This document discusses stress, including its causes, consequences, and management. It defines stress as our mental, physical, emotional, and behavioral reactions to perceived demands or threats. When faced with stressors, our bodies activate the "fight or flight" response to prepare for action. Not all stress is bad - distress refers to feeling overwhelmed without relief, while eustress involves meaningful challenges. Common stressors include work, relationships, health issues, and life changes. Suggestions for managing stress include finding support, maintaining a positive attitude, exercising, relaxing activities, and learning to say no. Both stress and anxiety involve mental and physical symptoms, but anxiety is persistent excessive worry without a clear trigger.
Stress can be defined as our mental, physical, emotional, and behavioral reactions to any perceived demands or threats. Stress management' is a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of and for the motive of improving everyday functioning.
Emotional stress involves the experience of negative affect, such as anxiety, in the context of a physiological stress response that includes cardiovascular and hormonal changes.
Today, we live in a world full of demands, personal and professional. With the increasing demands, meeting deadlines, increasing productivity, achieving targets, facing competition, our lives have become nothing, but more complex. With so much to accomplish keeping in mind our time constraints, stress is inevitable. The only way to handle a stressful day is to learn how to manage it; this is possible only by acquiring skills on how to handle stress. This course touches on various key aspects such as identifying stress and its causes, approach to stress and dealing with it calmly, changing your attitude and outlook, techniques to overcome stress and working with a positive mind set.
Stress is what you feel when you have to handle more than you are used to. When you are stressed, your body responds as though you are in danger. It makes hormones that speed up your heart, make you breathe faster, and give you a burst of energy.
Stress management is a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of and for the motive of improving everyday functioning.
Stress can be defined as our mental, physical, emotional, and behavioral reactions to any perceived demands or threats. Stress management' is a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of and for the motive of improving everyday functioning.
Emotional stress involves the experience of negative affect, such as anxiety, in the context of a physiological stress response that includes cardiovascular and hormonal changes.
Today, we live in a world full of demands, personal and professional. With the increasing demands, meeting deadlines, increasing productivity, achieving targets, facing competition, our lives have become nothing, but more complex. With so much to accomplish keeping in mind our time constraints, stress is inevitable. The only way to handle a stressful day is to learn how to manage it; this is possible only by acquiring skills on how to handle stress. This course touches on various key aspects such as identifying stress and its causes, approach to stress and dealing with it calmly, changing your attitude and outlook, techniques to overcome stress and working with a positive mind set.
Stress is what you feel when you have to handle more than you are used to. When you are stressed, your body responds as though you are in danger. It makes hormones that speed up your heart, make you breathe faster, and give you a burst of energy.
Stress management is a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of and for the motive of improving everyday functioning.
we teach how not to react to stressful situations and delay response if possible. The idea is to analyse the situation, take a step back, take deep breaths, distract yourself if possible. For e.g., Don't send off that 'angry email response'. This helps to take a measured response. Some of the tools one can use are meditation, mindfulness, affirmation meditation and so on. If you practice calm, you can also plan your response in an effective yet assertive way. Emotions play a big part in communication and when someone is stressed and is under pressure to make decisions, emotions can overshadow the response. So by tending to your emotions by taking sometime off just to calm yourself down, to collect your thoughts and preparing a response to the situation, goes a long way in resolving stressful situations
Stress management, Different practices to manage stressscience book
this presentation will help you to manage stress. How we get rid of stress. Different practices to manage stress.this presentation will details information about stress management.
Stress
• A person’s response to events that are threatening or
challenging.
• “ Stress can be defined as the sum of physical and mental
responses to an unacceptable disparity between real or
imagined personal experience and personal expectations”
Types of stress
•Acute stress. This is short-term stress that goes
away quickly
•Chronic stress. This is stress that lasts for a
longer period of time
Physical stress
•Physical stress is a demand that changes
the state of our body. We feel stressed when
we are overworked physically, lack of proper
diet, injury or lack of sleep.
