The document presents information on bacterial diseases in fish and shrimp. It discusses 10 common bacterial diseases that affect fish, including furunculosis, columnaris disease, vibriosis, fin and tail rot disease, dropsy, cotton mouth disease, tuberculosis disease, bacterial gill disease, edwardsiellosis, and pseudomonasis. It provides details on the causal agents and susceptible species for each disease. It also discusses 3 main bacterial diseases that affect shrimp: rickettsial infections, vibriosis, and brown spot shell disease. The document emphasizes the importance of water quality, sanitation, and nutrition in preventing outbreaks of bacterial disease.

1. A PRESENTATION ON
BACTERIAL DISEASE
IN FISH & SHRIMP
GROUP NO : 05

2. PRESENTED BY
Naimul Hoque Sajib (ASH1602029M)
Debabrata paul (ASH1602030M)
Monoara Akter Lima (BKH1602033F)
Bipul Chandra Das (ASH1602034M)
Sudipta Singha Roy Antu (ASH1602036M)
Md. Atikuzzaman (ASH1602038M)

3. BACTERIA
• Unicellular or Single celled microscopic organisms.
• Cell membrane made up of cellulose and chitin.
• Vacuoles.
• Gram-positive and negative .
• Cell walls are thick and thin .
• Lack nuclei and other organized cell structure.
• Some bacteria are pigmented .

4. BACTERIAL DISEASE IN FISH
 Fish are susceptible to a wide variety of bacterial pathogens.
 Many of these bacteria capable of causing disease are considered by some to
be saprophytic in nature.
 These bacteria only become pathogens when fishes are physiologically
unbalanced, nutritionally deficient, or there are other stressors, i.e., poor
water quality, overstocking, which allow opportunistic bacterial infections to
proceed.

5. LIST OF BACTERIAOF L DISEASE OCCURS IN FISHES
 Furunculosis Disease
 Columnaris Disease
 Vibriosis Disease
 Fin and Tail Rot Disease
 Dropsy Disease
 Cotton Mouth Disease
 Tuberculosis Disease
 Bacterial Gill Disease
 Edwardsiella
 Pseudomonasis

6. 1.FURUNCULOSIS:
 Furunculosis of salmonids has been known for
many years and was the first bacterial disease to
have scientifically describe in 1894.
 Its name is derived from the appearance of
ulcers in the skin.
Causative agent : Aeromonas salmonicida.
Susceptible species : Freshwater salmon, Rui etc.

7. Symptoms
According to Herman (1968) symptoms divided into four catagories :
i. Acute : Haemorrahagic, rapid mortality & bleeding in viscera.
ii. Sub-acute : Ulcerative form, deeply Haemorrahagic, fungal infect.
iii. Chronic : Red intestine and blood vessel enlarged, Haemorrahagic pyloric cocea.
iv. Latent : Sudden death, havely morality, no epitite, respiratory disrupted.
Treatment
 Amoung antibiotics oxytetracycline are the best ; dosage : 2.5-3.5g/100pounds of fish per day.
 Tetracyclin : 50-60g/kg for 5-7 days.
 Cupper sulphate bath: 1: 2000 for 1minute for 4 days.
FURUNCULOSIS CONT...

8.  Distributed worldwide.
 A contagious and chronic disease.
 It affects the external structures of the fish body.
Causal Agents :Flexibacter columnaris.
Susceptible Species :
• All freshwater fishes including goldfish, common carp,
grass carp, tilapia etc.
2.COLUMNARIS DISEASE :

9. Diagnosis :
 Isolation and identification of the bacteria by biochemical, immunological and nuclear acid based
techniques.
Prophylaxis :
 Prevent the movement of infected fish.
 Avoiding overcrowding.
 Feeding fishes with adequate supplementary feed.
 Disinfect water and pond bottom.
Treatment : Salt bath 15% for 15 minutes.
COLUMNARIS DISEASE CONT …

10.  This disease may occur in waters with low
oxygen.
 These bacteria are small gram-negative bacilli,
characteristically curved.
Causal Agents :Vibrio bacteria.
Susceptible Species : vibriosis disease in salmon
and many other fishes.
3. VIBRIOSIS DISEASE

