay isa sa mga pinakamahalagang sining ng ating kultura. Sa bawat pahina ng isang akda, natatanggap natin ang mga karanasan at kwento ng mga tao mula sa nakaraan, kasalukuyan, at maging sa hinaharap.
It is best to know the branches of literature since it evolves and involves our everyday life that connects individuals with larger truths and ideas in a society as it creates a way for people to record their thoughts and experiences that is accessible to others, through fictionalized accounts of the experience.
What is literature ?
Literature is a term use to describe written or spoken material. The term is most commonly used to refer to words of the creative imagination including works of poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. Literature is the art of written works. It is the body of written works of a language period or culture. Literature is published in written works in a particular style or particular subject. Literature is the mirror of life. Our life and all the subject are related to our life is the subject matter or element of literature. So we can get the touch of our life trough literature.Etymologically, literature has to do with letters,the written as opposed to the spoken word, though not everything that is written down is literature.
What is the function of literature ?
As based conception, Aristoteles in “poetic’ that the function of literature is called “catharsis the primary functions of literature are to delight the reader, and heighten his awareness of life. The subsidiary functions are ‘propaganda’, ‘release’ and ‘escape’; but they are subordinated to the primary creative functions of literature.Propaganda literature’ must be distinguished from mere propaganda in which there is nothing creative. The writer of mere propaganda is simply concerned to popularize facts, ideas, and emotions with which he is familiar. But propaganda that is literature is a creative influence irradiating and transforming the writer’s experience.‘Release literature’ is that in which the dominant motive of the writer is simply the assuagement of starved needs, the release of pent-up forces in the personality. Romances, detective stories, thrillers, poems etc.
Literature also provides ‘escape’ from the grim realities of life, and many people read to escape boredom. The higher type of literature helps the reader to escape from trivial reality into significant reality.
Element of Narrative
Conceptual elements ( surface facts )
Actions – events and the sequence ( plot )
Character ‘ agent of motivation
setting – point of reference
Mode of narration ( expressive devices )
Point of view - focus of the narrator knowledge and values
Style - focus of the author’s atittudes and values
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2. The subject matter:
• The subject matter deals with those raw and unpleasant
experiences which reduce characters to "degrading" behavior in
their struggle to survive. These characters are mostly from the
lower middle or the lower classes - they are poor, uneducated,
and unsophisticated.
• The milieu is the commonplace and the unheroic; life is usually
the dull round of daily existence. But the naturalist discovers
those qualities in such characters usually associated with the
heroic or adventurous - acts of violence and passion leading to
desperate moments and violent death. The suggestion is that life
on its lowest levels is not so simple as it seems to be.
• There is discussion of fate and "hubris" that affect a character;
generally the controlling force is society and the surrounding
environment.
3. Concepts of a naturalistic character:
• Characters are conditioned and controlled by environment,
heredity, chance, or instinct; but they have compensating
humanistic values which affirm their individuality and life -
their struggle for life becomes heroic and they maintain human
dignity.
• The Naturalists attempt to represent the intermingling in life
of the controlling forces and individual worth. They do not
dehumanize their characters.
• "The primary goal of the late nineteenth-century American
Naturalists was not to demonstrate the overwhelming and
oppressive reality of the material forces present in our lives.
Their attempt, rather, was to represent the intermingling in
life of controlling forces and individual worth. The Naturalists
do not dehumanize man." - Pizer
4. Difference between Naturalism and
Realism:
• Characters - Realism characters have some degree of free will
which they are able to exercise over their situations -Naturalism
assumes that characters have little if any free will and/or control
over what happens to them.
• Naturalism - things happen to people who are at the mercy of a
variety of external and internal forces - their movements are
entirely determined by forces beyond their control
• Naturalists present their subject matter objectively - they do not
comment upon the morality or the fairness of situations in which
their characters find themselves