• Environmental stressors are aspects of our
environment that are often unavoidable,
such as air pollution, crowding, noise, or fire,
earthquakes, floods.
Psychological stress
•These stressor are we generate ourselves in
our mind and individual experience them.
Some important sources of stress is
frustration, conflict, internal and social
pressure etc
Symptoms of stress
Physical symptoms
• Aches and pains.
• Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing.
• Exhaustion or trouble sleeping.
• Headaches, dizziness or shaking.
• High blood pressure.
• Muscle tension or jaw clenching.
• Stomach or digestive problems.
• Trouble having sex.
• Weak immune system.
Emotional symptoms
•Becoming easily agitated, frustrated, and moody
•Feeling defeated like you are loosing control
•Having difficulty in relaxing
•Low self esteem, lonely
•Avoiding others
Cognitive symptoms
•Forgetfulness and disorganization
•Poor judgment
•Constant worrying
•Racing thoughts
•Inability to focus
•Being pessimistic
Behavioral symptoms
•Change in appetite
•Increased use of drugs
•Procrastinating and avoiding responsibilities
•Exhibiting more nervous behaviors nail biting,
fidgeting, pacing etc
Coping
•Behavioral and cognitive responses used to deal with
stressors; involves efforts to change circumstances, or
our interpretation of them to make them more
favorable and less threatening.
• Problem-focused coping
•Emotion focused coping
Emotion focused coping
•People try to manage their emotions in the face
of stress, seeking to change the way they feel
about a problem such as accepting sympathy and
looking the bright side of a situation.
•Sympathy
•Empathy
Problem focused coping
•Attempts to modify the stressful problem or
source of stress. Problem focused strategies
lead to change in behavior or to the
development of a plan of action deal with
stress. Outing, group study, timeout etc
Stress management
•Relaxation therapy is a technique to reducing
tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the
body. What does meditation , hypnosis, yoga,
and prayer have in common
•They all draw on a relaxation response, a
condition of reduced muscle tension, cortical
activity, heart rate, breathing rate, and blood
pressure
•Meditation can lower blood pressure, heart rate,
and oxygen consumption.
•Possibly helps stress-related symptoms
•Practiced sitting quietly
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
we teach how not to react to stressful situations and delay response if possible. The idea is to analyse the situation, take a step back, take deep breaths, distract yourself if possible. For e.g., Don't send off that 'angry email response'. This helps to take a measured response. Some of the tools one can use are meditation, mindfulness, affirmation meditation and so on. If you practice calm, you can also plan your response in an effective yet assertive way. Emotions play a big part in communication and when someone is stressed and is under pressure to make decisions, emotions can overshadow the response. So by tending to your emotions by taking sometime off just to calm yourself down, to collect your thoughts and preparing a response to the situation, goes a long way in resolving stressful situations
Stress management, Different practices to manage stressscience book
this presentation will help you to manage stress. How we get rid of stress. Different practices to manage stress.this presentation will details information about stress management.
Stress
• A person’s response to events that are threatening or
challenging.
• “ Stress can be defined as the sum of physical and mental
responses to an unacceptable disparity between real or
imagined personal experience and personal expectations”
Types of stress
•Acute stress. This is short-term stress that goes
away quickly
•Chronic stress. This is stress that lasts for a
longer period of time
Physical stress
•Physical stress is a demand that changes
the state of our body. We feel stressed when
we are overworked physically, lack of proper
diet, injury or lack of sleep.
• Environmental stressors are aspects of our
environment that are often unavoidable,
such as air pollution, crowding, noise, or fire,
earthquakes, floods.
Psychological stress
•These stressor are we generate ourselves in
our mind and individual experience them.
Some important sources of stress is
frustration, conflict, internal and social
pressure etc
Symptoms of stress
Physical symptoms
• Aches and pains.
• Chest pain or a feeling like your heart is racing.
• Exhaustion or trouble sleeping.
• Headaches, dizziness or shaking.