11. Diagnosis :
 Identification based in histopathology.
 Epithelial hyperplasia due to reaction in tissue.
Symptoms:
• Diseased fishes show large, bright coloured.
• bloody lesions in the skin and muscles, haemorrhages in eyes.
• gills may bleed with slight pressure, and inflammation of the intestinal tract.
Treatment : Sulfamethazine at a rate of 2 g / 100 pounds of fish / day gives good results. 3
– 4 g / 100 pounds of fish / day for 10 days of tetramycin also give satisfactory results.
VIBRIOSIS DISEASE CONT…

12.  Well known bacterial disease.
 It causes erosion and disintegration of fin and
tails.
 It is common to all freshwater habitat.
• Causal Agents : Aeromonas sp, Pseudomonas spp
,Haemopophilus spp
• Susceptible Species : Carps, catfish, young fish
are more susceptible.
4. TAILAND FIN ROT DISEASE

13. Pathology :
 Whitening area on the fin margin.
 Lesions develop at the outer fin margin.
 Frayed and disintegration of soft tissues between the fin rays.
 Lost of the total fin.
Diagnosis :
 Identification based in histopathology.
 Epithelial hyperplasia due to reaction in tissue.
Treatment :
 Tetracycline 50-60mg/kg of weight of fish with feed for 5-7 days.
TAILAND FIN ROT DISEASE CONT…

14.  Dropsy is an abnormal accumulation of fluid
in the abdomen ,may affect the whole body or
in some organs & tissues .
Causal agents : Aeromonus hydrophila ,
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Susceptible species : Carps & others
Diagnosis :
 Based on the typical clinical sign of abdominal
swelling & accumulation of fluid in body cavity
during necropsy.
5.DROPSY

15. Prophylaxis :
 Disinfections of water & stocking materials.
 Reducing stocking density .
 Improving water quality & environment .
Treatment :
• Potassium permanganate 5ppm dip for 2 minutes .
• Sulphamerazine or sulphaguanadine or sulphadiazine or sulphanathazine or sulphaisexazol
10g/45kg fish /day as an empirical dose .
DROPSY CONT…

16.  The filamentous bacteria, Flexi bacteria are the causative
agent of this disease.
 The main symptom is appearance of fungus like tuft around
the mouth.
 This can be treated with antibiotics like 10 ppm
chloramphenicol for 2-5 days and 0.3ppm furanace for long
term bath.
6. COTTON MOUTH DISEASE

17.  Mycobacterium is a disease causing agent which is
difficult to diagnose without pathological
examinations.
 The symptoms are ulcers on body, nodules in internal
organs, fin and tail rot, loss of appetite and loss of
weight of fish.
 This can be cured with dip treatment in 1:2000 copper
sulphate for 1 minute for 3-4 days.
 Antibiotics are not successful. The fishes should be
destroyed and potassium permanganate or lime used
in the pond.
7. TUBERCULOSIS DISEASE

18.  Common in freshwater fish, both in cultivated and wild
fishes.
 It is also known as Gill disease or environmental disease
as it is caused by an environmental irritant, which
damage the gill epithelium.
Causal Agents : Flexibacteria sp ,Pseudomonas sp,
Flavobacterium sp ,Aeromonas sp
Susceptible Species : All fishes, massive mortality occurs in
young stages of carps.
8. BACTERIAL GILL DISEASE

19. Symptoms
 Show grasping.
 Tendency to remain the surface and become lethargic.
 Anorexic opercula become swollen.
 Frayed appearance of affected gill tissues.
 Excessive mucus secretions , opercula damage.
Diagnosis : Isolated and identification of agents under laboratory condition.
Prophylaxis : Tetracycline 50-60mg/kg of body weight of fish with feed for 5-7 days.
Treatment : Tetracycline 50-60mg/kg of body weight of fish with feed for 5-7 days.
BACTERIAL GILL DISEASE CON…

20.  Known as edwardsiella septicaemia,serious syntenic
bacterial disease,cause mass mortality.
Causal agent: Edwardsiella tarda.
Susceptible species:
• Eels,catfish,tilapia and other species of warm water.
 Sometimes of salmonids.
 Larvae of catfish and carp in hatcheries.
9.EDWARDSIELLOSIS:

21. Symptoms
• Haemorrhage in fins and body.
• Rectal protrusion and swelling of the spleen.
• Lesions in visceral organs spread into the musculature and then to the dermis.
Prophylaxis: Avoidance of stress, disinfect water and pond bottom.
Treatment:
• Tetracycline chemotherapy 50mg/body wt. of fish/day for 5-7 days.
• Oxytetracycline 50mg/kg body weight of fish.
EDWARDSIELLOSIS CONT…

22.  Known as pseudomonas septicaemia, may cause red spot
disease prevailing mostly in brackishwater.
Causal agents :Pseudomonas fluorescens ,Pseudomonas
anguilliseptica.
Susceptible Species :
 Warm water fishes, wide variety of cultured and aquarium
fish mostly.
Diagnosis :n Isolation and identification of the bacteria.
10.PSEUDOMONASIS :

23. Pathology :
 Haemorrhagic skin lesions or fin or tail rot.
 Gross lesions include acites.
 Exophthalmia.
Prophylaxis :
 Avoidance of stress.
 Maintain hygiene and sanitation.
 Disposal of dead and infectious fishes.
Treatment : Sensitive recommended antibiotics at the requisite dose level.
PSEUDOMONASIS CONT…

24.  Bacterial diseases are recognised as important hurdles in shrimp hatchery and farming.
 Bacterial infections are usually occurred in shrimp farming in conjunction with other
diseases or processes or reflect an outcome of a breakdown in the ecological balance
within culture system.
 Various bacterial genera mainly vibriosis and filamentous bacteria have been associated
with shrimp disease.
BACTERIAL SHRIMP DISEASE:

25. Rickettsial Infections
Vibriosis
Brown spot shell disease
LIST OF BACTERIAL DISEASE OCCURS IN SHRIMP

26. This infection is not recorded yet from Indian
waters, systemic rickettsial infections were
reported from cultured P. monodon from
Malaysia and Singapore.
 In P. monodon, the rickettsia occurred within
large cytoplasmic vacuoles where it formed-
microcolonies of 19 to 33 f.lm in diameter
1. RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS

27. In heavy infections, cells with rickettsial inclusions
were widespread in mesodermally and
ectodermally derived tissues, but absent in
endodermally derived tissues such as midgut,
hepatopancreas and caeca.
 Experimental treatment using medicated feeds
containing 1.5 to 2. 0 kg of oxytetracycline per 1000
kg offered was found to be successful in reducing
monalities
RICKETTSIAL INFECTIONS CONT…

28. Vibriosis is a common bacterial diseases of
shrimps.
A gram negative, oxidase positive, motile
rod type bacteria
Causal agents: V. Harvesting ,V. Vulnificus, V.
Parahaemolyticus, V. Alginolytcus
Susceptible species:
• All stages of all cultured shrimp are
susceptible in stressful conditions.
2.VIBRIOSIS:

29. Pathology:
 The common pathological sign associated with vibriosis is high mortality, moribund shrimp
appearance in hypoxic and often come into pond surface.
 Redding of shrimp,shell and appendages necrosis with blackening.
 Presence of luminescence in affected shrimp in pond.
Treatment:
• Disinfection of intake water i.e. formalin 100-200 ppm. Anti-microbial preparation application
through feeds (Oxolinic acid 0.6 ppm and Sarafloxacin 5 mg/kg).
VIBRIOSIS CONT …

30.  The above-referred names are synonyms
of bacterial disease caused by a group of
bacteria.
 The disease is recorded from the
freshwater prawns as well as from
Penaeus sp. cultured in India.
Causal agents: Vibrio sp, Pseudomonas sp
and Beneckea sp .
3.BROWN SPOT SHELL DISEASE

31. Control measure: Providing better water quality, removal of infected and dead prawns,
reducing the stock and adequate nutrition help to control the disease.
Treatment:
Feeding terramycin incorporated feed at 0.45 mg per kg of feed for two weeks, bath
treatment using 0.05 to 1. 0 mg of malachite green per litre of water are suggested.
BROWN SPOT SHELL DISEASE CON…

32.  i. Perform regular water changes.
 ii. Keep the tank clean.
 iii. Clean the filter regularly.
 iv. Avoid overcrowding the tank.
 v. Use flake foods within one month of opening.
 vi. Use disinfect nets and other equipments.
• If the tank is well maintained, and the fish fed a healthy diet, outbreaks of any bacterial disease
are unlikely..
PREVENTION: