1. The document discusses strategies for libraries and librarians during the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines three main strategies: providing public health awareness through research on COVID-19, supporting researchers through access to relevant studies and literature, and fulfilling the research needs of library users remotely.
2. Many libraries closed completely during lockdowns, while others provided only minimal services like curbside pickup. Remote services became important, including providing digital content, online reference services, and education on using e-resources.
3. Librarians helped raise awareness of preventive measures and advise on avoiding misinformation. They supported medical researchers through literature and kept users engaged through online activities, fulfilling research needs remotely through tools like Zoom.
The document discusses the role of social media in spreading information and misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores how social media was used to spread information about the virus, coordinate social movements, and also spread falsehoods. The pandemic generated a lot of rumors and fake news on social media regarding the disease that sometimes aimed to spread fear. Therefore, people need to be cautious of misinformation on social media and fact check information regarding the pandemic.
THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE ENJOYMENT OF LEGAL FREEDOMSAkashSharma618775
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most
people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without
requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. The disease was
discovered in December 2019. On 31st December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases of unknown cause was detected
in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). COVID-19 has caused States to restrict movements, closed down schools,
major markets and churches and thus the virus has serious impact on the enjoyment of legal freedoms. Covid-19
has very devastating effects on economic activities generally and thus the urgent need to reduce the spread but the
situation in Cameroon is difficult to handle as the negative impacts of the virus are further compounded by lack of
support from the government to boost economic activities like supporting small businesses with funding and
reducing taxes for big enterprises so as to reduce costs and encourage production. The general objective of this
paper is to critically examine the negative impact of COVID-19 on the enjoyment of legal freedoms. One of the
main findings of the paper is that Cameroon as a State committed to the protection of its citizens’ rights has
ratified treaties protecting human rights of people including legal freedoms and thus to eradicate the impact
COVID-19 has on these legal freedoms, the work strongly recommends that as disease outbreaks are not likely to
disappear in the near future, proactive international actions are required to not only save lives but also protect
economic prosperity.
COVID-19 Facts vs Opinion: Nonchalant Responses of The Indonesian PeopleJosephineSurya2
This paper is submitted to fulfill the English 2 Final Exam Project study program Industrial Engineering 2nd semester Buddhi Dharma University, Tangerang. Lecturer: Dra. Harisa Mardiana, M.Pd.
The defence of teaching philosophy as the noble discipline to the teachersAkashSharma618775
As students of philosophy there has always been a wonder about what the work of philosophers is and
what do they teach their students. The wonder of this nature becomes manifest when one has to become one of the
philosophers himself. Having heard it as a saying that “to err is human”, it then becomes inevitable to wonder
humans are really what they perceive themselves as or something else. One of the crucial things to note is that if
humans get deceived in the perception of themselves then all what they engage in will not be authentically of
service to humanity. This speaks to the issue of the way in which human interactions are guided by their will or, if
true, something in a form of a supernatural being outside themselves. Exploring such mindboggling issues around
human existence might guide a philosopher of education to understand what really makes a person be, and at what
point do philosophical teachings make guided students. In most cases students want to receive fair and just
education. But without teachings of critical thinking that philosophers of education emphasize, teachers will
always delve into matters of morality and forget the thought aspect that forms the basis of teaching itself. Although
morality in any form of education is paramount, but it is most important to at least know the fundamental
underpinnings of that morality. When teachers do not study philosophy their understanding of the applied
curriculum remains shallow and proper application of it might be hindered. Without saying that morality
education and curriculum knowledge is non-profiting, the argument here is that it is always most beneficial to
know the foundations of those things from their philosophical beginnings. It is in that backdrop that usage of
analytic theoretical framework will be employed in this paper to explore errors and other accurate uncertainties
that make life and its experiences almost certain
INFLUENCE OF BAKIGA CULTURAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES ON MANAGEMENT OF CORONA VI...AkashSharma618775
The focus of this discourse is to construct an understanding of cultural beliefs and practices on the
influence and spread of corona virus as viewed from lenses of medical sociology. This review starts from the
premise that we need a sociology of health agenda to manage the corona virus epidemic. The study points to the
fact that cultural beliefs are an unsung aspect in our understanding of the sociology of health particularly in the
management of corona virus despite the role of describing social behavior in other disciplines, including utilization
of medicine itself. Some cultural fanatics among the Bakiga hold several casual beliefs that Corona Virus is a
disease of the West (most developed countries) and therefore, Africans are an exception. Another competing belief
is that most Africans have endured harsh conditions which made them develop immunity against the virus.
Another argument is that Africans have been infected by flu and common cold and therefore, their body has
requisite immunity to fight COVID 19.Culture in health interventions seems to have three domains of health
beliefs and behavior that should be taken into account: (1) Cultural Identity, (2) Relationships and Expectations,
and (3) Cultural Empowerment. It is essential to maximize the wealth of experience that emerges both from
anthropological and sociological analysis of epidemic responses in different contexts for similar airborne diseases,
including historical analyses. Although the socio-cultural practices of the Bakiga highlighted in this work have
been shown to contribute to the spread of COVID 19, any future efforts to eradicate and/or contain these
outbreaks should also include the medical sociologist on the African continent as the dearth of them was the main
structural contributor to the course of the pandemic.
The document discusses the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the healthcare industry. It notes that over 33 million Americans have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and almost 600,000 have died. This has resulted in $50.7 billion per month in lost revenue for U.S. hospitals. Healthcare workers are also at higher risk of severe COVID-19 infections. The pandemic has caused issues like transmission risks for patients and staff, lost productivity from infected workers, and loss of revenue. With the COVID-19 vaccine rollout starting in late 2020, hospitals now face an ethical dilemma around whether they should mandate vaccines for employees.
The document discusses the role of social media in spreading information and misinformation during the COVID-19 pandemic. It explores how social media was used to spread information about the virus, coordinate social movements, and also spread falsehoods. The pandemic generated a lot of rumors and fake news on social media regarding the disease that sometimes aimed to spread fear. Therefore, people need to be cautious of misinformation on social media and fact check information regarding the pandemic.
THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE ENJOYMENT OF LEGAL FREEDOMSAkashSharma618775
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most
people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without
requiring special treatment. Older people and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular
disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness. The disease was
discovered in December 2019. On 31st December 2019, a series of pneumonia cases of unknown cause was detected
in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). COVID-19 has caused States to restrict movements, closed down schools,
major markets and churches and thus the virus has serious impact on the enjoyment of legal freedoms. Covid-19
has very devastating effects on economic activities generally and thus the urgent need to reduce the spread but the
situation in Cameroon is difficult to handle as the negative impacts of the virus are further compounded by lack of
support from the government to boost economic activities like supporting small businesses with funding and
reducing taxes for big enterprises so as to reduce costs and encourage production. The general objective of this
paper is to critically examine the negative impact of COVID-19 on the enjoyment of legal freedoms. One of the
main findings of the paper is that Cameroon as a State committed to the protection of its citizens’ rights has
ratified treaties protecting human rights of people including legal freedoms and thus to eradicate the impact
COVID-19 has on these legal freedoms, the work strongly recommends that as disease outbreaks are not likely to
disappear in the near future, proactive international actions are required to not only save lives but also protect
economic prosperity.
COVID-19 Facts vs Opinion: Nonchalant Responses of The Indonesian PeopleJosephineSurya2
This paper is submitted to fulfill the English 2 Final Exam Project study program Industrial Engineering 2nd semester Buddhi Dharma University, Tangerang. Lecturer: Dra. Harisa Mardiana, M.Pd.
The defence of teaching philosophy as the noble discipline to the teachersAkashSharma618775
As students of philosophy there has always been a wonder about what the work of philosophers is and
what do they teach their students. The wonder of this nature becomes manifest when one has to become one of the
philosophers himself. Having heard it as a saying that “to err is human”, it then becomes inevitable to wonder
humans are really what they perceive themselves as or something else. One of the crucial things to note is that if
humans get deceived in the perception of themselves then all what they engage in will not be authentically of
service to humanity. This speaks to the issue of the way in which human interactions are guided by their will or, if
true, something in a form of a supernatural being outside themselves. Exploring such mindboggling issues around
human existence might guide a philosopher of education to understand what really makes a person be, and at what
point do philosophical teachings make guided students. In most cases students want to receive fair and just
education. But without teachings of critical thinking that philosophers of education emphasize, teachers will
always delve into matters of morality and forget the thought aspect that forms the basis of teaching itself. Although
morality in any form of education is paramount, but it is most important to at least know the fundamental
underpinnings of that morality. When teachers do not study philosophy their understanding of the applied
curriculum remains shallow and proper application of it might be hindered. Without saying that morality
education and curriculum knowledge is non-profiting, the argument here is that it is always most beneficial to
know the foundations of those things from their philosophical beginnings. It is in that backdrop that usage of
analytic theoretical framework will be employed in this paper to explore errors and other accurate uncertainties
that make life and its experiences almost certain
INFLUENCE OF BAKIGA CULTURAL BELIEFS AND PRACTICES ON MANAGEMENT OF CORONA VI...AkashSharma618775
The focus of this discourse is to construct an understanding of cultural beliefs and practices on the
influence and spread of corona virus as viewed from lenses of medical sociology. This review starts from the
premise that we need a sociology of health agenda to manage the corona virus epidemic. The study points to the
fact that cultural beliefs are an unsung aspect in our understanding of the sociology of health particularly in the
management of corona virus despite the role of describing social behavior in other disciplines, including utilization
of medicine itself. Some cultural fanatics among the Bakiga hold several casual beliefs that Corona Virus is a
disease of the West (most developed countries) and therefore, Africans are an exception. Another competing belief
is that most Africans have endured harsh conditions which made them develop immunity against the virus.
