Submit Search
Upload
Study on Microstructure and Durability Properties of Concrete with Different Mineral Admixtures
•
1 like
•
240 views
IRJET Journal
Follow
https://irjet.net/archives/V4/i7/IRJET-V4I7366.pdf
Read less
Read more
Engineering
Report
Share
Report
Share
1 of 10
Download now
Download to read offline
Recommended
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE USING GGBS AN...
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE USING GGBS AN...
AM Publications
EFFECT ON STRENGTH AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE INCORPORATING GRANIT...
EFFECT ON STRENGTH AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE INCORPORATING GRANIT...
IAEME Publication
Industrial byproducts
Industrial byproducts
Alwis Deva Kirupa J P
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR
Chandan Kumar.D
RESIDUAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE AT ELEVATED TEMPERA...
RESIDUAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE AT ELEVATED TEMPERA...
Ijripublishers Ijri
Study On Concrete Using Marble Powder Waste As Partial Replacement Of Sand
Study On Concrete Using Marble Powder Waste As Partial Replacement Of Sand
IJERA Editor
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET Journal
Recommended
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE USING GGBS AN...
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE USING GGBS AN...
AM Publications
EFFECT ON STRENGTH AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE INCORPORATING GRANIT...
EFFECT ON STRENGTH AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE INCORPORATING GRANIT...
IAEME Publication
Industrial byproducts
Industrial byproducts
Alwis Deva Kirupa J P
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR ON CEMENT MORTAR
Chandan Kumar.D
RESIDUAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE AT ELEVATED TEMPERA...
RESIDUAL COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF TERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE AT ELEVATED TEMPERA...
Ijripublishers Ijri
Study On Concrete Using Marble Powder Waste As Partial Replacement Of Sand
Study On Concrete Using Marble Powder Waste As Partial Replacement Of Sand
IJERA Editor
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET-Study on Strength and Durability Aspects of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET - Experimental Studies on Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete
IRJET Journal
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
IJERA Editor
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
IJERD Editor
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
IRJET Journal
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
hsaam hsaam
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
IJERA Editor
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
IRJET Journal
Granite cutting dust
Granite cutting dust
Nagaraj Sajjan
20320130406019 2
20320130406019 2
IAEME Publication
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
IAEME Publication
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
Alwis Deva Kirupa J P
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
IAEME Publication
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
IJLT EMAS
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
ijtsrd
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
IRJET Journal
A Study on Green Concrete
A Study on Green Concrete
IRJET Journal
GGBS
GGBS
Avinash Shaw
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
IRJET Journal
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
IRJET Journal
More Related Content
What's hot
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
IJERA Editor
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
IJERD Editor
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
IRJET Journal
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
hsaam hsaam
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
IJERA Editor
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
IRJET Journal
Granite cutting dust
Granite cutting dust
Nagaraj Sajjan
20320130406019 2
20320130406019 2
IAEME Publication
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
IAEME Publication
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
Alwis Deva Kirupa J P
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
IAEME Publication
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
IJLT EMAS
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
ijtsrd
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
IRJET Journal
A Study on Green Concrete
A Study on Green Concrete
IRJET Journal
GGBS
GGBS
Avinash Shaw
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
IRJET Journal
What's hot
(20)
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
Partial Replacement of Cement with Marble Dust Powder
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
Partial Replacement of Cement by Saw Dust Ash in Concrete A Sustainable Approach
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
IRJET- Role of Lime Stone Powder & Glass Powder Fly Ash Concrete : An Experim...
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
Using fly ash as replacement of cement & aggregate
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
Study of Concrete by Replacing Fine Aggregate by ETP Sludge of TiO2
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Coarse and Fine Aggregate by Mosaic Tile Ch...
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
IRJET- Partial Replacement of Sand with Sawdust in Concrete
Granite cutting dust
Granite cutting dust
20320130406019 2
20320130406019 2
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
Geopolymer concrete an earth friendly concrete very promising in the industr
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
2015.11 pov kirupa_sakthieswaran
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
DURABILITY STUDIES OF GGBS AND METAKAOLIN BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE Ijciet 08...
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
Effect of flyash on the properties of concrete and construction materials
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
Experimental Study on Rubberized Concrete
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
IRJET- Making Concrete Better: Addition of Glass Powder to Enhance Concre...
