Stress from factors like overcrowding, poor water quality, and injury can weaken fish's natural defenses, making them susceptible to disease. Mucus, scales, skin, and inflammation are part of fish's immune response, but stress compromises these defenses. To prevent disease outbreaks and mortality, good management practices must maintain water quality, prevent stress from handling and overcrowding, provide proper nutrition, and implement sanitation measures. Prioritizing the reduction of stressors is key to controlling disease problems in aquaculture.