Another argument is that Africans have been infected by flu and common cold and therefore, their body has
requisite immunity to fight COVID 19.Culture in health interventions seems to have three domains of health
beliefs and behavior that should be taken into account: (1) Cultural Identity, (2) Relationships and Expectations,
and (3) Cultural Empowerment. It is essential to maximize the wealth of experience that emerges both from
anthropological and sociological analysis of epidemic responses in different contexts for similar airborne diseases,
including historical analyses. Although the socio-cultural practices of the Bakiga highlighted in this work have
been shown to contribute to the spread of COVID 19, any future efforts to eradicate and/or contain these
outbreaks should also include the medical sociologist on the African continent as the dearth of them was the main
structural contributor to the course of the pandemic.
The document discusses the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the healthcare industry. It notes that over 33 million Americans have been diagnosed with COVID-19 and almost 600,000 have died. This has resulted in $50.7 billion per month in lost revenue for U.S. hospitals. Healthcare workers are also at higher risk of severe COVID-19 infections. The pandemic has caused issues like transmission risks for patients and staff, lost productivity from infected workers, and loss of revenue. With the COVID-19 vaccine rollout starting in late 2020, hospitals now face an ethical dilemma around whether they should mandate vaccines for employees.
COVID-19 BEST PPT EVER MADE (FULLY DETAILED)SHAURYAANCHAL
HELLO FRIENDS THIS IS THE BEST PPT MADE ON COVID 19 AND VERY INFORMATIVE CONTENT EVER MADE.
YOU CAN USE THIS IN YOUR SCHOOL PROJECT OR IN OTHER ARTICLES, YOU ALSO DON'T NEED TO SEARCH OVER EACH TOPIC IN INTERNET.
THE WHOLE PPT(POWERPOINT PRESENTATION) IS ENOUGH FOR YOU.
ALL THE BEST FOR YOUR PROJECT/WORK
REGARDS/MADE BY
SHAURYA ANCHAL
EMAIL ID : shauryaanchalofficial@gmail.com
How to compatibilize the health problems of the population with the economy p...Fernando Alcoforado
This document discusses how to balance health and economic issues arising from the coronavirus pandemic. It argues that total social distancing is necessary until a cure or vaccine is developed to avoid overwhelming health systems. However, social distancing harms the economy by reducing consumption and causing job losses and business closures. The author proposes governments provide support to the unemployed, poor and small businesses during social distancing to minimize economic damage until a vaccine is available, which may not be for 12-18 months. The crisis also highlights the need for countries to increase self-sufficiency in essential goods to reduce dependence on imports.
Final exam english ii reynaldi 20160700011Reynaldi18
The document summarizes the spread of COVID-19 from China to other countries in early 2020. It describes the symptoms and transmission of the virus, as well as control measures taken like travel restrictions. Analysis suggested the quarantine around Wuhan only modestly delayed spread within China. There were no specific antiviral treatments available yet. WHO is working to develop vaccines and coordinate the global response. Proper hygiene and social distancing are encouraged to slow transmission until a vaccine is found.
Tourism Industry amid Pandemics Comparative Assessment of Past Outbreaks and ...ijtsrd
Covid 19 has reportedly shattered all previous records of outbreaks. Never a one expected the outbreak, which began in late December 2019, to spread quickly all across the globe, be devastating, and turn the global business upside down. SARS, Ebola Virus Disease EVD , MERS CoV, and other diseases brought about modest casualities in a smaller geographic area, therefore, Covid 19 was predicted to behave similarly at first. But this was not the case. Humans continuously lost their lives and faced financial hardships. Undoubtedly, tourism is amongst the most troubled industries. This research is a review of the literature. On the basis of facts and figures and prior studies, a comparison of the effects of prior outbreaks vis a vis Covid 19 on the tourism business has been attempted in this paper. Covid 19 and previous epidemics are so dissimilar, based on the facts and statistics gathered, that they cant be compared. Covid 19 has been the most hazardous viruses to live with owing to its instant spread, geographic distribution, several individuals who have died as a result of it, and the negative implications it has had across the region. Rajeev Ranjan Mishra | Pallavi Tandon "Tourism Industry amid Pandemics: Comparative Assessment of Past Outbreaks and Covid-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46434.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/46434/tourism-industry-amid-pandemics-comparative-assessment-of-past-outbreaks-and-covid19/rajeev-ranjan-mishra
COVID-19 Pandemic: Management emergencies response and lesson learned from th...IJAEMSJORNAL
This article reviews best practices and lessons learned for emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic from various countries around the world based on a literature review. The key lessons identified include: establishing extensive public health infrastructure; building temporary hospitals; implementing effective isolation and quarantine methods; increasing social distancing; using digital surveillance systems; gaining community involvement; enacting lockdowns as a last resort; and considering crisis management from an Islamic perspective. The article concludes that emergency response and decision making play a very influential role in controlling the spread of COVID-19.
Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the emerging generationsMark McCrindle
Throughout history there have always defining moments for different generations. For the Baby Boomers it was the Moon Landing. For Generation X it was the Stock Market Crash and for the Millennials it was September 11. For the
emerging generations – Generation Z (born 1995-2009) and Generation Alpha
(born since 2010) – it might have been Donald Trump’s election or Brexit, until
COVID-19 took hold of the world in 2020.
This global pandemic stopped social gatherings, halted the economy and
significantly disrupted the normal rhythms of life. It has had an unprecedented
impact on a global scale with world leaders putting measures in place, the likes
of which have only been seen in response to the World Wars and the Great
Depression.
From how we shop, to how we work, engage in community, learn, educate,
contribute and lead, COVID-19 and our response is marking a significant
societal shift. The impacts of which will be felt even after the virus is kept under
control. All of this change is truly unprecedented, especially for the younger
generations who have only read about similar responses to a crisis of this scale
in history books.
While people of all generations have been impacted by COVID-19, it stands to
define those who are coming of age during it, with more than four in five adults
we surveyed (84%) agreeing that the COVID-19 pandemic will play a significant
role in shaping the children of today. Both the virus itself and the response has
already influenced the next generation’s sentiment, behaviour and lifestyle.
The impacts will continue beyond when it is kept under control and we emerge
out of ‘iso’ (isolation) as many Gen Zeds are calling it. This virus and the world’s
response to it is set to shape the emerging generations and their future for
many years to come.
While these uncertain times can cause justified anxiety and concern, it is also
in these times that we see community and human connectedness shining
brightly. In challenging times, we see the positive and resilient aspects of the
human spirit as we come together to respond to a changing world. This is true
of the emerging generations as well, as this once in a century crisis stands to
shape them and their future.
This paper is authored by Mark McCrindle and Ashley Fell, two social
researchers who are leading authorities on the emerging generations. We
believe this complimentary whitepaper will be invaluable for you in navigating
and leading through times of change.
- Africans are seriously concerned about COVID-19, with 85% of respondents citing concern and 60% saying they are very concerned. Concern is highest in countries with confirmed cases like Kenya and Nigeria.
- However, 57% of Africans do not expect to be personally affected, possibly because initial cases were foreigners or travelers rather than average citizens. Expectations of being affected are higher in South Africa and Ghana with more cases.
- Africans are seeking information about COVID-19 from multiple digital channels like internet, social media, television and radio. Those learning from friends and family express the most concern at 40%. Social media and internet users follow at 35% concern.
All Kinds of Impact Analysis of Prolonged Lockdown or Quarantine by Taking Ba...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study analyzing the various impacts of prolonged lockdown or quarantine by using Bangladesh as an example. The study examines the economic losses and socioeconomic distress caused by a more than two month quarantine in Bangladesh. It also investigates the associations between long periods of quarantine and resulting psychological problems, including stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms that can persist for months or years after quarantine. The document reviews previous research on the negative psychological effects experienced by those quarantined during past disease outbreaks.
COVID-19: What went right, what went wrong and how do we learn from this? John Middleton
Look at UK English and European experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Successes and failures. Presentation for a meeting of the Centre for Health and Development (CHAD) University of Staffordshire. Centre via recorded lecture, Thursday, 28 October 2021 12:00 211027 4 definitive middleton chad conference final
Video presentation also to be available online
Short panel presentation given in the context of the AI4EU WebCafe "The COVID-19 and Contact Tracing Apps" on June 23rd 2020, focusing on the problem of COVID-19 misinformation and how this could potentially affect the adoption of contact tracing apps.
1) The document discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of working professionals. It notes that the isolation, fear of infection, economic instability, and other stressors of the pandemic can cause increased anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues for workers.
2) Key stressors during the pandemic identified are the perception of risk of infection, overload of information and misinformation, social stigma, and impacts of quarantines such as confinement. Stressors after the pandemic may include economic losses and job instability.