A Study on Green Concrete
A Study on Green Concrete
GGBS
GGBS
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Properties of Light Weight Foam Concrete
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET- A Review on Bio-Self-Cured Marble Powder based Concrete
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
IRJET- A Review on Behaviour of ECO Green Concrete in Construction Industry
Similar to Study on Microstructure and Durability Properties of Concrete with Different Mineral Admixtures
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
IRJET Journal
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
IRJET Journal
IRJET - Utilization of Waste Material to Make Green Concrete
IRJET - Utilization of Waste Material to Make Green Concrete
IRJET Journal
IRJET - Flexural Behaviour on Fiber Reinforced Bubble Deck Beam with Recycled...
IRJET - Flexural Behaviour on Fiber Reinforced Bubble Deck Beam with Recycled...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- A Study of Properties of Concrete Making Partial Replacement of Cement...
IRJET- A Study of Properties of Concrete Making Partial Replacement of Cement...
IRJET Journal
An Experimental Study of Basalt Chopped Fibers Reinforced Concrete with Repla...
An Experimental Study of Basalt Chopped Fibers Reinforced Concrete with Repla...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Properties of Pervious Concrete (No Fine ...
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Properties of Pervious Concrete (No Fine ...
IRJET Journal
IRJET-Analysis on Mix Design of High Strength Concrete (M100)
IRJET-Analysis on Mix Design of High Strength Concrete (M100)
IRJET Journal
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Air Entrained Mortar by Utilising Lather Agent
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Air Entrained Mortar by Utilising Lather Agent
IRJET Journal
Comparative Study of Concrete by Using Glass Powder and Coconut Shell Ash by ...
Comparative Study of Concrete by Using Glass Powder and Coconut Shell Ash by ...
IRJET Journal
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...
IRJET Journal
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Geo-Polymer Concrete Incorp...
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Geo-Polymer Concrete Incorp...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- An Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete by the Additio...
IRJET- An Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete by the Additio...
IRJET Journal
Green Concrete for better Sustainable Environment
Green Concrete for better Sustainable Environment
IRJET Journal
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SAP ON CONCRETE
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SAP ON CONCRETE
IRJET Journal
A Study on Behavior of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate wi...
A Study on Behavior of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate wi...
IRJET Journal
Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Partial Replac...
Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Partial Replac...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacemen...
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacemen...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS or GGBFS) and Flyash in...
IRJET- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS or GGBFS) and Flyash in...
IRJET Journal
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in Concrete
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in Concrete
IRJET Journal
Similar to Study on Microstructure and Durability Properties of Concrete with Different Mineral Admixtures
(20)
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
IRJET- Experimental Study on Optimum Mix Design for Pervious Concrete
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
Experimental Analysis of Partial Replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement in C...
IRJET - Utilization of Waste Material to Make Green Concrete
IRJET - Utilization of Waste Material to Make Green Concrete
IRJET - Flexural Behaviour on Fiber Reinforced Bubble Deck Beam with Recycled...
IRJET - Flexural Behaviour on Fiber Reinforced Bubble Deck Beam with Recycled...
IRJET- A Study of Properties of Concrete Making Partial Replacement of Cement...
IRJET- A Study of Properties of Concrete Making Partial Replacement of Cement...
An Experimental Study of Basalt Chopped Fibers Reinforced Concrete with Repla...
An Experimental Study of Basalt Chopped Fibers Reinforced Concrete with Repla...
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Properties of Pervious Concrete (No Fine ...
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Properties of Pervious Concrete (No Fine ...
IRJET-Analysis on Mix Design of High Strength Concrete (M100)
IRJET-Analysis on Mix Design of High Strength Concrete (M100)
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Air Entrained Mortar by Utilising Lather Agent
IRJET- An Experimental Study on Air Entrained Mortar by Utilising Lather Agent
Comparative Study of Concrete by Using Glass Powder and Coconut Shell Ash by ...
Comparative Study of Concrete by Using Glass Powder and Coconut Shell Ash by ...
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...
An Experimental Investigation on Self Compacting Concrete with Artificial Fin...
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Geo-Polymer Concrete Incorp...
An Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Geo-Polymer Concrete Incorp...
