Stress affects everyone and needs to be effectively managed to avoid negative consequences. Stress was first conceptualized in the 19th century and is defined as any demand placed on the body. The fight or flight response is the body's instinctual reaction to stress. Stress has physical, psychological, and behavioral effects and builds up over time if not managed properly. While some stress can be positive, too much stress weakens the immune system and increases health risks. Managing stress requires techniques like breathing, exercise, meditation, and optimism.

1. Stress ManagementBy Marco Labricciosa

2. ThesisStress affects everybody’s lives constantly. People need to know how to effectively manage the stress to avoid being overwhelmed and negatively impacted by its consequences.

3. OverviewConcept of psychological stress introduced in the 19th century by Dr. Hans SelyeRevised in 1932 to associate the word ‘stress’ more closely with its effects on the nervous system by Walter CannonCombined, developed the ‘Fight or Flight” method

4. The Definition of Stress“Stress is simply a fact of nature -- forces from the outside world affecting the individual. The individual responds to stress in ways that affect the individual as well as their environment.” (Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD) “Stress is the body’s response to any demand made upon it. That means pleasant and unpleasant events can stress you.” (Whittelsey 5).

5. Fight or Flight The assessment of optionsCan be applied to every sort of stressThe ‘how to’ part of stress managementInstinctual response

6. Stages of StressAlarmResistanceExhaustion

7. Types of StressBehavioral stressPhysical stressEmotional/Mental stressAll known as ‘distress’

8. Stress and BehaviorBehavior is a cause of stressBehavior is affected by stressAll results are affected by a person’s choices

9. The Accumulation of StressAffects the body’s heartBuilds up adrenalinIncreases the risk of mental breakdown/disorders

10. Stressful EnvironmentsVirtually anywhere can be a stressful environmentWorkSchoolHome

11. Byproducts of StressWeakening of the immune systemdepression diabetes hair loss heart disease hyperthyroidism obesity obsessive-compulsive or anxiety disorder sexual dysfunction tooth and gum disease ulcers Cancer

12. Other EffectsPhysical symptoms of stress include:- fatigue- headache - upset stomach- muscle tension - change in appetite - teeth grinding - change in sex drive - feeling dizzy

13. Psychological EffectsPsychological effects of stress include: - experiencing irritability or anger- feeling nervous- lack of energy - feeling as though you could cry About half of Americans (48%) report lying awake at night due to stress.

14. Did You Know?Stress reduction can prolong life by decreasing the risk of mental disorders that would be hazardous to physical health

15. Positive StressEustress- a type of stress that is fun and exciting, and keeps us alert

16. Different Methods “Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff” (stay calm)Breathing techniquesTherapyMeditationExerciseLaughing

17. StatisticsAbout one half of Americans say that stress has a negative impact on both their personal and professional lives. About one-third (31%) of employed adults have difficulty managing work and family responsibilities. Over one third (35%) cite jobs interfering with their family or personal time as a significant source of stress. Stress causes more than half of Americans (54 percent) to fight with people close to them.

18. Statistics Cont’dOne in four people report that they have been alienated from a friend or family member because of stress.8% connect stress to divorce or separation.Workplace stress costs more than $300 billion each year in health care, missed work and stress-reduction

19. Stress at School/WorkCan be prevented before it startsOrganizationFind good learning environmentsOptimism!Sleeping Habits

20. OptimismCHOOSEGive credit where credit is dueThink of how:______Failure

21. Slow Down!Life is NOT a competitionFear of laziness and lack of productionEnergy consumption “Fearful and frantic thinking takes an enormous amount of energy and drains the energy and motivation from our lives.” (Carlson 11)

22. Quiet TimeAllows for the mind to become more organizedMake a mental checklist of things to doLessens stress for later in the day

23. Random Acts of KindnessThough we should not allow the small things affect us negatively, they do well to affect us positively.Good feelings in charityGood moods lead to good moods

24. ChangeWhen you see something you don’t like, change how YOU react to it, not it itself. It is actually easier, and may have an external effect as well.

25. MeditationMeditation can give you a sense of calm, peace and balance that benefits both your emotional well-being and your overall health. And these benefits don't end when your meditation session ends.

26. BenefitsGaining a new perspective on stressful situationsBuilding skills to manage your stressIncreased self-awarenessFocusing on the presentReducing negative emotions

27. MeditationLessens both physical and mental stressors Targets stress in specific placesOpens mind to more intensive thinking

28. PosesDifferent poses will target different stressed parts of the bodyMeditation can be performed in any pose

29. Lotus Pose

30. Heart Rate Before Jumpy and inconsistent

31. Heart Rate AfterSlower, less varied beating