3) The paper analyzes moderating factors that may reduce or worsen the mental health impacts and provides guidelines for organizations to mitigate the effects, such as through effective communication and support
The Things You Should Known About Covid-19 Exam / project English 2 or II Eng...RelinoLeon
COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. It has caused over 16,600 deaths worldwide and infected over 380,000 people. The document discusses Indonesia's response to the outbreak, including an initial 14-day lockdown to limit transmission. It also explains the importance of compliance with government policies like social distancing to avoid panic and reduce spread. Spreading misinformation about COVID-19 can result in legal penalties under Indonesian law.
Die Zukunft ist rosig, die Zukunft ist die öffentliche GesundheitJohn Middleton
The future's bright, the future is public health. Presentation to the MPH students introductory course Bielefeld University School of public Health, October 11th 2021. 211011 2 middleton j bielefeld main
Tunisia is in a transition stage with a new government that must address the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several possible post-COVID scenarios depending on government performance and vaccine development. The document outlines 4 scenarios: 1) "Stairway to Heaven" if government performance is excellent and a vaccine is found. 2) "Country Road" if government performs well but no vaccine. 3) "You've Got a Friend" if government performs poorly but a vaccine is found. 4) "Epitaph" if government and vaccine efforts both fail. Each scenario discusses the potential political, economic, health and social impacts.
Nepal's readiness and response to pandemic covid 19Ndrc Nepal
This document discusses Nepal's readiness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines key initiatives taken at the federal, provincial, and local levels in Nepal. At the federal level, initiatives included suspending international flights, closing borders, setting up testing centers, improving healthcare systems, and regularizing private hospital services. Provinces established funds and preparedness plans, including quarantine facilities and health checkpoints. The pandemic has posed major challenges for Nepal's health system and response efforts due to its rapid spread and impact on all aspects of society.
Government strategies in the covid 19 vaccination programssuserc3d5aa
The document discusses government strategies for COVID-19 vaccination programs in Palu, Indonesia. It describes the policy model applied for COVID-19 vaccination in Palu as a centralized institutional model where the central government regulates and procures vaccines while the local government implements vaccination campaigns. The local government of Palu issued 7 policies to accelerate vaccination, including establishing vaccine rangers, ambassadors, festivals, and collaborating with community leaders to provide vaccination centers and increase the number of vaccinators.
Fact and opinion about covid 19 outbreak DebbieInesyia
This document discusses the Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia. It provides background on the origins and spread of the virus globally and in Indonesia. Key points discussed include the economic and social impacts of the outbreak in Indonesia, including lockdown policies implemented by the government and their effects. The document also examines the pressure the outbreak has put on healthcare systems and risks to medical workers. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of following government regulations and maintaining calm during the pandemic.
The document discusses the theoretical framework for understanding the impact of implementing Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in Alion, Mariveles. It reviews relevant theories and literature on quarantine and pandemics. Studies show that quarantine can effectively reduce transmission by isolating cases, but it also has economic and psychological costs. The conceptual framework identifies independent variables like age, sex, and socioeconomic status, and dependent variables like perception of the quarantine's informativeness and security. The hypothesis is that these factors may influence perceptions of the quarantine's effectiveness.
COVID-19 amenaza con convertirse en una de las pruebas más difíciles que enfrenta la humanidad en la historia moderna. Como
la pandemia se ha extendido se ha cobrado vidas, ha provocado ansiedad y drama político, ha abrumado la salud
sistemas, y provocó un cambio geopolítico potencialmente duradero. El Fondo Monetario Internacional dice que
La economía mundial se enfrenta ahora a su peor recesión desde la Gran Depresión, y Oxfam Internacional ha
advirtió que 500 millones de personas podrían caer en la pobreza como resultado de la crisis en curso. Alrededor
En el mundo, se están realizando esfuerzos desesperados para contener lo que se ha convertido en un brote profundamente perturbador.
COVID-19 BEST PPT EVER MADE (FULLY DETAILED)SHAURYAANCHAL
HELLO FRIENDS THIS IS THE BEST PPT MADE ON COVID 19 AND VERY INFORMATIVE CONTENT EVER MADE.
YOU CAN USE THIS IN YOUR SCHOOL PROJECT OR IN OTHER ARTICLES, YOU ALSO DON'T NEED TO SEARCH OVER EACH TOPIC IN INTERNET.
THE WHOLE PPT(POWERPOINT PRESENTATION) IS ENOUGH FOR YOU.
ALL THE BEST FOR YOUR PROJECT/WORK
REGARDS/MADE BY
SHAURYA ANCHAL
EMAIL ID : shauryaanchalofficial@gmail.com
How to compatibilize the health problems of the population with the economy p...Fernando Alcoforado
This document discusses how to balance health and economic issues arising from the coronavirus pandemic. It argues that total social distancing is necessary until a cure or vaccine is developed to avoid overwhelming health systems. However, social distancing harms the economy by reducing consumption and causing job losses and business closures. The author proposes governments provide support to the unemployed, poor and small businesses during social distancing to minimize economic damage until a vaccine is available, which may not be for 12-18 months. The crisis also highlights the need for countries to increase self-sufficiency in essential goods to reduce dependence on imports.
Final exam english ii reynaldi 20160700011Reynaldi18
The document summarizes the spread of COVID-19 from China to other countries in early 2020. It describes the symptoms and transmission of the virus, as well as control measures taken like travel restrictions. Analysis suggested the quarantine around Wuhan only modestly delayed spread within China. There were no specific antiviral treatments available yet. WHO is working to develop vaccines and coordinate the global response. Proper hygiene and social distancing are encouraged to slow transmission until a vaccine is found.
Tourism Industry amid Pandemics Comparative Assessment of Past Outbreaks and ...ijtsrd
Covid 19 has reportedly shattered all previous records of outbreaks. Never a one expected the outbreak, which began in late December 2019, to spread quickly all across the globe, be devastating, and turn the global business upside down. SARS, Ebola Virus Disease EVD , MERS CoV, and other diseases brought about modest casualities in a smaller geographic area, therefore, Covid 19 was predicted to behave similarly at first. But this was not the case. Humans continuously lost their lives and faced financial hardships. Undoubtedly, tourism is amongst the most troubled industries. This research is a review of the literature. On the basis of facts and figures and prior studies, a comparison of the effects of prior outbreaks vis a vis Covid 19 on the tourism business has been attempted in this paper. Covid 19 and previous epidemics are so dissimilar, based on the facts and statistics gathered, that they cant be compared. Covid 19 has been the most hazardous viruses to live with owing to its instant spread, geographic distribution, several individuals who have died as a result of it, and the negative implications it has had across the region. Rajeev Ranjan Mishra | Pallavi Tandon "Tourism Industry amid Pandemics: Comparative Assessment of Past Outbreaks and Covid-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46434.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/46434/tourism-industry-amid-pandemics-comparative-assessment-of-past-outbreaks-and-covid19/rajeev-ranjan-mishra
COVID-19 Pandemic: Management emergencies response and lesson learned from th...IJAEMSJORNAL
This article reviews best practices and lessons learned for emergency response to the COVID-19 pandemic from various countries around the world based on a literature review. The key lessons identified include: establishing extensive public health infrastructure; building temporary hospitals; implementing effective isolation and quarantine methods; increasing social distancing; using digital surveillance systems; gaining community involvement; enacting lockdowns as a last resort; and considering crisis management from an Islamic perspective. The article concludes that emergency response and decision making play a very influential role in controlling the spread of COVID-19.
Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on the emerging generationsMark McCrindle
Throughout history there have always defining moments for different generations. For the Baby Boomers it was the Moon Landing. For Generation X it was the Stock Market Crash and for the Millennials it was September 11. For the
emerging generations – Generation Z (born 1995-2009) and Generation Alpha
(born since 2010) – it might have been Donald Trump’s election or Brexit, until
COVID-19 took hold of the world in 2020.
This global pandemic stopped social gatherings, halted the economy and
significantly disrupted the normal rhythms of life. It has had an unprecedented
impact on a global scale with world leaders putting measures in place, the likes
of which have only been seen in response to the World Wars and the Great
Depression.
From how we shop, to how we work, engage in community, learn, educate,
contribute and lead, COVID-19 and our response is marking a significant
societal shift. The impacts of which will be felt even after the virus is kept under
control. All of this change is truly unprecedented, especially for the younger
generations who have only read about similar responses to a crisis of this scale
in history books.
While people of all generations have been impacted by COVID-19, it stands to
define those who are coming of age during it, with more than four in five adults
we surveyed (84%) agreeing that the COVID-19 pandemic will play a significant
role in shaping the children of today. Both the virus itself and the response has
already influenced the next generation’s sentiment, behaviour and lifestyle.
The impacts will continue beyond when it is kept under control and we emerge
out of ‘iso’ (isolation) as many Gen Zeds are calling it. This virus and the world’s
response to it is set to shape the emerging generations and their future for
many years to come.
While these uncertain times can cause justified anxiety and concern, it is also
in these times that we see community and human connectedness shining
brightly. In challenging times, we see the positive and resilient aspects of the
human spirit as we come together to respond to a changing world. This is true
of the emerging generations as well, as this once in a century crisis stands to
shape them and their future.
This paper is authored by Mark McCrindle and Ashley Fell, two social
researchers who are leading authorities on the emerging generations. We
believe this complimentary whitepaper will be invaluable for you in navigating
and leading through times of change.
