Covid 19 has reportedly shattered all previous records of outbreaks. Never a one expected the outbreak, which began in late December 2019, to spread quickly all across the globe, be devastating, and turn the global business upside down. SARS, Ebola Virus Disease EVD , MERS CoV, and other diseases brought about modest casualities in a smaller geographic area, therefore, Covid 19 was predicted to behave similarly at first. But this was not the case. Humans continuously lost their lives and faced financial hardships. Undoubtedly, tourism is amongst the most troubled industries. This research is a review of the literature. On the basis of facts and figures and prior studies, a comparison of the effects of prior outbreaks vis a vis Covid 19 on the tourism business has been attempted in this paper. Covid 19 and previous epidemics are so dissimilar, based on the facts and statistics gathered, that they cant be compared. Covid 19 has been the most hazardous viruses to live with owing to its instant spread, geographic distribution, several individuals who have died as a result of it, and the negative implications it has had across the region. Rajeev Ranjan Mishra | Pallavi Tandon "Tourism Industry amid Pandemics: Comparative Assessment of Past Outbreaks and Covid-19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46434.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/tourism/46434/tourism-industry-amid-pandemics-comparative-assessment-of-past-outbreaks-and-covid19/rajeev-ranjan-mishra
COVID-19 A pandemic which shook the world anirudhkkr
This is a case study analysis on the present pandemic "Coronavirus" and the facts and figures are as on date-25th may.2020.
I have made this case study which was is a semester examination project.Do check it out!
After months of deliberation, the World Health Organization has
declared COVID-19 a pandemic. As it seemed clear for quite some time, the virus will likely spread to most (if not all) countries on the globe. However, actions can still limit its impact.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. 'CO' stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as '2019 novel corona virus' or '2019-nCoV.
Globalization has altered the way we live and earn a livelihood. Consequently, trade and travel have been recognized as significant determinants of the spread of disease. Additionally, the rise in urbanization and the closer integration of the world economy have facilitated global interconnectedness. Therefore, globalization has emerged as an essential mechanism of disease transmission. This paper aims to examine the potential impact of COVID-19 on globalization and global health in terms of mobility, trade, travel, and countries most impacted.
COVID-19 amenaza con convertirse en una de las pruebas más difíciles que enfrenta la humanidad en la historia moderna. Como
la pandemia se ha extendido se ha cobrado vidas, ha provocado ansiedad y drama político, ha abrumado la salud
sistemas, y provocó un cambio geopolítico potencialmente duradero. El Fondo Monetario Internacional dice que
La economía mundial se enfrenta ahora a su peor recesión desde la Gran Depresión, y Oxfam Internacional ha
advirtió que 500 millones de personas podrían caer en la pobreza como resultado de la crisis en curso. Alrededor
En el mundo, se están realizando esfuerzos desesperados para contener lo que se ha convertido en un brote profundamente perturbador.
COVID-19 A pandemic which shook the world anirudhkkr
This is a case study analysis on the present pandemic "Coronavirus" and the facts and figures are as on date-25th may.2020.
I have made this case study which was is a semester examination project.Do check it out!
After months of deliberation, the World Health Organization has
declared COVID-19 a pandemic. As it seemed clear for quite some time, the virus will likely spread to most (if not all) countries on the globe. However, actions can still limit its impact.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus. 'CO' stands for corona, 'VI' for virus, and 'D' for disease. Formerly, this disease was referred to as '2019 novel corona virus' or '2019-nCoV.
Globalization has altered the way we live and earn a livelihood. Consequently, trade and travel have been recognized as significant determinants of the spread of disease. Additionally, the rise in urbanization and the closer integration of the world economy have facilitated global interconnectedness. Therefore, globalization has emerged as an essential mechanism of disease transmission. This paper aims to examine the potential impact of COVID-19 on globalization and global health in terms of mobility, trade, travel, and countries most impacted.
COVID-19 amenaza con convertirse en una de las pruebas más difíciles que enfrenta la humanidad en la historia moderna. Como
la pandemia se ha extendido se ha cobrado vidas, ha provocado ansiedad y drama político, ha abrumado la salud
sistemas, y provocó un cambio geopolítico potencialmente duradero. El Fondo Monetario Internacional dice que
La economía mundial se enfrenta ahora a su peor recesión desde la Gran Depresión, y Oxfam Internacional ha
advirtió que 500 millones de personas podrían caer en la pobreza como resultado de la crisis en curso. Alrededor
En el mundo, se están realizando esfuerzos desesperados para contener lo que se ha convertido en un brote profundamente perturbador.
Socio economic attributes of covid-19 pandemic in Maharashtra State IndiaSoumik Chakraborty
Discussion about factors affecting Covid-19 spread and situation of virus spread. Relationship and generation of Covid susceptibility map in the region
A critical bottleneck during the COVID-19 pandemic is for governments to ensure that healthcare systems are able to cope with new cases of infection cases. Critical bottlenecks include CCB-ICU, ventilators, and ECMO. The consensus would be to contain and slow down the community spread. Local governments worldwide are implementing policies to break the chain of infection by curfews and lockdown, closure of malls, schools, offices, etc. These slides also discuss the significant socio-economic impact on various sectors globally.
World bank evaluating the economic consequences of avian influenzaHarm Kiezebrink
Pandemics cause very serious loss of life, restrictions of freedom and serious economic damage. Potential pandemics all are related to our dealing with animals, both wild and domesticated.
In this Word Bank study of 2006, the effects of a severe HPAI pandemic (with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus crossing the species barrier and infecting humans) predicted economic losses from 2-10% of the world economy.
The economic impact of the present COVID-19 crisis, caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus spreading from wild animals to humans, probably will reach the upper limits of this prediction even if the losses of life might be near the lower limits mentioned in the report (1,4 millions rather than 71 millions).
A common observation is that governments were late to react on the COVID-19 outbreak.
Pandemics are rare, so due to cost-benefit considerations emergency preparations do usually not get beyond an advisory (paperwork) phase. When an emergency eventually arises, the response is too late, too little, and with disastrous effects on animal and/or human welfare that could have been avoided. Relatively small, short-term financial savings result in big, long-term losses.
Protection against outbreaks cannot be achieved by political decisions during a crisis. Our dealing with animals, especially in animal production, must be inherently safe so that animal health and public health are protected.
This is recognized in the One Health strategy that has been adopted internationally.
An outbreak of animal disease occurs should be contained at a very early stage. This can only be realized if all farms have their own emergency plans, with equipment to deal with contagious diseases already present at the farm.
Coronavirus effects heighten fears of recession in the world economy. Stock exchanges have had a difficult week around the world and, in Europe, the recession seems inevitable. The paralysis in China weighs on domestic growth because the supply chains of multinationals need components made in Chinese factories to guarantee their production. Consumption in western countries will be strongly affected. Tourism, air transport, leisure are already suffering the consequences.
The research of Warwick McKibbin (Australian National University, The Brookings Institution, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research) and Roshen Fernando (Australian National University, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR))
CAMA: The global macroeconomic impacts of COVID-19: Seven scenarios (results)TatianaApostolovich
The research of Warwick McKibbin (Australian National University, The Brookings Institution, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research) and Roshen Fernando (Australian National University, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR))
The Life After COVID-19: A Frontliner's Perspective.MaMonicaRivera
These slides are uploaded for information and as partial requirement of Philippine Women's University in Master of Nursing (MAN); Subject: Nursing Practicum
By: Ma. Monica Rivera, BSN, RN
Cooperative A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economyijtsrd
The pandemic economy is an economy inflicted with deadly disease or plague such as the corona virus disease 2019 COVID 19 . The economy is characterized with setbacks in social and economic activities including deaths as a result of the deadly disease. This study therefore examined the COVID 19 Pandemic its meaning, origin and the need to overcome the pandemic. The paper described how global, regional and national cooperation can help overcome the pandemic using cooperative as a platform. However, considering the economic, social and environmental challenges of the pandemic, this paper contends that the cooperative model of enterprise has in recent time proven to be more sustainable and reliable platform for social and economic transformation in the Nigerian economy in the pandemic era for some obvious reasons The paper posited that the government and donor agencies have relied on cooperative in fighting hunger and poverty. The cooperative has also been relied upon for achieving national food security programme. Institutions both educational and other agencies are setting up one form of cooperative organization or the other for solving their social and economic needs. Research has also shown that many micro business owners rely on cooperative group membership for their business growth. Today, the cooperative ideals are spread across all sectors of the economy even without much publicity. Most importantly the pandemic made thousands if not millions of people informal members of cooperative organization in an effort to survive the vicious attack of the pandemic. The paper concludes that it is imperative that a clear cut cooperative sector that will serve as a professional and institutional base for cooperative growth and development in Nigeria be established. Anigbogu, Theresa Ukamaka | Uzochukwu, Lebechukwu David | Akwaekwe, Christian Ikechukwu "Cooperative: A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50361.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/50361/cooperative-a-positive-growth-driver-in-a-pandemic-economy/anigbogu-theresa-ukamaka
Socio economic attributes of covid-19 pandemic in Maharashtra State IndiaSoumik Chakraborty
Discussion about factors affecting Covid-19 spread and situation of virus spread. Relationship and generation of Covid susceptibility map in the region
A critical bottleneck during the COVID-19 pandemic is for governments to ensure that healthcare systems are able to cope with new cases of infection cases. Critical bottlenecks include CCB-ICU, ventilators, and ECMO. The consensus would be to contain and slow down the community spread. Local governments worldwide are implementing policies to break the chain of infection by curfews and lockdown, closure of malls, schools, offices, etc. These slides also discuss the significant socio-economic impact on various sectors globally.