• High blood pressure.
• Muscle tension or jaw clenching.
• Stomach or digestive problems.
• Trouble having sex.
• Weak immune system.
Emotional symptoms
•Becoming easily agitated, frustrated, and moody
•Feeling defeated like you are loosing control
•Having difficulty in relaxing
•Low self esteem, lonely
•Avoiding others
Cognitive symptoms
•Forgetfulness and disorganization
•Poor judgment
•Constant worrying
•Racing thoughts
•Inability to focus
•Being pessimistic
Behavioral symptoms
•Change in appetite
•Increased use of drugs
•Procrastinating and avoiding responsibilities
•Exhibiting more nervous behaviors nail biting,
fidgeting, pacing etc
Coping
•Behavioral and cognitive responses used to deal with
stressors; involves efforts to change circumstances, or
our interpretation of them to make them more
favorable and less threatening.
• Problem-focused coping
•Emotion focused coping
Emotion focused coping
•People try to manage their emotions in the face
of stress, seeking to change the way they feel
about a problem such as accepting sympathy and
looking the bright side of a situation.
•Sympathy
•Empathy
Problem focused coping
•Attempts to modify the stressful problem or
source of stress. Problem focused strategies
lead to change in behavior or to the
development of a plan of action deal with
stress. Outing, group study, timeout etc
Stress management
•Relaxation therapy is a technique to reducing
tension by consciously relaxing muscles of the
body. What does meditation , hypnosis, yoga,
and prayer have in common
•They all draw on a relaxation response, a
condition of reduced muscle tension, cortical
activity, heart rate, breathing rate, and blood
pressure
•Meditation can lower blood pressure, heart rate,
and oxygen consumption.
•Possibly helps stress-related symptoms
•Practiced sitting quietly
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
STRESS - CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND MANAGEMENT 2022.pptx
1. STRESS - CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES
AND MANAGEMENT
Kingsley Akhigbe
October 22,2022
2. What is Stress?
•Stress can be defined as our mental,
physical, emotional, and behavioral
reactions to any perceived demands or
threats.
•We say we feel "burned out," stressed out,
overwhelmed, angry, irritable, depressed,
anxious, and on the verge of "losing it."
3. The “Fight or Flight” Response
• When situations seem threatening to us, our bodies react
quickly to supply protection by preparing to take action. This
physiological reaction is known as the "fight or flight"
response.
• The physiological response to a stressor is known as reactivity
• Physiological responses can accumulate and result in long-term
wear on the body
4. What Makes Something Stressful?
• Situations that have strong demands
• Situations that are imminent
• Life transitions
• Timing (e.g., deviation from the “norm”)
• Ambiguity
• Desirability
5. Not All Stress is Bad…
• Distress is a continuous experience of feeling overwhelmed,
oppressed, and behind in our responsibilities. It is the all
encompassing sense of being imposed upon by difficulties with
no light at the end of the tunnel.
• Examples of distress include financial difficulties, conflicts in relationships,
excessive obligations, managing a chronic illness, or experiencing a trauma.
• Eustress is the other form of stress that is positive and
beneficial. We may feel challenged, but the sources of the
stress are opportunities that are meaningful to us. Eustress
helps provide us with energy and motivation to meet our
responsibilities and achieve our goals.
• Examples of eustress include graduating from school, getting married,
receiving a promotion, or changing jobs.
6. Stress Response: Example
• A good example of a stressful situation for many people is taking a
test. If you find testing to be stressful, you might notice certain
physical, behavioral, mental, and emotional responses.
• Physical Response?
• Behavioral Response?
• Mental Response?
• Emotional Response?
7. What is Stressful to You?
Work Childcare Legal matters
Relationship with
partner
Finances Mental health
Relationship with
family
Appearance Law violation e.g.