- Africans are seriously concerned about COVID-19, with 85% of respondents citing concern and 60% saying they are very concerned. Concern is highest in countries with confirmed cases like Kenya and Nigeria.
- However, 57% of Africans do not expect to be personally affected, possibly because initial cases were foreigners or travelers rather than average citizens. Expectations of being affected are higher in South Africa and Ghana with more cases.
- Africans are seeking information about COVID-19 from multiple digital channels like internet, social media, television and radio. Those learning from friends and family express the most concern at 40%. Social media and internet users follow at 35% concern.
All Kinds of Impact Analysis of Prolonged Lockdown or Quarantine by Taking Ba...ijtsrd
This document summarizes a study analyzing the various impacts of prolonged lockdown or quarantine by using Bangladesh as an example. The study examines the economic losses and socioeconomic distress caused by a more than two month quarantine in Bangladesh. It also investigates the associations between long periods of quarantine and resulting psychological problems, including stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms that can persist for months or years after quarantine. The document reviews previous research on the negative psychological effects experienced by those quarantined during past disease outbreaks.
COVID-19: What went right, what went wrong and how do we learn from this? John Middleton
Look at UK English and European experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Successes and failures. Presentation for a meeting of the Centre for Health and Development (CHAD) University of Staffordshire. Centre via recorded lecture, Thursday, 28 October 2021 12:00 211027 4 definitive middleton chad conference final
Video presentation also to be available online
Short panel presentation given in the context of the AI4EU WebCafe "The COVID-19 and Contact Tracing Apps" on June 23rd 2020, focusing on the problem of COVID-19 misinformation and how this could potentially affect the adoption of contact tracing apps.
1) The document discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of working professionals. It notes that the isolation, fear of infection, economic instability, and other stressors of the pandemic can cause increased anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues for workers.
2) Key stressors during the pandemic identified are the perception of risk of infection, overload of information and misinformation, social stigma, and impacts of quarantines such as confinement. Stressors after the pandemic may include economic losses and job instability.
3) The paper analyzes moderating factors that may reduce or worsen the mental health impacts and provides guidelines for organizations to mitigate the effects, such as through effective communication and support
The Things You Should Known About Covid-19 Exam / project English 2 or II Eng...RelinoLeon
COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. It has caused over 16,600 deaths worldwide and infected over 380,000 people. The document discusses Indonesia's response to the outbreak, including an initial 14-day lockdown to limit transmission. It also explains the importance of compliance with government policies like social distancing to avoid panic and reduce spread. Spreading misinformation about COVID-19 can result in legal penalties under Indonesian law.
Die Zukunft ist rosig, die Zukunft ist die öffentliche GesundheitJohn Middleton
The future's bright, the future is public health. Presentation to the MPH students introductory course Bielefeld University School of public Health, October 11th 2021. 211011 2 middleton j bielefeld main
Tunisia is in a transition stage with a new government that must address the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several possible post-COVID scenarios depending on government performance and vaccine development. The document outlines 4 scenarios: 1) "Stairway to Heaven" if government performance is excellent and a vaccine is found. 2) "Country Road" if government performs well but no vaccine. 3) "You've Got a Friend" if government performs poorly but a vaccine is found. 4) "Epitaph" if government and vaccine efforts both fail. Each scenario discusses the potential political, economic, health and social impacts.
Nepal's readiness and response to pandemic covid 19Ndrc Nepal
This document discusses Nepal's readiness and response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It outlines key initiatives taken at the federal, provincial, and local levels in Nepal. At the federal level, initiatives included suspending international flights, closing borders, setting up testing centers, improving healthcare systems, and regularizing private hospital services. Provinces established funds and preparedness plans, including quarantine facilities and health checkpoints. The pandemic has posed major challenges for Nepal's health system and response efforts due to its rapid spread and impact on all aspects of society.
Government strategies in the covid 19 vaccination programssuserc3d5aa
The document discusses government strategies for COVID-19 vaccination programs in Palu, Indonesia. It describes the policy model applied for COVID-19 vaccination in Palu as a centralized institutional model where the central government regulates and procures vaccines while the local government implements vaccination campaigns. The local government of Palu issued 7 policies to accelerate vaccination, including establishing vaccine rangers, ambassadors, festivals, and collaborating with community leaders to provide vaccination centers and increase the number of vaccinators.
Fact and opinion about covid 19 outbreak DebbieInesyia
This document discusses the Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia. It provides background on the origins and spread of the virus globally and in Indonesia. Key points discussed include the economic and social impacts of the outbreak in Indonesia, including lockdown policies implemented by the government and their effects. The document also examines the pressure the outbreak has put on healthcare systems and risks to medical workers. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of following government regulations and maintaining calm during the pandemic.
The document discusses the theoretical framework for understanding the impact of implementing Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ) in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in Alion, Mariveles. It reviews relevant theories and literature on quarantine and pandemics. Studies show that quarantine can effectively reduce transmission by isolating cases, but it also has economic and psychological costs. The conceptual framework identifies independent variables like age, sex, and socioeconomic status, and dependent variables like perception of the quarantine's informativeness and security. The hypothesis is that these factors may influence perceptions of the quarantine's effectiveness.
COVID-19 amenaza con convertirse en una de las pruebas más difíciles que enfrenta la humanidad en la historia moderna. Como
la pandemia se ha extendido se ha cobrado vidas, ha provocado ansiedad y drama político, ha abrumado la salud
sistemas, y provocó un cambio geopolítico potencialmente duradero. El Fondo Monetario Internacional dice que
La economía mundial se enfrenta ahora a su peor recesión desde la Gran Depresión, y Oxfam Internacional ha
advirtió que 500 millones de personas podrían caer en la pobreza como resultado de la crisis en curso. Alrededor
En el mundo, se están realizando esfuerzos desesperados para contener lo que se ha convertido en un brote profundamente perturbador.
The Role of Science Education in Secondary Schools in Curbing Covid 19 Pandemicijtsrd
Science Education equips individuals with skills, knowledge and ability to handle societal challenges such as Corona virus pandemic. The role of education to ensure effective community engagement for curbing COVID 19 impartation on society includes knowledge, self efficiency and trust. Functions of science education to students and society were ex rayed. COVID 19 impact on science education and education in general was examined. School closure was employed as a measure to shut down the spread of the disease. The roles of science educators in the pandemic period among others include how history of science traced other pandemics and how they were able to tackle and downplay political ambitions of the government over the pandemic. Awareness campaigns on mitigation of COVID 19 impact revealed efforts of many countries to fight the monster – COVID 19. Chikendu, Rebecca E | Okoli, Josephine N | Ejesi, Nkori "The Role of Science Education in Secondary Schools in Curbing Covid-19 Pandemic" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38558.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/38558/the-role-of-science-education-in-secondary-schools-in-curbing-covid19-pandemic/chikendu-rebecca-e
This document discusses several economic, social, and personal issues raised by the COVID-19 pandemic according to discussions in online support groups for social workers. Key topics discussed include maintaining essential social services for at-risk populations during lockdowns, reinventing service delivery models to enable physical distancing, managing child protection cases remotely, balancing personal and professional responsibilities, and developing self-care strategies to prevent burnout. The groups provided a space for social workers to share challenges, solutions, and emotional support during an uncertain time.
The Covid-19 pandemic began in December 2019 and has since infected over 29 million people worldwide, causing over 900,000 deaths. The rapid spread of the virus to over 200 countries has disrupted economies and societies, with tens of millions at risk of falling into extreme poverty or food insecurity. Governments have implemented various measures to control the spread, from strict lockdowns and quarantines to more relaxed policies, but contact tracing and limiting interpersonal interactions are seen as key to reducing transmission rates. Proper preventative measures include social distancing, masks, hand hygiene, ventilation and vaccination when available.
COVID-19: Knowledge Base, Attitudes and Practices among Practising Journalist...Premier Publishers
The document discusses a study that examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of journalists in Abuja, Nigeria regarding COVID-19. The study utilized the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) model to assess how journalists' knowledge impacted their attitudes and behaviors related to COVID-19 protocols. The study found that journalists had generally good knowledge of COVID-19, which positively influenced their attitudes. However, their knowledge did not strongly correlate with adopting recommended practices. The study suggests journalists must follow public health protocols to effectively spread COVID-19 information to the public and encourage adherence to containment measures.
Pandemics (coronavirus disease-2019), experiences, lessons learn, and the futureBRNSSPublicationHubI
The document summarizes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses how the pandemic has led to dramatic loss of life and presents an unprecedented public health and economic crisis. It has disrupted food systems and put millions of livelihoods at risk. Vulnerable groups like informal workers and migrant workers have been particularly impacted due to lack of social protections and access to healthcare. Immediate action is needed to save lives and livelihoods through social protections like income support and healthcare access. The pandemic has significantly impacted India's public health system and economy due to its large population size and trade relationships with impacted countries like China.
This document summarizes a research paper that surveys the use of deep learning and medical image processing techniques for detecting and responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses how deep learning has been applied to medical image analysis for various healthcare applications. It then reviews state-of-the-art research applying deep learning to COVID-19 medical imaging for detection and diagnosis. It also presents examples of this approach being used in China, Korea, and Canada. Finally, it discusses challenges and opportunities for further improving deep learning for COVID-19 medical imaging.
