The document discusses stress, its causes and effects. It describes four types of stress: general stress, cumulative stress, acute traumatic stress, and post-traumatic stress. Physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms of stress are outlined. The general adaptation syndrome and its three stages - alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion - are summarized. Ways to manage stress individually through exercise, relaxation, and changing negative self-talk are presented. Organizational techniques like role clarity, support for change, and employee assistance programs are recommended.

1. A challenge
Can we challenge it?

2. Setting the canvas…
Slide 2
―Stress is not what happens to us. It's our
response TO what happens.
And RESPONSE is something we can choose

3. Stress & Anxiety
Human for the sake of
getting a living forget to
live.....

4. Stress & Anxiety
 THE SANSKRIT CHARACTER FOR FUNERAL IS
STRIKINGLY SIMILAR TO THE SANSKRIT
CHARACTER FOR WORRY…ONE BURNS THE
DEAD WHILE THE OTHER BURNS THE LIVING….
 “STRESS IS DEFINED AS THE ANTICIPATION OF
INABILITY TO RESPOND ADEQUATELY TO
PERCIVED DEMAND, ACCOMPAINED BY
ANTICIPATION OF NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES
FOR INADEQUATE RESPONSE”
 - JOSEPH E.McGRATH

5. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS
1. General Stress:
» Everyone has this kind of
stress
» It resolves itself within a
day or two
» No intervention is
necessarily required

6. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS
2. Cumulative Stress:
 Stress builds up in
your body
 It becomes more
difficult to alleviate
your symptoms
 You may have more
serious physical
symptoms
 You may have more
serious mental
anguish

7. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS
3. Acute Traumatic
Stress:
 Critical Incident Stress
 Produces
considerable
psychological distress
 A normal reaction to
abnormal events

8. FOUR TYPES OF STRESS
4. Post Traumatic Stress:
 Severe stress produced
by severe psychological
trauma
 Created by unresolved
Critical Incident Stress
 Produces lasting
changes

9. Anxiety & Stress – The Causes
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WORK OVERLOAD
TIME PRESSURES
POOR QUALITY OF SUPERVISION
INSECURE JOB CLIMATE
LACK OF PERSONAL CONTROL
INADEQUATE AUTHORITY TO MATCH
RESPONSIBLITIES
ROLE CONFLICT AND AMBIGUITY
DIFFRENCE BETWEEN COMPANY AND EMPLOYEE
VALUES
FRUSTRATION
TECHNOLOGY WITH INADEQUATE TRAINING AND
SUPPORT

10. Anxiety & Stress – The
Causes……..Contd.
 Work overload
 Quantitative: too much to do in too short a time
 Qualitative: work that is too difficult
 Quantitative has increased in recent years due to
downsizing
 Work under load – work that is too simple or
insufficient to fill one’s time
 Both of these impact stress and health, appears that a
moderate amount of stress is optimal

11. Anxiety & Stress – The
Causes……..Contd.
 Organizational Change – if not hardy, change
causes stress in individuals. Can be reduced by
including employees in planning
 Role Ambiguity – unstructured or poorly defined job
responsibilities (expected standards, methods,
schedules)
 Role Conflict – conflict between job demands and
employee’s personal standards

12. Anxiety & Stress
It’s Effect
on our Life

13. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage I - Alarm Reaction
 The ―fight or flight‖ response which causes you to
be ready for physical activity
 However, it decreases the effectiveness of the
immune system which makes you more
susceptible to illness

14. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage II – Stage of adaptation
 If stress continues, the body adapts to the
stressors it is being exposed to
 If the stressor is starvation, the person
experiences a reduced desire for physical activity
to conserve energy, and the absorption of
nutrients from any food intake is maximized

15. General Adaptation Syndrome
Stage III – Stage of Exhaustion
 Stress persists for a long time
 The body’s resistance may be reduced or
collapse quickly
 People who experience long-term stress may
have heart attacks, severe infections, or chronic
pain or illness

16. Short Term Physical Stress Symptoms
Dry mouth
Cool skin
Cold hands and feet
Increased sweating
Rapid breathing
Faster heart rate
Tense muscles
Feelings of nausea
Butterflies in your
stomach
 Diarrhea
 A desire to urinate
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17. Long Term Physical Stress Symptoms
 Insomnia
 Change in Appetite
 Sexual disorders
 Aches and pains
 Frequent colds
 Feelings of intense and
long-term tiredness
 Prone to illness

18. BEHAVIORAL STRESS SYMPTOMS
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Yawning
Talking too fast
Talking too loud
Fiddling
Twitching
Nail biting
Grinding teeth
Drumming fingers
Pacing
 Over reacting
 Emotional
 Defensive
 Irritable
 Irrational
 Defensive
 Hostile
 Critical
 Aggressive

19. BEHAVIOR STRESS SYMPTOMS
 These symptoms will have a negative affect on your
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performance
By reducing your effectiveness
Making you accident prone
Causing you to be forgetful
Causing you to be very negative
You may neglect your appearance
You may make poor judgments
Causing you to make more mistakes
Increasing your absenteeism

20. PERFORMANCE STRESS SYMPTOMS
 You may not make good decisions
 Your fine motor skills are affected
 You may no longer enjoy your work
 Your attention span may be affected
 You may have more negative thoughts
 Your self confidence will suffer
 You may have difficulty concentrating
 All of your positive energy is consumed

21. Physiological Signs of Stress
Immediate Changes
 Increased cardiac output
 Increased circulation
 Increased BP, RR
 Increased sweating
 Piloerection (Goose
Bumps)
 Pupil dilatation
 Decreased salivation
» Decreased gastric
motility
» Hyper alertness
» Increased blood
sugar
» Use of blood glucose
» Decreased stored
energy
» Increased fatty acids
» Increased
metabolism

22. Emotional Signs of Stress
 Denial
» Hopelessness
 Fear
» Helplessness
 Depression
» Feeling lost
 Grief
» Wishing to hide
 Anger
 Worry
» Anxiety
 Uncertainty
» Panic
» Inappropriate
Emotions

23. Cognitive Signs & Symptom
 Difficulty Making Decisions
 Confusion
 Difficulty Naming Familiar Items
 Poor Concentration
 Blaming Others
 Memory Problems
 Replaying Events Over & Over

24. Behavioral Signs of Stress
 Withdrawal
 Suspiciousness
 Excessive Humor or Silence
 Increased Smoking, Alcohol or Food
 Change in Activity Level
 Angry Outbursts
 Crying Spells

25. Negative Self-Talk
 The Worrier Voice - ―What if…..?‖
 Make a plan then get it out of your head.
 The Critic Voice - ―How stupid…..‖
 Recognize what is really true.
 The Victim Voice - ―I’ll never be able to…..‖
 There is always something to do to work toward a
goal.
 The Perfectionist - ―I should……‖
 Assess your unrealistic expectations of yourself.

26. Physical Symptoms of Anxiety
 Increased Muscle Tension
 Dizziness
 Rapid Heartbeat
 Shortness of Breath
 Queasy Stomach
 Dry Mouth
 Increased Perspiration
 Problems with Sleep

27. Solution
Problem well stated is half solved…we should learn
to listen to our problem first

28. Treating Stress in the Workplace
Organizational Techniques
 Provide sufficient support for change
 Provide sense of control through participation
 Clearly define employee roles
 Eliminate work over and under load
 EAPs for stress reduction (teach coping
strategies)
 Provide opportunity for social support (formal or
informal)

29. Treating Stress in the Workplace
Organizational Techniques
 Provide sufficient support for change
 Provide sense of control through participation
 Clearly define employee roles
 Eliminate work over and under load
 EAPs for stress reduction (teach coping
strategies)
 Provide opportunity for social support (formal or
informal)

30. Individual Techniques for Stress
Reduction
 Exercise
 Relaxation Training
 Biofeedback
 Behavior Modification

31. Stress Management
Add life to the days not days to the life…

32. Individual Techniques for Stress
Reduction
 Take a Deep Breath and Count to Ten
 Stand up and stretch. Remember relaxation is the
opposite of stress.
 ―We don’t laugh because we are happy…We are
happy because we laugh"
 Stand up and smile. Try it! You’ll feel better!
 Take a short walk. If you’re at work, take a
bathroom break or get a glass of water. Do
something that changes your focus. When you
come back to the problem, chances are it won’t
seem nearly as insurmountable.

33. Individual Techniques for Stress
Reduction
 Every cloud has a silver lining. After all, rain makes
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things grow! Ben Franklin found good in a bolt of
lightning. Find the good in your stressful situation by
listing the negative surges and determining what it will
take to make them into positive charges!
―A Man's Got to Know His Limitations—‖
Knowing yourself and your limits may be the most
important way to manage stress effectively
Quit blaming yourself.
Be pro-active in finding peace.
When you need help, get help.

34. Other Tips:
 Get a good night's rest.
 Eat healthily.
 Listen to your favorite music.
 Exercise, participate in a sport or engage in fun
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activity.
Plan out your time and prioritize.
Talk to a friend about your problems, don't hold it in.
Get a massage.
Take a nap.
Take a warm bath.
Read a book or watch TV

35. Final Remarks

36. Final Remarks

―Laughter and tears are both responses to
frustration and exhaustion . . .I myself prefer to
laugh, since there is less cleaning up to do
afterward.‖
-Kurt
Vonnegut

Heaven on Earth is a choice you must make,
not a place we must find…
-Wayne Dyer

37. SHAKESPEAR SAID…..
DON’T WORRY…..
BECAUSE IF YOU ARE
WORRIED YOU GET A
WRINKLE. SO WHY
DON’T YOU SMILE AND
GET A DIMPLE .ALWAYS
SMILE AND BE
HAPPY……..

39. THANK YOU