World bank evaluating the economic consequences of avian influenzaHarm Kiezebrink
Pandemics cause very serious loss of life, restrictions of freedom and serious economic damage. Potential pandemics all are related to our dealing with animals, both wild and domesticated.
In this Word Bank study of 2006, the effects of a severe HPAI pandemic (with a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus crossing the species barrier and infecting humans) predicted economic losses from 2-10% of the world economy.
The economic impact of the present COVID-19 crisis, caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus spreading from wild animals to humans, probably will reach the upper limits of this prediction even if the losses of life might be near the lower limits mentioned in the report (1,4 millions rather than 71 millions).
A common observation is that governments were late to react on the COVID-19 outbreak.
Pandemics are rare, so due to cost-benefit considerations emergency preparations do usually not get beyond an advisory (paperwork) phase. When an emergency eventually arises, the response is too late, too little, and with disastrous effects on animal and/or human welfare that could have been avoided. Relatively small, short-term financial savings result in big, long-term losses.
Protection against outbreaks cannot be achieved by political decisions during a crisis. Our dealing with animals, especially in animal production, must be inherently safe so that animal health and public health are protected.
This is recognized in the One Health strategy that has been adopted internationally.
An outbreak of animal disease occurs should be contained at a very early stage. This can only be realized if all farms have their own emergency plans, with equipment to deal with contagious diseases already present at the farm.
Coronavirus effects heighten fears of recession in the world economy. Stock exchanges have had a difficult week around the world and, in Europe, the recession seems inevitable. The paralysis in China weighs on domestic growth because the supply chains of multinationals need components made in Chinese factories to guarantee their production. Consumption in western countries will be strongly affected. Tourism, air transport, leisure are already suffering the consequences.
The research of Warwick McKibbin (Australian National University, The Brookings Institution, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research) and Roshen Fernando (Australian National University, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR))
CAMA: The global macroeconomic impacts of COVID-19: Seven scenarios (results)TatianaApostolovich
The research of Warwick McKibbin (Australian National University, The Brookings Institution, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research) and Roshen Fernando (Australian National University, Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research (CEPAR))
The Life After COVID-19: A Frontliner's Perspective.MaMonicaRivera
These slides are uploaded for information and as partial requirement of Philippine Women's University in Master of Nursing (MAN); Subject: Nursing Practicum
By: Ma. Monica Rivera, BSN, RN
Cooperative A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economyijtsrd
The pandemic economy is an economy inflicted with deadly disease or plague such as the corona virus disease 2019 COVID 19 . The economy is characterized with setbacks in social and economic activities including deaths as a result of the deadly disease. This study therefore examined the COVID 19 Pandemic its meaning, origin and the need to overcome the pandemic. The paper described how global, regional and national cooperation can help overcome the pandemic using cooperative as a platform. However, considering the economic, social and environmental challenges of the pandemic, this paper contends that the cooperative model of enterprise has in recent time proven to be more sustainable and reliable platform for social and economic transformation in the Nigerian economy in the pandemic era for some obvious reasons The paper posited that the government and donor agencies have relied on cooperative in fighting hunger and poverty. The cooperative has also been relied upon for achieving national food security programme. Institutions both educational and other agencies are setting up one form of cooperative organization or the other for solving their social and economic needs. Research has also shown that many micro business owners rely on cooperative group membership for their business growth. Today, the cooperative ideals are spread across all sectors of the economy even without much publicity. Most importantly the pandemic made thousands if not millions of people informal members of cooperative organization in an effort to survive the vicious attack of the pandemic. The paper concludes that it is imperative that a clear cut cooperative sector that will serve as a professional and institutional base for cooperative growth and development in Nigeria be established. Anigbogu, Theresa Ukamaka | Uzochukwu, Lebechukwu David | Akwaekwe, Christian Ikechukwu "Cooperative: A Positive Growth Driver in a Pandemic Economy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50361.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/50361/cooperative-a-positive-growth-driver-in-a-pandemic-economy/anigbogu-theresa-ukamaka