Infodemic during COVID-19 Outbreak: the Role of Library ProfessionalsSubhajit Panda
During the COVID-19 pandemic situation, when information outbreak is enormous, it is the time to remind the society of the importance of libraries and librarians in organising and disseminating accurate & reliable information. Accurate information is the key to handling a chaotic situation. The exchange of false information seems to be on the rise. It has created a situation of 'infodemic' as stated by the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO). This has not only affected research work severely but has also created chaos among the laypeople. The present study tries to investigate the attitude, perception & responsibility of a library professional for this purpose as they are the essential provider of information for academic as well as a social community. The study was carried through a short online survey with a structured questionnaire designed on a Google form. A total of 150 respondents (N) was selected for the study over four designated domains viz. Library Assistant, Assistant Librarian, Deputy Librarian and University Librarian. The findings of the study reveal that some part of regular citizen, political leaders, attention seekers & profiteers, and heavily partisan news media are the top responsible sources of infodemic; while WhatsApp & Facebook takes the lead as a major platform for this purpose. Additionally, the study throws light on harms done to people due to this infodemic e.g. anxiety, insomnia, depression and negative thoughts. As an essential practice to fight against such infodemic, all types of library professionals agree to crosscheck information from authentic sources before sharing with others but also take into account updating yourself from time to time with sufficient information as well as not trusting blindly on everything over the internet. Again, the majority of the library professionals agreed with more than one way to stop such infodemic situation, which includes conducting information literacy programmes, social talk, surveys & webinars to ensure mental richness of the user, spreading awareness about official and fake websites, training common people about how to identify & report misinformation etc.
Cooperative A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economyijtsrd
The pandemic economy is an economy inflicted with deadly disease or plague such as the corona virus disease 2019 COVID 19 . The economy is characterized with setbacks in social and economic activities including deaths as a result of the deadly disease. This study therefore examined the COVID 19 Pandemic its meaning, origin and the need to overcome the pandemic. The paper described how global, regional and national cooperation can help overcome the pandemic using cooperative as a platform. However, considering the economic, social and environmental challenges of the pandemic, this paper contends that the cooperative model of enterprise has in recent time proven to be more sustainable and reliable platform for social and economic transformation in the Nigerian economy in the pandemic era for some obvious reasons The paper posited that the government and donor agencies have relied on cooperative in fighting hunger and poverty. The cooperative has also been relied upon for achieving national food security programme. Institutions both educational and other agencies are setting up one form of cooperative organization or the other for solving their social and economic needs. Research has also shown that many micro business owners rely on cooperative group membership for their business growth. Today, the cooperative ideals are spread across all sectors of the economy even without much publicity. Most importantly the pandemic made thousands if not millions of people informal members of cooperative organization in an effort to survive the vicious attack of the pandemic. The paper concludes that it is imperative that a clear cut cooperative sector that will serve as a professional and institutional base for cooperative growth and development in Nigeria be established. Anigbogu, Theresa Ukamaka | Uzochukwu, Lebechukwu David | Akwaekwe, Christian Ikechukwu "Cooperative: A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50361.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/50361/cooperative-a-positive-growth-driver-in-a-pandemic-economy/anigbogu-theresa-ukamaka
Covid-19 And Movement Control Order: Stress and Coping Strategies of Student...Dr. Umair Ahmed
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) led students feel anxious with a constant internal dialogue
of ‘Am I safe?’ that may take a serious toll on their psyche. The self-quarantine and physical
distancing, economic hardship and fears of contracting the disease are likely sources of stress.
Quite apart, students may also experience both physical sufferings and mental stress due to the
news of increasing number of infected cases and reported deaths across the globe. A range of
expert guidelines have been developed by governments and health authorities to curtail the
spread of the virus. This study models a position paper which persuades the reader to realize that
the opinions expressed are valid and could be defended. In gathering supporting evidence, an
online qualitative survey was conducted to examine the stress of students observing self-
quarantine and physical distancing in and around Desa Ilmu and Unigardern in Kota Saramarahan
as well as in apartments at Jalan Kingfisher Sabah. These students were invited as respondents
in this online investigation using interview protocol to take their responses. This study is among
the first to examine the stress and coping strategies of students observing self-quarantine and
physical distancing. The paper may provide useful information about how students cope in
This document provides a summary of key trends related to vaccination. It discusses how vaccine hesitancy has increased around the world in recent decades, potentially undermining public health efforts to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Employers have an important role to play in encouraging vaccination and responsible behavior during pandemics in order to protect public health and enable businesses and the economy to return to normal. However, the spread of misinformation about health issues and vaccines has undermined trust and compliance with public health recommendations. As research on a COVID-19 vaccine continues, effectively countering misinformation will be important for building confidence in any potential vaccine.
Containing the COVID 19 Pandemic in Nigeria A Reflection on Government Action...ijtsrd
The outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic led to the lockdown of the global economy in the early part of the year 2020. In line with the measures recommended by the World Health Organization WHO , countries also introduced further mechanisms based on their respective unique environment to contain the virus. This paper reflected on the citizens’ reactions to government measures in containing the COVID 19 pandemic in Nigeria. Specifically, it reviewed the government’s actions towards containing the virus and how they influenced the citizens’ response. The study was qualitative and focused between March and September 2020. Relying on secondary data that were analyzed through content analysis, we triangulated the Persuasive Communication Theory and Resistance Theory to interrogate the governments actions and the citizens’ reactions. We argued that the governments approach towards containing the virus contributed to i the doubt on the existence of the virus in the country held by some of the citizens, ii the lack of strict observation of precautionary measures and safety regulations, iii the seeming non co operation between the government and the citizens in containing the virus. The implications of this relationship pose challenges for future epidemics, pandemics, and development in the country and could serve as a premise for further research. Vincent Chukwukadibia Onwughalu "Containing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: A Reflection on Government Actions and Citizens Reactions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35701.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/35701/containing-the-covid19-pandemic-in-nigeria-a-reflection-on-government-actions-and-citizens-reactions/vincent-chukwukadibia-onwughalu
Alternative mental health therapies in prolonged lockdowns: narratives from C...Petar Radanliev
This article identifies and reviews alternative (home-based) therapies for prolonged lockdowns. Interdisciplinary study using multi-method approach – case study, action research, grounded theory. Only secondary data has been used in this study. Epistemological framework based on a set of digital humanities tools. The set of tools are based on publicly available, open access techno- logical solutions, enabling generalisability of the findings. Alternative therapies can be integrated in healthcare systems as home-based solutions operating on low-cost technologies.
The term “infodemic”, first coined by Gunther Eysenbach in 2002, refers to the rapid, large-scale dissemination of all kinds of health information and misinformation through a variety of media and information channels.
The term is apt because the global consequences of this mode of information dissemination, which results in an overabundance of information, some of it accurate and some not, resembles the transmission of a pandemic.
The current COVID-19-related infodemic is of such significance that the World Health Organization has created Mythbusters to help stop the spread of misinformation, and multiple disciplines are collaborating in a new field of research – infodemiology – to combat this infodemic.
How can the library and information field respond? The Naseej Academy and Mortenson Center for International Library Programs will present a two-hour webinar on the infodemic during the COVID-19 pandemic for library and information specialists.
Webinar objectives
• Introduce the COVID-19-related infodemic, discuss the need for an information vaccine (Albright, 2016), and describe its significance for libraries.
• Explore solutions that library and information specialists can undertake, through a discussion of experiences with infodemics.
• Present ideas and actions that library and information specialists can undertake as solutions and to prevent the spread of the COVID-19-related infodemic.
Webinar Moderator
Prof. Kendra S. Albright
• Goodyear Endowed Professor in Knowledge Management, School of Information, Kent State University
• Editor-in-Chief for Libri, the international journal of libraries and information studies
• Consultant to numerous corporations and government agencies
Prof. Clara M. Chu
• Director and Mortenson Distinguished Professor, Mortenson Center for International Library Programs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
• 2019–20 President of the Association for Information Science & Technology (ASIS&T)
• Co-developing an institute on artificial intelligence and libraries
Prof. Bharat Mehra
• EBSCO Endowed Chair in Social Justice & Professor, School of Library & Information Studies, University of Alabama
• Leader in diversity and social justice in library and information science (LIS)
• Specialist in community informatics, or the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to enable and empower minority and underserved populations
The negative consequences of Covid-19 pandemic from lockdowns of whole countries, travel bans,
and the closure of shops and service points have disrupted the economic and social balance of the whole world.
Consequently, consumer’s buying behavior and their shopping criteria has been negatively affected. In this
research paper we try to find out the changes
This document proposes assessing lifestyles, public health measures, and their impact on containing COVID-19 transmission in communities in Horo Guduru Wollega, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study will survey 768 individuals across 4 districts on risk factors and prevention practices. Data will be analyzed to identify associations between exposures and infections. The study aims to increase awareness and limit rapid spread in the region through understanding transmission routes and improving prevention measures.
The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted detection, treatment, and control of HIV and TB globally. Resources and focus have shifted towards Covid-19 testing and treatment, leading to an estimated 300,000 missed TB cases in Nigeria alone. Lockdowns and fear of infection have reduced hospital visits for HIV and TB patients. Disruptions to the supply chains of generic drug manufacturers in China threaten medication access in low and middle income countries, which could lead to 500,000 additional HIV deaths. Recommendations include multi-month drug dispensing, telemedicine, and building buffer stocks of key materials.