Police case
Relationship with
in-laws
Physical Health Spiritual/Religious
issues
Relationship with
co-workers
Not “fitting in” Major/Career
decisions
Relationship with
friends
Getting married Attitudes/thoughts
Trauma Change to a new
place of work
Retirement
Change in
residence
Change in eating
habits
Death of
friend/family
member
8. Why Do We "Stress Out"?
•For two major reasons:
• We perceive a situation as dangerous, difficult, or
painful.
• We don't believe we have the resources to cope.
9. Stress Warning Signals
• What are your "red flags," or warning
signs, that stress is creeping into your
life? If we keep pushing ourselves,
eventually something inside of use will
send "red flags," or warning signs that
stress is becoming a problem.
10. Suggestions for Reducing Stress
• 1. Find a support system. Find someone to talk to about your feelings
and experiences.
• 2. Change your attitude. Find other ways to think about stressful
situations.
• "Life is 10% what happens to us, and 90% how we react to it."
• 3. Be realistic. Set practical goals for dealing with situations and
solving problems.
• Develop realistic expectations of yourself and others.
11. Suggestions for Reducing Stress
• 4. Get organized and take charge. Being unorganized or engaging in poor planning
often leads to frustration or crisis situations, which most always leads to feeling
stressed.
• Plan your time, make a schedule, establish your priorities.
• 5. Take breaks, give yourself "me time." Learn that taking time to
yourself for rejuvenation and relaxation is just as important as giving
time to other activities.
• At minimum, take short breaks during your busy day.
• 6. Take good care of yourself. Eat properly, get regular rest, keep a
routine. Allow yourself to do something you enjoy each day.
• Paradoxically, the time we need to take care of ourselves the most, when we
are stressed, is the time we do it the least.
12. Suggestions for Reducing Stress
• 7. Learn to say "no." Learn to pick and choose which things
you will say "yes" to and which things you will not.
• Protect yourself by not allowing yourself to take on every request
or opportunity that comes your way.
• 8. Get regular exercise. Exercising regularly can help relieve
some symptoms of depression and stress, and help us to
maintain our health.
• 9. Get a hobby, do something different. For a balanced
lifestyle, play is as important as work.
13. Suggestions for Reducing Stress
• 10. Slow down. Know your limits and cut down on
the number of things you try to do each day,
particularly if you do not have enough time for them
or for yourself.
– Be realistic about what you can accomplish effectively
each day.
– Monitor your pace. Rushing through things can lead to
mistakes or poor performance. Take the time you need
to do a good job.
Poorly done tasks can lead to added stress.
14. Suggestions for Reducing Stress
• 11. Laugh, use humor. Do something fun and
enjoyable such as seeing a funny movie, laughing
with friends, reading a humorous book, or going to a
comedy show.
• 12. Learn to relax. Develop a regular relaxation
routine.
• Try meditation, or some simple quiet time.
15. Relaxation Exercises
• Many different kinds, but 2 are:
• Deep Breathing
• Visualization: Visualization is a nice way of giving our
minds and bodies a "mini vacation."
16. Stress Management: Next Steps
• Try to change the way you appraise a situation to make it less
stressful
• Remember stress is normal but watch out for symptoms of stress
• Use coping skills/ways to reduce stress
• Practice relaxation techniques
17. Anxiety and stress
• There's a fine line between stress and anxiety.
• Both are emotional responses, but stress is typically caused by an
external trigger.
• The trigger can be short-term, such as a work deadline or a fight with a
loved one or long-term, such as being unable to work, discrimination,
or chronic illness.
• People under stress experience mental and physical symptoms, such
as irritability, anger, fatigue, muscle pain, digestive troubles, and
difficulty sleeping.
• Anxiety, on the other hand, is defined by persistent, excessive worries
that don’t go away even in the absence of a stressor. Anxiety leads to a
nearly identical set of symptoms as stress: insomnia, difficulty
concentrating, fatigue, muscle tension, and irritability.
• Anxiety is an umbrella term for a cluster of daunting feelings that can
be difficult to cope with, like fear, worry, restlessness, and stress.