IRJET- An Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete by the Additio...
IRJET- An Experimental Investigation on Properties of Concrete by the Additio...
Green Concrete for better Sustainable Environment
Green Concrete for better Sustainable Environment
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SAP ON CONCRETE
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF SAP ON CONCRETE
A Study on Behavior of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate wi...
A Study on Behavior of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate wi...
Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Partial Replac...
Study of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Containing Silica Fume as Partial Replac...
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacemen...
IRJET- Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete with Partial Replacemen...
IRJET- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS or GGBFS) and Flyash in...
IRJET- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS or GGBFS) and Flyash in...
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in Concrete
IRJET- Crushed Plastic Waste in Concrete
More from IRJET Journal
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
IRJET Journal
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
IRJET Journal
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
IRJET Journal
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
IRJET Journal
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
IRJET Journal
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
IRJET Journal
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
IRJET Journal
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
IRJET Journal
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
IRJET Journal
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
IRJET Journal
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
IRJET Journal
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
IRJET Journal
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
IRJET Journal
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
IRJET Journal
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
IRJET Journal
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
IRJET Journal
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
IRJET Journal
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
IRJET Journal
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
IRJET Journal
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
IRJET Journal
More from IRJET Journal
(20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Recently uploaded
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-5 NC MACHINE TOOLS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-5 NC MACHINE TOOLS
SIVASHANKAR N
result management system report for college project
result management system report for college project
Tonystark477637
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
ranjana rawat
(SHREYA) Chakan Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(SHREYA) Chakan Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
ranjana rawat
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-2 LATHE MACHINE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-2 LATHE MACHINE
SIVASHANKAR N
Call Girls Service Nashik Vaishnavi 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Nashik
Call Girls Service Nashik Vaishnavi 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Nashik
Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
Sheet Pile Wall Design and Construction: A Practical Guide for Civil Engineer...
Sheet Pile Wall Design and Construction: A Practical Guide for Civil Engineer...
Dr.Costas Sachpazis
VIP Call Girls Ankleshwar 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Ankleshwar 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
dharasingh5698
UNIT-II FMM-Flow Through Circular Conduits
UNIT-II FMM-Flow Through Circular Conduits
rknatarajan
UNIT-V FMM.HYDRAULIC TURBINE - Construction and working
UNIT-V FMM.HYDRAULIC TURBINE - Construction and working
rknatarajan
The Most Attractive Pune Call Girls Manchar 8250192130 Will You Miss This Cha...
The Most Attractive Pune Call Girls Manchar 8250192130 Will You Miss This Cha...
ranjana rawat
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and their Importance.pptx
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and their Importance.pptx
Asutosh Ranjan
Extrusion Processes and Their Limitations
Extrusion Processes and Their Limitations
120cr0395
Call Girls in Nagpur Suman Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Suman Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-1 THEORY OF METAL CUTTING
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-1 THEORY OF METAL CUTTING
SIVASHANKAR N
Introduction to IEEE STANDARDS and its different types.pptx
Introduction to IEEE STANDARDS and its different types.pptx
upamatechverse
(INDIRA) Call Girl Aurangabad Call Now 8617697112 Aurangabad Escorts 24x7
(INDIRA) Call Girl Aurangabad Call Now 8617697112 Aurangabad Escorts 24x7
Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile Call Girls
Porous Ceramics seminar and technical writing
Porous Ceramics seminar and technical writing
rakeshbaidya232001
AKTU Computer Networks notes --- Unit 3.pdf
AKTU Computer Networks notes --- Unit 3.pdf
ankushspencer015
Booking open Available Pune Call Girls Koregaon Park 6297143586 Call Hot Ind...
Booking open Available Pune Call Girls Koregaon Park 6297143586 Call Hot Ind...
Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
Recently uploaded
(20)
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-5 NC MACHINE TOOLS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-5 NC MACHINE TOOLS
result management system report for college project
result management system report for college project
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
High Profile Call Girls Nagpur Isha Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
(SHREYA) Chakan Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
(SHREYA) Chakan Call Girls Just Call 7001035870 [ Cash on Delivery ] Pune Esc...
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-2 LATHE MACHINE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-2 LATHE MACHINE
Call Girls Service Nashik Vaishnavi 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Nashik
Call Girls Service Nashik Vaishnavi 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Nashik
Sheet Pile Wall Design and Construction: A Practical Guide for Civil Engineer...
Sheet Pile Wall Design and Construction: A Practical Guide for Civil Engineer...
VIP Call Girls Ankleshwar 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
VIP Call Girls Ankleshwar 7001035870 Whatsapp Number, 24/07 Booking
UNIT-II FMM-Flow Through Circular Conduits
UNIT-II FMM-Flow Through Circular Conduits
UNIT-V FMM.HYDRAULIC TURBINE - Construction and working
UNIT-V FMM.HYDRAULIC TURBINE - Construction and working
The Most Attractive Pune Call Girls Manchar 8250192130 Will You Miss This Cha...
The Most Attractive Pune Call Girls Manchar 8250192130 Will You Miss This Cha...
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and their Importance.pptx
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion and their Importance.pptx
Extrusion Processes and Their Limitations
Extrusion Processes and Their Limitations
Call Girls in Nagpur Suman Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
Call Girls in Nagpur Suman Call 7001035870 Meet With Nagpur Escorts
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-1 THEORY OF METAL CUTTING
MANUFACTURING PROCESS-II UNIT-1 THEORY OF METAL CUTTING
Introduction to IEEE STANDARDS and its different types.pptx
Introduction to IEEE STANDARDS and its different types.pptx
(INDIRA) Call Girl Aurangabad Call Now 8617697112 Aurangabad Escorts 24x7
(INDIRA) Call Girl Aurangabad Call Now 8617697112 Aurangabad Escorts 24x7
Porous Ceramics seminar and technical writing
Porous Ceramics seminar and technical writing
AKTU Computer Networks notes --- Unit 3.pdf
AKTU Computer Networks notes --- Unit 3.pdf
Booking open Available Pune Call Girls Koregaon Park 6297143586 Call Hot Ind...
Booking open Available Pune Call Girls Koregaon Park 6297143586 Call Hot Ind...
Study on Microstructure and Durability Properties of Concrete with Different Mineral Admixtures
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1714 STUDY ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH DIFFERENT MINERAL ADMIXTURES Prakash S Bhure M-tech student, department of civil engineering(computer aided structural engineering), REVA University, Bangalore. ------------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT - Concrete is the most used material in the world next to water and food materials. It is the evidence for the civilization. But the production of concrete leading to environmental degradation and pollution since it involves emission of CO2, which is the one of the reason for global warming. And the industries such as thermal power plants and steel manufacturing industries produces lots of fly ash and GGBS. The mineral admixtures such as fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS) are currently using as supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) to reduce cost and environmental pollution associated with the production The main objective of present study is to investigate the effect of Fly ash and GGBS on chemical, mechanical, durable and micro structural properties.The concrete mixes were prepared by replacing 30% of cement with fly ash, GGBS and 1.2% super plasticizer (conplast SP430) and water to cement ratio 0.45 was maintained for mix design of M35 grade concrete. This study investigates the performance of concrete in terms of compressive strength at 3, 7, 28 days. durability proprties such as water absorption and sorptivity at age of 28 days. Advanced technique such as scanning electron microscope(SCM) and X-ray computed tomography(X-CT) were used to understand the effect of Fly ash and GGBS on morphology and porosity of concrete. From the present study it can be conclude that with the addition of super plastizer and mineral admixtures the compressive strength of GGBS mix was comparatively more than the compressive strength of fly ash mix. With respect to water absorption and sorptivity tests GGBS mix showed better results than the fly ash mix. From the SEM and X-CT images it is observed that concrete with GGBS improves the micro structural properties such as morphology and porosity of concrete. Keywords: Fly ash, GGBS, compressive strength, water absorption, Sorptivity, SEM, X-CT. 1. INTRODUCTION: Concrete is a standout amongst the most broadly utilized development material on the planet. The most expensive ingredient of ordinary concrete is undoubtedly cement, both economically and environmentally. It is also noticed that due to production of cement every year several million tonnes of CO2 is releasing to environment, in order to overcome all these adverse effect supplementary cementitious materials. supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) for example, Fly ash, Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) are utilized as incomplete substitution of cement. The global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), to the atmosphere by human activities. The cement industry is held responsible for some of the CO2 emissions, because the production of one ton of Portland cement emits approximately one ton of CO2 into the atmosphere. However, Portland cement is still the main binder in concrete construction prompting a search for more environmentally friendly materials. Several efforts are in progress to supplement the use of Portland cement in concrete in order to address the global warming issues. In the present investigation to find out the effect of these admixtures in Concrete cubes replaced with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% for M35 mix. The compressive strength is determined after 7 days curing and the more strength is attained at 30% replacement . Finally replacement of Fly Ash and GGBS is fixed as 30% by weight of binder, super-plasticizer a chemical admixture is Fixed as 1.2% by weight of water. 2. MATERIALS: Cement: Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) locally available in bangalore (the BIRLA SUPER CEMENT Brand Name) in 50kg bags was used for the experiment.
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1715 Physical properties of cement: Normal consistency = 28% Intial setting time = 60 min Final setting time = 310 hrs Specific gravity = 3.11 Fine Aggregate: The aggregate size is lesser than 4.75 mm is considered as fine total. The sand particles ought to be free from any earth or inorganic materials and observed to be hard and concrete. It was put away in open space free from tidy and water. It adjusts to IS 383-1970 goes under zone II. Specific gravity = 2.54 Fineness modulus = 3.86 Water absorption = 1.12% Coarse Aggregate: The aggregate size greater than 4.75 mm, is considered as coarse total. It can be found from unique bed rocks. Coarse aggregate are accessible fit as a fiddle like adjusted, Irregular or incompletely adjusted Angular, Flaky. It ought to be free from any natural polluting influences and the earth substance was immaterial. Specific gravity = 2.67 Fineness modulus = 8.4 Water absorption = 0.68% Water: Water is a vital element of concrete as it effectively partakes in the concoction response with cement. Since it frames the strength giving cement gel, the amount and nature of water is required to be investigated precisely. Blending water ought not contain undesirable natural substances or inorganic constituents in unreasonable extents. In this venture clean consumable water is utilized. Admixture: The Super plasticizer utilized as a part of cement is Conplast SP430. It depends on Sulphonated Napthalene Polymers and provided as a dark colored fluid immediately dispersible in water. Conplast SP430 has been uniquely detailed to surrender high water diminishments to 25% without loss of workability or to deliver top notch cement of lessened penetrability. The measurements of Super plasticizer was 0.5 to 1.5 liters for each 100kg of cement. The properties of super plasticizer are organized in table 1 Table- 1 Physical properties of super plasticizer: Sl. No Description Test results 1 Type Conplast SP430 2 Appearance Brown liquid 3 Specific gravity 1.21 4 Dosage 0.5-1.5L/kg
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1716 Fly ash: Fly ash for this study is collected from the Indian ready mix concrete plant. It is a by-product of the combustion of pulverized coal in thermal power plants. It is a fine grained, powdery and glassy particulate material that is collected from the exhaust gases by electrostatic precipitators or bag filters. When pulverised coal is burnt to generate heat, the residue contains 80 per cent fly ash and 20 per cent bottom ash. The size of particles is largely dependent on the type of dust collection equipment. Fly ash is a complex material consisting of heterogeneous combinations of amorphous (glassy) and crystalline phases. The majority of fly ash particles are glassy, solid, or hollow (cenospheres), and spherical in shape. Figure- 1: Typical SEM images of fly ash Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is produced when iron oxide ore is reduced by coke to metallic iron at 1350 to 1550°C in a blast furnace. Slag is collected from the top of molten iron, at the bottom of the furnace. A large amount of water is sprayed at high pressure to quench the liquid slag to form granules, which are then ground to a fineness similar to Portland cement. If slow cooling is allowed, the material gets crystallized and develops no cementing properties. The use of slag in concrete does not have much effect on water demand and finer slags reduce bleeding in fresh concrete. Slag reduces the porosity and calcium hydroxide content in hardened concrete to certain extent. Figure 2 Backscattered images of microstructure of unhydrated slag (left) and hydrated slag (right) at 28 days
4.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1717 3. Concrete Mix Design: The concrete mix for M35 grade concrete is prepared by using Ordinary Portland cement, fine aggregate sand and coarse aggregate (20 mm) as per mix design from IS:10262-2009 “Recommended Guidelines for Concrete Mix Design” shown below. Cement : 350.488 kg/m3 Fine aggregate : 803.962 kg/m3 Coarse aggregate: 1066.90 kg/m3 Water : 157.716 kg/m3 Mix Proportion Ratio : C : F.A : C.A 1 : 2.29: 3.04 W/C : 0.45 Table- 2 Details of mixes for mechanical and durability properties Mix designation Mix constituents Super-plasticizer dosage(% of binder) F Cement + Fly ash + Sand + Coarse aggregate 1.2 G Cement + GGBS + Sand + Coarse aggregate 1.2 3.1CASTING AND CURING: The Cube moulds are assembled on the concrete leveled flooring with a paper between the mould and the floor. The materials are mixed in the electronically operated mixer thoroughly to get the uniformity. The concrete is placed in the moulds in two layers and compacted with tamping rod. The moulds are de moulded after 24 hours of casting. After the required period of curing, the specimens are taken out of the curing tank, wiped off the moisture and the surface is made dry. The physical properties of concrete depend to a large extent on the degree of hydration of the cement and the resultant microstructure of hydrated cement. It is necessary to create conditions of temperature and humidity during a relatively short period immediately after placing and compaction of concrete, favorable to the setting and hardening of concrete. The process of creation of a favorable environment is termed as curing. The cube specimens are kept in water for 28 days of curing before conducting the tests. Different sizes of cubes are used for different tests are mentioned in Table 3. Table- 3 Details of Tests and sizes of the specimens Sl. No Tests Specimens Sizes(mm) 1 Compressive strength Cubes 150 × 150 × 150 2 Water absorption Cubes 150 × 150 × 150 3 Sorptivity Cylinder discs 100 × 50 4 Scanning electron microscope(SEM) Micro cubes 5 × 5 × 5 5 X-ray Computed tomography(X-ct) Micro cubes 5 × 5 × 5
5.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1718 4. Compressive Strength: Compressive strength. Compressive strength was controlled by utilizing Compression Testing Machine (CTM) of 3000 KN limit. The compressive strength of concrete was tried utilizing 150x150x150 mm cube specimens. The test was done by setting specimen between the loading surfaces of a CTM and the load was connected until the specimen fails. Three test specimens were thrown and used to quantify the compressive strength for each test conditions and normal esteem was considered. cubes were tested at the age of 3, 7, and 28 days and the average strength of these cubes were reported for each age. compressive strength Table- 4 compression strength of concrete cubes with mineral admixture Materials 3Days (MPa) 7Days (MPa) 28Days (MPa) Fly ash 17.77 22.44 40.14 GGBS 20.14 26.51 44.14 Chart 1: compressive strength of concrete cubes with mineral admixture. 5. Water Absorption Test: Water absorption is characteristic of cubes which is due to presence of gel pores within the cubes. Water absorption test was conducted after 28 days water cured Concrete cubes with mineral and chemical admixtures. The test was conducted on 150X150X150 mm Concrete cubes and results are tabulated in table 5. Table- 5 Water absorption of concrete cubes with different mineral admixture 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 3 Days 7 Days 28 Days CompressiveStrength, Mpa FLY ASH GG BS Material Wet weight (A) (gm) Wet weight (B) (gm) (A) – (B) (gm) Water absorption(%) Fly ash 8216.33 7927.33 313.66 3.654 GGBS 8075.66 7806.66 269 3.428
6.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1719 Chart- 2: Water absorption of concrete cubes with mineral admixture 6. Sorptivity Values: The sorptivity can be determined by the measurement of the capillary absorption rate on reasonably homogeneous material. It is another parameter by which we can measure rate of water absorption by the specimen. The Sorptivity test was carried out after 28 days water curing on concrete composite cylinders of size 100x200 mm casted using both mineral admixture as Fly ash and GGBS. After 28days of curing those cylinders were removed from water and cut into specimens of size 100×50mm disc as shown in Fig 3. The results obtained are shown below in Table 6 Sorptivity is calculated by the formula given below S= (Wx-Wy)/ (ADT1/2) Where, S = Sorptivity (mm)/ (min)1/2 ; Wx -Wy= Weight after 60 min-weight after 30 min (increase in weight for every 30 min (gm)); A = surface area of specimen through which water penetrates, mm2 ; D = density of water, gm/mm3; T = Elapsed time, min. Table- 6: Sorptivity of concrete cubes with different mineral admixtures Material Sorptivity [mm/(min)1/2] 30(min) 60(min) 90(min) 120(min) 150 180 Fly ash 0.1434 0.0301 0.0116 0.0141 0.0106 0.0097 GGBS 0.1316 0.0273 0.0156 0.01141 0.0104 .0095 3.428 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 FLY ASH GGBS PercentageofWater Absorption,% Mix Details 3.654