Similar to Strategy of Libraries and Librarians during COVID-19 by Abid Hussain (20)
The document discusses the poor reading and library culture in Pakistan. It states that without a strong reading and library culture, a nation cannot progress. It outlines some of the key reasons for the poor culture, including limited access to education and economic challenges, inadequate library infrastructure, limited availability of books, cultural priorities that do not emphasize reading, and the impact of technology on reading habits. It concludes that sustained community efforts and strategies that meet evolving needs are necessary to promote reading and library culture in Pakistan.
This document discusses controlled vocabularies and thesaurus construction. It defines a controlled vocabulary as a standardized set of terms used within a specific domain. Thesaurus construction involves multiple steps, including planning scope, conceptualizing hierarchies, collecting words, identifying relationships, validation, and ongoing maintenance. Different types of thesauri serve different purposes, such as general language thesauri, specialized thesauri for domains or languages, and digital thesauri with advanced features.
This document provides information about enumerative and faceted classification schemes. It discusses enumerative classification schemes, noting that they involve assigning unique notations or symbols to predefined categories to create a hierarchical structure for organizing resources. Examples provided include the Library of Congress Classification and Dewey Decimal Classification. The benefits of enumerative schemes are also summarized, including efficient retrieval, consistency, subject browsing, and facilitating information organization. Faceted classification is then introduced as a system that organizes information based on multiple independent attributes or facets, allowing for more precise categorization. The components and benefits of faceted classification are outlined.
The document discusses the indexing process, which involves organizing documents to make them searchable. It describes the key steps in the indexing process, including collecting documents, preprocessing text, tokenization, analysis and normalization, removing common words, stemming words, constructing an index, calculating term frequency and inverse document frequency, extracting metadata, categorization, creating search structures, and integrating the index into a user interface. The indexing process is crucial for information retrieval systems as it impacts the efficiency and accuracy of search results.
Indexing languages are used to assign subject terms or keywords to documents to make them easier to search and retrieve relevant information. Some common indexing languages include Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH), Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), and Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC). There are several types of indexing languages, including controlled vocabulary indexing languages, keyword indexing languages, classification schemes, thesauri, ontologies, alphabetical indexing, numeric indexing, and multimedia indexing.
The document provides advice for starting research by outlining key questions to consider. Researchers should ensure they are interested in their topic, understand how others have addressed it, and can access necessary information, people, and materials. Sufficient time needs to be planned and a rough timetable created. Researchers also need to consider equipment, funding, library access, and support required to complete the project. Addressing these questions early helps lay the groundwork for a successful research project.
The document outlines several key characteristics of qualitative research:
1) Qualitative research involves directly collecting data from participants through interviews and observation to understand their perspectives, opinions, and experiences.
2) The goal is to develop theories and concepts about human behavior and social phenomena by analyzing subjective data from individuals in natural, real-world settings.
3) Qualitative research focuses on discovery, flexibility, and understanding phenomena from the participants' point of view rather than making predetermined hypotheses.
Soft skills are interpersonal skills such as communication, teamwork, and leadership that are important for workplace success. Soft skills include having a positive attitude, strong communication skills, good work ethic, ability to work well in a team, time management, decision making, conflict resolution, critical thinking, networking, empathy, and problem solving skills. Employers value soft skills highly and report they are often more important than technical skills when making hiring decisions.
The document provides 16 tips for improving writing skills, such as brushing up on grammar and spelling, writing regularly, reading more to learn effective writing styles, getting feedback from writing partners, taking writing classes, analyzing and imitating admired writers, outlining and editing writing, accepting that first drafts need revision, finding a patient editor, eliminating unnecessary words, reviewing past work, being direct, thoroughly researching topics, and writing without delay.
The document provides 12 tips to improve English speaking skills, including building a strong foundation by expanding vocabulary, improving pronunciation, learning flow, and building confidence. It recommends techniques like speech shadowing, self-talk, thinking in English, and retelling stories. Regular practice is also emphasized, such as participating in public speaking, attending language cafes, using language apps, and chatting with digital assistants.
The document provides tips for improving communication skills. It discusses that communication skills are important for both personal and professional life as they allow for transferring of information via various means. Some tips provided include preparing what you want to say, simplifying messages, engaging listeners, making eye contact, managing emotions, eliminating filler words, putting away distractions, tailoring messages to the audience, and being empathetic. The document emphasizes that communication skills are a vital life skill and improving them can enhance quality of life.
POSDCORB is an acronym developed in 1937 to organize the U.S. government's administrative system. It stands for Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting. Planning involves identifying tasks needed to achieve objectives. Organizing looks at organizational structure and efficient ways of working. Staffing appoints the right people to the right roles to work effectively. Directing makes decisions and gives instructions to provide direction. Coordinating considers span of control and unity of command to best use resources. Reporting keeps people updated with formal reports and updates. Budgeting balances expenses with income through planning and financial discipline.
This document discusses different types of leadership styles. It outlines 11 types of leadership including democratic, autocratic, laissez-faire, strategic, transformational, transactional, coach-style, bureaucratic, visionary, pacesetting, and situational leadership. Each style is defined in 1-2 sentences with a focus on how decisions are made and how employees are involved and motivated. The document serves to provide an overview of common leadership styles.
The 5 M's of management are money, manpower, materials, machinery, and methods. These factors represent the key resources that management must utilize: (1) Money is used to acquire other resources and generate profits; (2) Manpower refers to personnel who mobilize and utilize physical and financial resources; (3) Materials are the raw materials transformed into products; (4) Machinery processes materials into finished goods; (5) Methods are the systems and procedures that guide efficient operations. Effective management requires establishing goals for deploying these 5 M resources.
Pakistan is lacking in research culture for several reasons. Students are not properly mentored or counseled at the university level to learn research skills. Many youth are distracted by social media instead of research. The English language also poses a barrier to research. Research institutions and universities produce low-quality research that is rarely implemented or accessed beyond library shelves. Both teachers and students are responsible for the low research culture in Pakistan due to a lack of emphasis on critical thinking and encouragement of new ideas. Steps must be taken to improve education quality, counseling, funding, and research facilities in order to develop a strong research culture.
This document lists and describes common interview questions that are often asked by employers during job interviews. The questions cover topics such as telling about yourself, your education, interests, strengths, weaknesses, accomplishments, failures, leadership examples, teamwork examples, goals, and questions for the interviewer. The document provides potential questions an interviewer may ask to learn more about an applicant's background, work style, strengths, and fit for the open position or company.
The document discusses the impact of the internet on reading habits. While the internet provides a wealth of information, it has also negatively impacted traditional reading. Some of the negative impacts include diverting attention from one source to another, overuse of social media by teenagers leaving little time for reading books, and health issues from excessive screen time. However, the internet is also a valuable tool for learning and research. Overall, physical reading of books is still better than reading online due to the internet's potential for distraction and inability to replace libraries and printed materials.
This document discusses potential uses of blockchain technology in library services. It outlines several key characteristics of blockchain such as increased capacity, better security, immutability, faster settlement, and decentralization. It then discusses some potential applications of blockchain for libraries, including digital preservation and tracking, community collections, blockchain-based currencies, interlibrary loans, verifying credentials, and archival collections where provenance is important. Finally, it notes that implementing blockchain in libraries will require addressing factors like project management, resources and funding, defining problems to be solved, and keeping private data secure.
This document discusses library anxiety among undergraduate students at the Faculty of Management Science at the University of Peshawar. A survey was conducted of 262 students, with 244 responses. The results found that students were most anxious about interacting with library staff. This staff behavior contributed significantly to students' library anxiety and inability to effectively use library resources and services, resulting in poorer academic performance. The findings provide insight into reducing library anxiety at the University of Peshawar to improve student success.
Digital learning notions in Higher Education Institutions
Universities have generally adopted new technologies quickly to remain relevant, even before the educational value is proven. Digitalization is transforming the skills needed to succeed in a global economy, affecting both learners and institutions. To overcome challenges like the COVID-19 pandemic, universities have adopted digitalization to provide new opportunities through online and distance learning using digital technologies and management systems. This shift to online learning may continue post-pandemic and impact the global education market. Digital learning environments can influence student motivation and behavior based on the functionality and technical capabilities of the learning platform.
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আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
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Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
2. Strategy of libraries and librarians during COVID-19
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income every day and thinking that when normality will be return. The International labour
organizations estimate that could loss 195 million jobs if the pandemic did not control as
soon as possible. (UNDP, 2020).
Figure 1: Screenshot Shows Coronavirus cases taken from
https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
Different strategies worldwide adopted to mitigate this widespread disease. Some
precautionary measurement has been adopted at a global level like social distancing,
restriction to non-medical care, and closure of different business etc. Despite these strategies,
the disease is spreading and lead to a public health crisis. COVID-19 is a virus that can cross
species barriers and become human pathogens. It has been argued that COVID-19 is
originated from animal reservoirs like domestic animals, bat, mice, etc. At the same time,
many cases cause mild illness, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which affects
the lungs and causes death at an alarming rate (Ye et al., 2020). The COVID-19 is inflicting
high and rising human costs worldwide, and as a result, it is impacting economy activities
severely. It has not only disrupted the world businesses but also leads the world to lower
GDP in the coming future. It has grumbled the world economy badly, and it is said that the
economic crisis during the COVID-19 is worse than the financial crisis 2008-09. The
International Monetary Fund (IMF) presented a model of Great Lock-down, which represent
the GDP of the world during COVID-19 by 3% in 2020. Still, its managing director now
thinks the gloomy outlook could be too optimistic. The coronavirus pandemic is set to leave
170 countries with lower GDP per capita by the end of the year. Still, the projection "may be
a more optimistic picture than reality produces," Kristalina Georgieva told the BBC in an
interview. (Ben, Winck 2020 )
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Figure 2: Screenshot taken from International Monetary Fund
The Library across the world are sources of research activities and are in doubt that which
services should opt for clientele restrictions. Government around the world have decided
different approaches; many states are in favour of full closure institutions while others are
indicating that life should continue as usual. (IFLA, 2020)
2. OBJECTIVES OF THE PAPER
Covid-19-Response of Librarian
Librarian’s role is unique in any pandemic included COVID-19
1. Public health awareness through informed research relevant to pandemic
2. Research support for the researchers and faculty relevant to Pandemic
3. Fulfilling Research Demands of Library users during the pandemic
1. Public Health Awareness through informed research relevant to COVID-19
The first and foremost duty of Librarians is to inform the public regarding Covid-19 through
scholarly research. In this regards, librarians will use their professional's experience by
educating the masses regarding health issues such as social distancing, remote working,
online health consultations and remote working etc. In this regards, librarians can make
aware public by using relevant literature (Heymann, Shindo, 2020). Numerous topics are
embedded for awareness campaign regarding COVID-19 such as using masks, hand-washing
and uses of sanitization etc. These preventive measures can protect many peoples from
controlling the spread of COVID-19. Some other precautionary measurement like a history of
recovered people and advises for nutrition and lifestyle, which can be used to reduce the risk
among masses. Librarians should also highlight the importance of social distancing among
people. In this case, he/she must educate peoples to stay at home and keep a social distance
from family, colleagues and other strangers. He/She should also educate the masses for
possible quarantine measures. The quarantine was used as an effective measure to control all
kind of diseases, such as influenza etc. (Wilder-Smith & Freedman, 2020). Last but not least,
the librarians can advise their members to avoid misinformation through social media like
Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin, WhatsApp etc. The librarians should advise their members to
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share trustworthy and reliable information and to prevent rumours and fake news during
pandemic disease.
2. Research support for the researchers and faculty during Pandemic
The librarians can support the medical and paramedical staff by educating them through the
latest development regarding, diagnosis kits, vaccinations and relevant studies published in
medical journals and well-known databases. They must direct their research staff to free
access items relating to COVID-19.
3. Fulfilling Research Demands of Library users during pandemic
As people are in lock-down and can not move freely somewhere, they want, especially in the
libraries. In this regards, the library staff must fulfil the demand of library users, helping them
in their research assignment. They must continue support to their users in terms of reference
services, document delivery services, literature search and systematic reviews. They must
also provide support to researchers in difficult time via zoom, Google classroom, Skype and
google hangouts etc. and fulfil their research demands wholeheartedly.
3. LIBRARY CLOSURE POLICY
Libraries and librarians around the world are facing hard choices that which kind of services
should opt for library patrons in these critical situations. Many institutions are closing their
services while others are providing standard services. Many governments around the world
believe to closure all institutions included libraries for public gathering; however, some
governments are indicating functional benefits in regular routines. Even more, the
government are leaving the decision up to the heads of institutions (IFLA, 2020)
Partial restrictions: Many governments in the world have restricted themselves to avoid
large gathering and are instructing peoples to adopt precautionary measurement to protect
hygiene by disinfecting the hard surface. Peoples in circulation places avoid toys and virtual
reality headset. Many libraries are closing their study spaces where people are sitting for a
longer time. Some librarians avoid entrance inside the libraries by ensuring that library staff
will work remotely via digital mode.
Minimal service: Many countries have minimized their services and warning people to avoid
risk and are closing their most affected regions. In these situations, libraries offer circulation
services via book drops and are experiencing with drive-through pickup or only allow those
peoples who already have pre-booked. Many libraries provide quarantine services upon
returning the books. There are many libraries offer remote services like e-learning, e-lending
and remote teaching etc.
Full closure: In many countries, the librarian has been restricted to stop their services to
avoid risks. In such situations, librarians are ensuring their patrons that staff will work from
home and will solve their queries until the next order from the government. Librarians have
been assigned different task by using their information management skills to support their
patrons in health and social services. Many librarians are communicating their patrons with a
different mode like mobiles, email and zoom meeting services. They educate their users
through video links and other tools to use the ebooks and other electronic material for
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research. They offer digital services and aware them with the help of guidelines (Maurer,
2020).
4. STRATEGY OF REMOTE SERVICES
Librarians are trying to develop a remote services strategy by promoting their digital services.
Many librarians like Bibliotheque Nationale de France have organized a virtual exhibition
which helps patrons to get their desired material through remote access other examples of
Spain National Library which offer digital contents to support patrons in their educational
needs. Some other libraries like National library Morocco are providing free e-books, and the
public library of Denmark has provided its contents on the website. Granby Library in
Quebec, Canada have shown their collections while the New York Public library is running
online book clubs for the entire researchers. Ghana Library authority has also promoted
digital access alongside essential health information (Wang & Lund, 2020).
Numerous schools around the world provide material in digital format that allows users to use
them with the help of their parents one such example is Al-Abbas Holy Shrine Library which
provides remote lending and Electronic material to access. Many schools are offering online
storytelling such as CILIP has launched its National Shelf Service at the U.S., which offers
storytime for speakers.
Many other strategies have also been devised to promote access to e-books by increasing
borrowing limits such as in Denmark, and some free apps have been formulated for freely
available contents. In other countries like the Netherlands, librarians are reassigning budgets
to pay for more electronic contents.
Many people across the globe are not familiar with digital tools. Huesca, Spain have
developed new training material to use library resources up to maximum level. Some other
services like looking for jobs are worth-mentioning tools designed by the U.S. to provide in
Miami-Dade and Hillsborough country to help them in jobs (IFLA, 2020).
The library of Congress has organized a virtual transcription to engage people in distance
learning while other libraries provide access to podcasts at Norway. Other libraries at Dutch
National Library have provided author on your screen services, and various libraries have
created crows-sourcing material in the library journal (Library of Congress, 2020).
A Public library at Vega La Camocha Spain has set-up a book-themed Gymkhana to keep
children involved in readings. Some libraries in the U.S. are working for local children in
their artistic work and have produced quarantines to help them in poetry slams and writing
competition, etc., one such example is Arlington Public Library. Danish Libraries at
Portuguese have set-up an online Ask-a-Librarian reference shelf, helping patrons in their
educational needs.
In many academic libraries, some efforts have also been made to provide remote access; for
example, East-West University in Bangladesh has offered online book requests through call-
in hours. The University of Malaya at Malaysia has prepared a poster which explains online
discovery regarding Covid-19. An Armenian University Abu Papzian University Library has
given the number of Librarian to contact remotely. The National Library of Estonia has
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provided sign up in person for users to register themselves for online access. The Public
Library in the Turkish Ministry of Culture has shown its contents online; similarly, the
National Library of Morocco has also demonstrated its collection. In the U.S, there is a call
on libraries which connects users to WIFI online. Some libraries use Zoom subscriptions to
communicate with users through these applications. Some libraries in Spain, like Huesa, are
encouraging students online to write and share their stories to cope with the pressures in
Pandemic (IFLA, 2020).
After the closing of offices and library services at the global level, librarians were facing
tremendous challenges on how to manage remote working effectively. In such a situation,
some advanced training and tools were required for library practitioners to provide their
patrons with the best possible services. Although numerous publishers have provided material
online via internet, still it is unclear how long librarians will cope with these challenges for
longer-term impacts. Some associations at global level share ideas to overcome these
challenges one such example in the United States are the topic through webinars in Latin
American, another example is Blue Shield Australia about how to continue with conservation
during pandemic and lockdown.
5. RESOURCES VS SERVICES
Many libraries are transforming their services from traditional libraries to modern
information networks for example in Denmark and U.K. the lending limits of material have
been increased to meet their educational goals, similarly, in France, the reallocation of
budgets for electronic books have also been increased to meet the needs of their researchers.
Numerous publishers and vendors have made their material freely available during COVID-
19. Some publishers have given login and password for online material during the pandemic.
Macmillan and Penguin publishers have devised the easiest ways for public libraries to buy
and access ebooks for lending. Similarly, some audiobooks have also been made available for
public access. The Internet archives have also made an effort by providing large volumes to
support researchers in this challenging time. Hathi Trust is also giving access to lending their
material out in digital formats (Ali & Gatiti, 2020).
Many libraries provide access to online educational materials; one such example is Open
Education Resources Commons, library team has made a splendid offer for the entire society,
one other example is UNESCO Education’s division, which offers educational resources and
sound recording online from the past. There are numerous online Media and information
literacy skills, which educate users to use these resources up to maximum level one such
example is MOOC which hosts online learning platform through Commonwealth learning.