Impact of COVID 19 on the Aviation Industry in Nigeriaijtsrd
This paper is a timely examination of the novel Corona Virus Covid 19 that is currently ravaging the entire world. The main objective of this research is to study the impact of this global pandemic on the aviation sector in Nigeria. The methodology adopted is basically qualitative, explorative and analytical in nature, involving the use of secondary data via journal publications, government official documents, health authorities’ data and internet materials. This due to the fact that the virus is novel and very recent. The study found out that the Covid 19 pandemic has thrown the entire global economic, political and social systems into turmoil. The Nigerian economy and aviation sector in particular, has been in a meltdown, which had been thrown into a huge crisis. Some of the negative impacts of the scourge on the Nigerian aviation industry include closure of airports and banning of flights, increasing industry debt profile, negative impact on tourism, increased competitive pricing and severe loss of jobs. In terms of future prognosis, it will be quite a while before the sector recovers and whenever it re opens, the most immediate visible change will be social distancing, touch less travel with passengers needing to be fit to travel. The turnaround time for local and international travels will increase as aircraft will be need to sanitize each time the planes land. Furthermore, there will be increased movement towards the digital space and most of the flight operations will be on digital platforms. Siyan, Peter | Adegoriola, Adewale E | Agunbiade, Olabode "Impact of COVID-19 on the Aviation Industry in Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31787.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/other/31787/impact-of-covid19-on-the-aviation-industry-in-nigeria/siyan-peter
Review of Recent COVID-19 Science ~ Denis G. Rancourt, PhDPandataAnalytics
Measures do not prevent deaths, transmission is not by contact, masks provide no benefit, vaccines are inherently dangerous: Review update of recent science relevant to COVID-19 policy.
Containing the COVID 19 Pandemic in Nigeria A Reflection on Government Action...ijtsrd
The outbreak of the COVID 19 pandemic led to the lockdown of the global economy in the early part of the year 2020. In line with the measures recommended by the World Health Organization WHO , countries also introduced further mechanisms based on their respective unique environment to contain the virus. This paper reflected on the citizens’ reactions to government measures in containing the COVID 19 pandemic in Nigeria. Specifically, it reviewed the government’s actions towards containing the virus and how they influenced the citizens’ response. The study was qualitative and focused between March and September 2020. Relying on secondary data that were analyzed through content analysis, we triangulated the Persuasive Communication Theory and Resistance Theory to interrogate the governments actions and the citizens’ reactions. We argued that the governments approach towards containing the virus contributed to i the doubt on the existence of the virus in the country held by some of the citizens, ii the lack of strict observation of precautionary measures and safety regulations, iii the seeming non co operation between the government and the citizens in containing the virus. The implications of this relationship pose challenges for future epidemics, pandemics, and development in the country and could serve as a premise for further research. Vincent Chukwukadibia Onwughalu "Containing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: A Reflection on Government Actions and Citizens Reactions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35701.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/35701/containing-the-covid19-pandemic-in-nigeria-a-reflection-on-government-actions-and-citizens-reactions/vincent-chukwukadibia-onwughalu
COVID-19 Facts vs Opinion: Nonchalant Responses of The Indonesian PeopleJosephineSurya2
This paper is submitted to fulfill the English 2 Final Exam Project study program Industrial Engineering 2nd semester Buddhi Dharma University, Tangerang. Lecturer: Dra. Harisa Mardiana, M.Pd.
The viruses coexist for approx. 300 million years with the humans. Sometimes viruses can infect people on a large scale. But how was the current pandemic possible?
Global warming is causing extreme weather events that have led to an increase in infectious diseases. The new climate can support epidemiological vectors for longer periods of time, creating more favorable conditions for replication and the emergence of new vectors.