7.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1720 Fig-3 Concrete Specimens during Sorptivity Test Chart- 3: Sorptivity of concrete cubes with different mineral admixtures 7. X-ray Computed Tomography Test (X-CT): The technique used to analyze the concrete samples is a three dimensional imaging technique called X-ray Computed tomography. This method is a completely non-destructive means of visualizing the internal structure of any dense, solid object. X-ray micro tomography. The main differences lie with the x-ray emitting source, and the type of detector utilized in picking up these x-rays. 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 Sorotivity,mm/min^(1/2) FLY ASH GGBS
8.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1721 Fig-4: X-Ray Computed Tomography facility in CMTI ,bangalore lab X-ray micro tomography presents an alternative approach in determining the porosity and pore size distribution of concrete specimens. A better image is obtained by using this new technique because it significantly enhances the picture of the pore structure in the millimeter to micron range. Table- 7: X-CT Values on percentage of Voids in the Concrete Mixes Mixes Percentage of Voids (%) 7days 28days Fly ash 20.48 9.34 GGBS 26.85 3.66 Chart- 4: X-CT Values on percentage of Voids in the Concrete Mixes 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 7 28 PercentageofVoids Days X-CT Fly ash GGBS
9.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1722 Fig-5: 2D and 3D view of F7 sample with colour-coded voids according to size distribution Fig-6: 2D and 3D view of G7 sample with colour-coded voids according to size distribution 8. CONCLUSION: The Optimum percentage of GGBS and fly ash was found to be 30%. The compressive strength for M35 grade at 30% of fly ash and GGBS as partial replace of cement was found to be 44.14 N/mm2 and 40.14 N/mm2 at 28 days of curing. GGBS mix was showing better results in compression strength than the fly ash mix with satisfying the designed compressive strength of concrete as per IS-10262(2009). The optimum value of water absorption for Fly ash and GGBS mix are 3.654% and 3.428% respectively as GGBS mix absorbs less water when compared with the fly ash mix. Capillarity value was high in the initial period and as time elapses the sorptivity value decreased gradually, and at 180min it was almost equivalent to zero.
10.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1723 From the present studies it can be conclude that at 7 days more % of voids were observed in GGBS mix when compared to fly ash mix, it may be due to behaviour of fly ash particles which act as filler materials.It can also conclude that at 28 days more % of voids were observed in fly ash mix when compared to GGBS mix, it may be due to increase in the hydration process and increase in gel formation which may reduced the amount of voids in that mix. 9. REFERENCES: 1) Ahmad, M. A., Shahnawaz, M., Siddiqui, M. F., and Khan, Z. H. (2014). “A Statistical Review on the Current Scenario of Generation and Utilization of Fly-Ash in India.” International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 4(4), 2434–2438. 2) ACI Mater J 1991; 88:159– 63. Aitcin P-Claude, Baalbaki M. In: Canadian experience in producing and testing HPC, ACI international workshop on high performance concrete. Bangkok, Thailand; 1994. p. 295–308. 3) Mehta, P. K., and Monteiro, P. J. . (2010). Concrete: Microstructure, properties and materials. Mc Graw Hill Publication. 4) Mehta, P. K. (1985). “Influence of fly ash characteristics on the strength of portland-fly ash mixtures.” Cement and Concrete Research, 15(4), 669–674. 5) Brand R, Pulles T, Van Gijlswijk R, Fribourg-Blanc B, Courbet C. European pollutant emission register. Final report; 2004. <http://www.eper.cec.eu.int>. Brown, P., Hooton, R.D., and Clark, B. (2004). Microstructural changes in concretes with sulfate exposure. Cement and Concrete Composites, 26, 993-999.
Download now