Several universities are also providing information literacy skills online to help their students
to carry out their research online. One such example is Hawai’i Loveland Coroloado libraries
in the U.S., offering online courses around this pandemic. The rightsholders in Brazile have
taken vital steps to promote online research and educational skills of their patrons through the
public domain.
Several groups and association are doing a marvellous job by promoting online materials
with the help of online publishers, and one such example is an International coalition of
Library consortia and LIBER. Similarly, the Association of University Libraries directors in
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France have also requested to publishers to provide online material without charges. JISC in
the United Kingdom has provided some Open Access material which is highly encouraging
steps for World Intellectual property. Similarly, IFLA has also devised some policy plans for
intellectual property laws for favour access. To secure better access some other groups and
associations are working together to impart best services; few examples are Australian
Library Association and Libraries Ireland who negotiated with publishers at country level to
provide the online access to satisfy their patrons, some Publishers have also waived the
licensing fees for their online material, one such example is Canadian Publishers. Some
policy plan for copyright law has been devised in the United States, United Kingdom and
Australia that what should be provided and what not.
The American Library Association is the largest association of librarians across the world has
argued successful plans for library users with a slight economic stimulus at the governmental
level. Some FUNDERS like IMLS in the U.S. are also offering grantees extra flexibility.
6. REASSESSING LIBRARY RESOURCES
Librarians have been active in taking up their roles during a pandemic. Librarians at Ireland
have proved in contact tracing while in the United Kingdom their roles remained active by
tracing the contacts for people in isolation outside the world. Librarian has volunteering
played their part with community initiatives at Auckland, New Zealand and Public Libraries
news England. As we know that many people lost their homeless shelters at Kansas and were
deprived of these facilities, the government had provided them WIFI hot-spots and laptops
for research activities. Toledo, Ohio has donated its vehicles for library resources. Richland
Library at South Carolina had provided hand sanitizes stations and critical resources for
people facing unemployment. Many Libraries have offered drive-thru meals for children at
Indianapolis public Library and St Loius country library and some other libraries at
Oklahoma city handing out books to children, who faced challenges to continue their studies
from home. Some libraries have also repurposed their spaces and equipment to meet the
needs of their students one such example is San Francisco library which has developed
childcare facilities inside the library, a library at Anchorage, Alaska has converted space for
emergency coordination centre. Some libraries are acting as a homeless shelter like Spokane,
Oregon library and San Luis Obispo library at California which offer safe places for people
living in their cars. There are some libraries, offers book drops to collect spare masks in
Oakland, California. In short, Libraries in the United States, New Zealand, Canada, Portugal
and France are offering 3D prints and donating existing pieces of equipment. The State
Library of Western Australia provides mystery boxes for over-subscribed books and
delivering bags of books to deprived areas.
7. DISCUSSION
The COVID-19 is a widespread global health crisis of our time and one of the greatest
challenge we have faced. COVID-19 has spread rapidly across the world, and all major cities
are in lockdown (Yousuf, Muhammad 2020). The main objectives of any libraries are to
provide access and services to library collections from remote areas in any pandemic. For
these purposes, many libraries have updated their websites for online material, while others
are improving their services. The purpose of this study was to know the current status of
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COVID-19 and its impact on library services around the world. Two constructs are being
formulated for undertaken this study, the first construct related to the provision of services
like skills, training and instructional programs while the second construct deals with the
services contributed by the library practitioners during this pandemic (Sadia. et, al, 2020).
Many people across the globe want to continue their education by adopting online means of
communication during COVID-19. Differently to this, a study by (Hiremath. et, al 2019)
mentions that users visit the libraries for primary information, like searching online
databases, scanning, journals etc, this study shows that during current lockdown users are
unable to visit the libraries as they use to do before, a study was conducted by the Georgia
Public Library services (2020) that libraries provide internet access wherever feasible, free
and open public wi-fi, points or other implementation for the public for internet access in a
virtual environment like live Facebook, zoom and Instagram TV etc. to the patron for vital
connecting and learning programmes. IFLA (2020) has stated that Kibera and Kakuru public
libraries in Kenya has launched an innovative programme through social networks like
sharing books and storytimes etc. Some other libraries like Monash in Australia national
library of Pozega in Serbia have made similar efforts for their patrons to access their libraries
online. Libraries in Huesca, Spain have responded by developing new training material for
users to help that make the most of these possibilities. In South Asia, India TS State Central
library Chandigarh is sharing book reviews and other information through social media for
their patrons. Digital library and public awareness programmes can enhance the utilization of
library services in any pandemic.
8. CONCLUSION
The COVID-19 is a widespread global health crisis of our time and one of the greatest
challenge we have faced. The Pandemic started in Wuhan China in November 2019 and
spread like waves in the different continent of the world. As of September 21, 2020, there
were 31,254,734 cases and more than 965,199 deaths attributed to the virus worldwide. Many
strategies have been adopted to reduce the widespread disease by adopting different
precautionary measurement like limiting travel, quarantining citizens, and cancelling large
gathering such as sports, schools and academic institutions where people gathering on a large
scale. Libraries and librarians are in a critical situation whether to stop the public entry or
what alternative sources should be adopted to fulfil the researcher needs in a way that is the
best fit for both librarians and library users. The government in different parts are taking
different decisions, some are trying to close their institutions while others are indicating that
life should continue as usual and even more government are merely leaving the decisions up
to the director of institutions. The present paper has devised some policy plan for any
pandemic in general and particularly for the COVID-19. Some limitations in this paper need
to be addressed in future such as policy for open access material, copyright issues and
budgeting plan for library services in any pandemic.
Recommendation:-
The study suggests the following recommendation for considerations
1. Financial resources for the development of a library system that can be utilized in any
pandemic
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2. Awareness of new emerging technology for library professionals
3. Access to Online Databases and publishers by the competent authority that can be
used in any pandemic
4. Centralized training programs for library patrons
5. Performance evaluating system for the librarians
6. Public Awareness programs by the library staff that can educate their patrons about
any pandemic
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would acknowledge the work of librarians across the globe who have devised strategies for
patrons during any pandemic.
REFERENCES
Ali, M. Y., & Gatiti, P. (2020). The COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: reflections on the
roles of librarians and information professionals. Health Information & Libraries
Journal, 37(2), 158–162.
Ben, Winck 2020. (n.d.). IMF chief says its forecast that 170 global economies will shrink
may be too optimistic |Markets Insider. Retrieved September 21, 2020, from
https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/economic-outlook-imf-global-gdp-
shrinkage-coronavirus-too-optimistic-says-2020-4-1029102891
Heymann, D. L., Shindo, N., & WHO Scientific and Technical Advisory Group for Infectious
Hazards. (2020). COVID-19: what is next for public health? Lancet (London,
England), 395(10224), 542–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30374-3
Hiremath, M. S. S., & Bankapur, V. M. (n.d.). Awareness and Proficiency in Digital Literacy
Skills among Librarians of First Grade Degree Colleges of Bagalkot District with
respect to Age Group.
Hussain, Abid 2020. Covid-19: impact on research and libraries in Pakistan. Retrieved
September 21, 2020, from Daily Times website:
https://dailytimes.com.pk/635223/covid-19-impact-on-research-and-libraries-in-
pakistan/
IFLA, 2020. COVID-19 and the Global Library Field - Google Search. Retrieved September
21, 2020, https://www.ifla.org/covid-19-and-libraries
Ishtiaq Ms, S., Sehar, N., & Shahid, A. (2020). Information Dissemination during Covid-19
and Lockdown: The Role of University libraries of Sindh, Pakistan.
Library of Congress, 2020. For the Public | Pandemic Information | About the Library |
Library of Congress [Web page]. Retrieved September 21, 2020, from Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA website:
https://www.loc.gov/about/pandemic-information/for-public/
Maurer, 2020, J. 2020. InfoGuides: COVID-19: Information for Oregon Libraries: Example
Plans and Policies. Retrieved September 21, 2020, from
https://libguides.osl.state.or.us/coronavirus/policies
UNDP, 2020. (n.d.). COVID-19 and Human Development: Assessing the Crisis, Envisioning
the Recovery Human Development Reports. Retrieved September 21, 2020, from
http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid
Wang, T., & Lund, B. (2020). Announcement Information Provided by United States’ Public
Libraries during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic. Public Library Quarterly, 1–12.
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Wilder-Smith, A., & Freedman, D. O. (2020). Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and
community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel
coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. Journal of Travel Medicine, 27(2).
https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa020
World Meter 2020. (n.d.). Coronavirus Update (Live): 31,263,651 Cases and 965,398 Deaths
from COVID-19 Virus Pandemic - Worldometer. Retrieved September 21, 2020,
from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/
Ye, Z.-W., Yuan, S., Yuen, K.-S., Fung, S.-Y., Chan, C.-P., & Jin, D.-Y. (2020). Zoonotic
origins of human coronaviruses. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 16(10),
1686.
Appendix
Key Messages
Covid-19 is a widespread disease that originated from China and spread with rapid
speed like waves and has badly affected people of different spheres like libraries
To reduce the disease, various strategies have been introduced at the global level;
librarians are developing similar policies to cope with any pandemic in future
Educational institutions are getting closed, and researchers got worried, librarians are
planning some alternative sources that will help researchers in any pandemic
Librarians upkeep themselves to assist patrons in any Pandemic and are introducing
preventive measures which will be better for librarians and patron both.