In the case of emerging infectious diseases, it is considered that there is a border that has already been crossed. Viruses normally have a native area (their "reservoir") from which they should not be pushed out. This creates a dangerous intimacy, with "hotspots" that include locations such as markets, which become real hotbeds of epidemics.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26974.87364
In 2020, tourists were the main vectors for the rapid geographical spread of SARS-CoV-2, which in its first sixmonths caused more than half a million fatalities worldwide. In this context, we investigated when, and if,
tourism should be interrupted to delay pandemics. We did this by considering the temporal and geographical
spread of COVID-19 and related fatalities, the World Health Organization’s official guidelines and travel
advices, the perspectives of tourists and tourism workers regarding the economic and social impacts caused by
tourism interruption
The outbreak and subsequent spread of COVID-19 to the West African sub-region have brought significant changes to the different aspects of our lives and grounded educational and socio-political and economic activities of ECOWAS member states. The pandemic has exposed the poor state of the health systems and shortage in medical supplies and protective gears to cope with the health emergency. In response, strict restrictions were put in place to curb the spread of the virus and these have drastically affected peoples’ lifestyles. However, there has been huge increase in the use of technology in business, education, religion and other activities as people adapt to the changing times in the sub-region. It is the argument of this paper that things cannot return to the way they were before the pandemic, but West African states must strategically plan for the Post COVID-19 era to survive the massive wave of unemployment, socio-economic meltdown and changes in lifestyle. The paper concluded that while the fight against the virus in the sub-region was not collective, post-pandemic recovery must be coordinated, strategically plannedamong member states. It was recommended that the governments should be flexible enough to retain the use of ICT and technology alongside the conventional ways of doing things in the post-pandemic era.
The paper examines Covid-19 from the perspective of an imam in relation to Islamic teachings and media representation explaining that moslems and non-moslems are pre-disposed to succumb to fear and falsehood in line with pre-end-times Qur’anic prophecies that encapsulate the Islamic eschatology.
In contour and thrusts, the paper is journalistic weaving interpretation of Qur’anic verses blended in a posit recursive narration of media-obsessive treatment of the Coronavirus as distinct from other historical pandemics
The Role of Communication In COVID-19 Crisis Management: Findings about Infor...CSCJournals
Given the different levels of pandemic severity in Germany and Italy, the paper investigates the differences in information behavior, and its consequences, between German and Italian young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in the first and second waves of infections in the two countries. In particular, the issue of crisis management through institutional communication, the development of information behavior and information consumption throughout the year 2020 are analyzed through a questionnaire-based case study considering the constructs topic fatigue, trust in government sources and vaccination hesitancy. The paper reveals that there are considerable differences in time spent looking for information, with Italian respondents generally spending more time in these activities. Surprisingly, Italian respondents seem to place more trust in their government and institutions than Germans do. Vaccination hesitancy is estimated as higher in Germany than in Italy. People who feel less informed are also less likely to get a vaccination when offered the possibility, moreover, the perception of risk of infection plays a major role in vaccination acceptance. From the point of view of public management, findings of this work highlight the knowledge of citizens’ information behavior and habits as relevant to the design of communication campaigns to address health crises.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID – IJTSRD46434 | Volume – 5 | Issue – 6 | Sep-Oct 2021 Page 373
industries (Keogh-Brown, 2014). Indirect costs of an
epidemic originate from the likelihood of the people
being ill as well as the hazards perplexed by the
outbreak (Smith, 2006). Epidemics do not have the
same impact on everyone. People in low-income
groups, in particular, suffer more. The worldwide
populace was lowered by 33 percent in the fourteenth
century's "Black Death," wherein poor people
suffering the maximum deaths (Ahmed et al., 2020).
This is also true in terms of countries. In low- and
middle-income countries, epidemics have a greater
impact on the gross national product, safety,
mediclaim policy, judicial system, and cash flows
than in high-returns ones (de Francisco et al., 2015).
Government-imposed travel restrictions reduce both
local and international travel, making the tourism
industry more susceptible to disease. As a result, the
travel and accommodation businesses are often the
first to be hit by an epidemic (Menon and Goh, 2005;
Bharwani and Mathews, 2012). Tourism earnings and
its percentage of the gross national product (GNP) are
declining as a result of epidemics. (Bhati et al., 2016;
Pine and McKercher, 2004; Jayawardena, 2008;
Keogh-Brown and Smith, 2008; Pine and McKercher,
2004). Businesses in the tourism industry and places
at risk of pandemics must establish and execute
detailed tactical strategy (Jayawardena, 2008; Bhati et
al., 2016; Cahyanto et al., 2016).
Epidemic diseases, which have occurred regularly
throughout human history, have resulted in enormous
loss of life as well as a variety of psychic, fiscal, and
psychosocial consequences. This is widely assumed
that every new epidemic would act as a benchmark
for the next pandemic. The scenarios that occurred in
earlier outbreaks should be investigated with an
intention of making judgments regarding the socio-
economic impacts of Covid-19 on the hospitality and
tourism sector. The primary purpose of this research
is to figure out how much Covid-19 and previous
outbreaks have cost the tourism industry. That can be
accomplished by comparing the effects impact and
death toll of diseases, as well as its consequences on
financial system and joblessness. In the study's first
component, previous epidemics were analysed, along
with their economic consequences. The importance of
COVID-19 and its economic ramifications are
underlined in the following section, followed by a
comparison of the societal and economic costs of
epidemic diseases.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This study's main purpose is to compare the effects of
previous outbreaks and Covid-19 on the tourism
industry.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research is a review of the literature. Based on
statistics and prior research studies, a comparison of
the impact of previous outbreaks and COVID-19 on
the tourism business has been made in this paper.
EFFECTS OF PANDEMICS ON THE TOURISM
INDUSTRY
Through the historical process, microorganisms with
a million-year history have created manyharmful and
beneficial events. While bacteria help to set the
ground for beneficial activities including turning flora
and fauna wastes into oligoelements, transforming
eaten foodstuffs into palatable diets, and fermentation
of liqour and cheese (Gilliland, 1990), moreover they
cause a myriad of ailments that are difficult to treat.
As agriculture has substituted hunting and collecting
in the established lifestyle, people have become
increasingly linked with the land, animals, and plants.
The transmission of germs from existing soil, fauna,
and flora to human beings has prepared the way for
the creation of numerous diseases as a result of this
condition. Only a few of the consequences of this link
are barberry disease, which evolved with the taming
of the animal, and TB and diphtheria, which emerged
with the soil domestication of anthrax. Besides, as
woodlands and natural habitats are damaged and
converted into settlement areas in line with
population increase, creatures that reside in these
areas, like mouse, ants, bedbugs, and mites, have
come into human touch. As a result, the plague, the
world's worst pandemic, has originated (Nikiforuk,
2018).
Influenza pandemics
One of the pandemic viruse that has killed the most
people in recent years is Spanish flu, which has a high
diffusion speed (it received its nomenclature because
it originated from Spain (Porras-Gallo and Davis,
2014). Although research findings vary, it is
estimated that the disease has spread to approximately
500 million individuals and approximately50 million
people lost their lives (Rosenwald, 2020). Because
tourism activities increased dramatically after WWII,
the influence of this outbreak on industries apart from
the tourism industry has been one of the areas for
further research. In many nations, the Spanish flu has
brought everyday life and the economy to a halt.
According to Ammon (2002), several schools in
Geneva were closed as a result of this disease, as
were meetings and all events (sports, theatres, and so
on). According to Karlsson et al. (2014), the Spanish
flu has brought Sweden's economy to a halt.
According to this report, incomes have decreased as a
result of the sickness, and poverty rates have risen.
According to a research conducted by Garrett (2007)
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in the United States, this sickness has led many
businesses to close in the United States, and those that
are still open have had their work cut by 40–70%. It
should be noted that the daily loss of businesses is in
the range of $10,000 to $15,000 dollars.
Swine flu was the flu outbreak that occurred on the
closest date to our time. Over 2.5 lac people have lost
their lives due to the virus, which first appeared in the
country of Mexico in 2009. The pandemic, that had a
negative influence on the tourism sector, has trigerred
massive travel bans and cancellation of tickets
(McKibbin, 2009). The swine flu outbreak has had a
significant consequence on the hospitality and
tourism in a number of countries. According to Page
et al. (2011), 1.6 million tourists died as a result of
swine flu in England in 2009. According to the report,
the swine flu outbreak eventuated in a loss of income
of 830 million pounds. As per Haque and Haque
(2018), a study conducted in Brunei, the swine flu
outbreak has caused in the loss of approx 31,500
visitors and a monetary deficit of $16 million. Given
Brunei's small size, the aforementioned casualties
suggest that the outbreak had a significant impact.
Mexico, which has been hit the hardest by the virus,
is at the top of the list of countries experiencing a
sharp decline in tourists. According to Garg (2013),
many tourist groups have been cancelled as a because
of the swine flu pandemic, and tourism businesses
have been closed. Furthermore, during the outbreak,
all major international travel companies cancelled all
reservations in Mexico, and numerous countries, most
notably Argentina and Cuba, discontinued flight
operation to and from Mexico.
HIV/AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus
/Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome
It is a viral infection resulting from the HIV which
results into the malfunctioning of the immune system.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus attacks the
immunity of human being and weakens it by infecting
leucocytes or WBC. The disease has lead to the death
of more than 3 crore people. AIDS had affected the
tourism industry adversely, which is vital for the
economy of every country. According to Ketshabile
(2013), the disease reduced economic development in
the Southern African region by 30% during 1980 to
2000. The tourism industry was the hardest hit by
AIDS which led to the unemployment of many
people. Strydom and Carolus' (2010) also claimed
that AIDS eventuated in a substantial rise in
unemployment in the Southern African region.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV)
SARS-CoV is a coronavirus-based illness that first
appeared in China in late 2002. It is an epidemic with
a rapid spread and higher mortality level. This rapidly
spreading disease has infected over 8,000 people and
has spread to 26 countries (Wilder-Smith et al.,
2020). Despite the fact that SARS has a shorter
survival rate than other diseases due to the lower
number of cases and events, it is widely
acknowledged that it has had significant economic
consequences. As a result of the outbreak, tourism has
been one of China's most devastated industries. The
cities of Beijing, Guangzhou, and Shanghai, have
been tagged as the most affected region in China.
SARS outbreak resulted in significant travel
restrictions and below average occupancy levels
(1.6%) in these regions, it had an adverse impact on
the national economy and tourism industry of many
countries all across the globe. According to Pine and
McKercher (2004), during the pandemic, the
percentage of tourism industry in Singapore and
Hong Kong's gross national product fell by 44 percent
over a four-month period. Bhati in a study conducted
in 2016 revealed that the loss in gross national
product in Southeast Asia was estimated to be 18
billion USD in 2003. In his 2005 paper titled "Getting
ready for the next pandemic," Osterholm pointed out
the fact that although the epidemic was limited, the
loss of lives would be enormous, the cost to the world
economy would be significant, and the economic
confusion period would last for more than two years.
Jayawardena et al. (2008) determined the impact of
the SARS outbreak on tourism in their study, which
was made to offer strategical strategies for the hotel
management by ascertaining the impact of the SARS-
CoV on the tourism industry. Breda in a study
conducted in 2004 highlighted that the SARS
pandemic resulted in a loss of 2.8 billion dollars to
the Chinese tourism industry.
Aside from China, the SARS outbreak harmed the
economies of many countries and regions all across
the globe. The outbreak, according to Dwyer et al.
(2006), had eventuated in room cancellations and
travel restrictions throughout Australia, alongwith its
adverse impact on the tourism industry. According to
reports, the total loss in tourism earnings sustained in
Toronto as a result of SARS was 345 million USD,
with lodging industry accounting for the major
percentage of the damage. With reference to
employment, it is acknowledged that more than
twelve thousand employees were laid off in the
hospitality and tourism industry in Toronto, primarily
in the hotel industry, and that many employees were
supposed to work for less number of hours
(Jayawardena et al., 2008).
According to Chuo (2007), tourism industry
managers were expected to extract lessons on how to
safeguard their customers if such disaster occurred in
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future, and they were supposed to devise survival
plans after contemplating the likelihood of a
pandemic reoccurring followed-by the SARS-CoV.
Following the SARS outbreak, Singapore's ministries,
according to Menon and Goh (2005), conducted
extensive research and made significant efforts to
revitalise the country.
Ebola Virus Disease/ Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever
EVD is a fatal infection that originated in the West
African sub-continent in the year 1976. The pandemic
got this nomenclature from the Congo's Ebola River.
In addition to Africa, Ebola had been witnessed in the
continents of Asia, Europe, and America. The
disease's spread has been slowed as a result of the
development of a vaccine (Anis, 2019; CDC, 2020a).
The outbreak of Ebola had an adverse impact on the
national economy and tourism sector. The economic
impact of the outbreak was greatest in Liberia, Sierra
Leone, and Guinea. As a result of the pandemic, the
economies of these countries have shrunk.
Furthermore, due to the outbreak, the flight services
to African countries were cancelled. This resulted in
loss of revenue for tourism industry. According to
Anis (2019), Nigeria was hardest hit by the pandemic
with regard to tourism activity. According to a
survey, hotels in Nigeria experienced a 75% drop in
reservations in April 2004, and Ebola cost the
Nigerian economy 8 billion Naira (nearly US$21
million).
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV)/
Camel Flu
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a
respiratory track disease that originated in Saudi
Arabia in 2012. MERS, which has spread more
slowly than past pandemic infections, has resulted in
858 fatality events as of 2019, with 780 of them
occurring in Saudi Arabia (WHO, 2020b). The
administration had worked hard to make sure that the
Hajj and Umrah organisations are not hampered by
the outbreak (BBC, 2014). Pilgrims returning from
Hajj and Umrah and transmitting the sickness are the
main cause of pandemic spreading outside of Arabia
(Pavli et al., 2014). The Korean Republic is also one
of the countries afflicted by the pandemic. MERS-
CoV had a negative impact on the Korean Republic's
hotel, food and beverage, and transportation sectors.
According to Joo et al. (2019), the pandemic had cost
the Korean Republic 2.1 million tourists and 2.6
billion dollars in revenue.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURISM
The Covid-19 epidemic has tested mental fortitude,
and it is the most severe outbreak since the outbreak
of SARS in 2003 (Wang et al. 2020). The unexpected
and rapid spread of Covid-19, caused by a virus
strain, highlighted world’s failure in preparedness, as
many countries worldwide were caught off guard
(Djalante et al., 2020). The city of Wuhan in China is
said to be the epicentre of the disease. Because of its
genetic resemblance to SARS, it was dubbed “severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2)” on 11th
Feb, 2020. Many clusters of people
with symptoms of pneumonia were discovered in
December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The Covid-19 has
been proclaimed as a pandemic by the World Health
Organization (Ali, 2020).
Unfortunately, the pandemic's relentless spread
continues to harm several aspects of economic and
social life, particularly national health systems. In
order to prevent its transmission, initial public health
guidelines for workers focused on ensuring workers
stayed at home when they were sick, avoided
unnecessary travel, and practised good hygiene
(CDC, 2020b). With a sharp increase in the number
of cases and evidence of community transmission
became clear, subsequent guidelines emphasised
urging employees to work-from-home, with many
employers implementing a WFH policy (Frenkel,
2020; Weise, 2020). In many parts of the world,
educational establishments were shut down (Samuel
and Walsh, 2020; Education Week Map, 2020). Retail
stores were closed or worked with severely reduced
hours, and food and beverage outlets were either
closed or operated as take-aways model (Hussain et
al., 2020; Testa et al., 2020).
A sharp decline in the supply of goods and services
was witnessed because its production in factories
seized due to Covid-19 which resulted in higher
prices, or stagflation. It's worthy to note that the
impact of second wave of a global outbreak will have
significant changes – closure of factories and places
of employment, demand curves shift inward, lowering
GDP, increasing unemployment, and price rises.
Hospitality and Tourism industry is highly vulnerable
to the aftermaths of pandemics owing to its labour-
intensive nature (UNWTO 2020a). According to the
UNWTO (2020a), the Covid-19 pandemic is a prime
deterrant for the tourism sector, necessitating
dependable and flawless leadership that prioritises
tourism during the recovery phase. Covid-19 is still
devastating the world in 2021. The world has and
continues to suffer sizeable losses and setbacks due to
COVID-19. As of April 2020, over 9 in 10 persons n
this world, or 7.2 billion people lived in countries
with travel restrictions in place; with 40% of the
world population living in nations which shut down
their territories entirely for non-citizens and non-
residents, including China and India, among others. In
effect, as of May 2020, 3 in 4 countries and territories
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globally suspended travel from at least one other
destination. Present projections highlight that foreign
tourist footfalls could decline by 60-80% in the year
2020. As per WTTC’s projected figures, over 121
million jobs will be influenced in the T&T industry
globally, with a loss of $3.4 trillion in world GDP.
Confronted with marked decrease in revenues
surrounded by steady costs, lot of organizations
within the T&T industry have been compelled to
furlough or lay off a major chunk of their manpower.
WTTC approximated that when the crisis was at its
peak, 10 lakhs people lost their jobs daily in Travel &
Tourism sector. SMEs, which attribute for 80% of the
T&T industry, had to freeze or cease their operations.
In the US, for example, it is approximated that 75%
of standalone F&B outlets that have temporarily
closed during the crisis will not continue to survive.
CONCLUSION
The general public, who had previously discussed
pandemics, was almost certainly excited about Covid-
19's implications. However, the entire world has
suffered greatly in every sector and appears to be
suffering for the time being. Historical data is
unquestionably a reference point in pandemics, just as
it is in all other fields. Covid-19, on the other hand,
was a harsh and brutal training. The world has begun
to believe that everything should be rebuilt after
witnessing such a high level of human death and
economic damage in a long time. Covid-19, unlike
previous pandemics, evolves into a new type of virus
as it spreads rapidly around the world, killing nearly
1.92 million people and causing economic disruption
(January 2021). Naturally, the pandemic will end at
some point. The losses it causes, on the other hand,
will have a long-term impact on the entire world.
Uncertainties about a pandemic, on the other hand,
continue to worry people and economies. As a result
of this fear, both the health and the economy will
continue to struggle to return to the past. Despite the
fact that Covid-19 is under strict control, the
measures are expected to be implemented globally.
This implies that problems will continue to exist in all
sectors. The pandemic's effects were lessening but
still present at the time this report was written. Covid-
19 is well-known for its ability to distinguish itself
from other strains, and subsequent outbreaks should
be addressed using this reference.
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